| Election Name: | 1942 Georgia Democratic gubernatorial primary |
| Country: | Georgia (U.S. state) |
| Flag Year: | 1920 |
| Type: | Presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1940 Georgia gubernatorial election |
| Previous Year: | 1940 |
| Next Election: | 1946 Georgia gubernatorial election |
| Next Year: | 1946 |
| Election Date: | September 9, 1942 |
| Image1: | File:Ellis Arnall cropped.png |
| Nominee1: | Ellis Arnall |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Electoral Vote1: | 261 |
| Popular Vote1: | 174,757 |
| Percentage1: | 57.65% |
| Nominee2: | Eugene Talmadge |
| Electoral Vote2: | 149 |
| Party2: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote2: | 128,399 |
| Percentage2: | 42.35% |
| Map Size: | 200px |
| Governor | |
| Before Election: | Eugene Talmadge |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Ellis Arnall |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Votes For Election: | 410 county unit votes |
| Needed Votes: | 206 unit |
The 1942 Georgia gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1942, in order to elect the governor of Georgia. The governor was elected to a four-year term for the first time, instead of a two-year term.
Incumbent Democratic Governor Eugene Talmadge was defeated in the Democratic primary.
As was common at the time, the Democratic candidate ran with only token opposition in the general election so therefore the Democratic primary was the real contest, and winning the primary was considered tantamount to election.
The Democratic primary election was held on September 9, 1942. As there were only two candidates, there was no run-off.
From 1917 until 1962, the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Georgia used a voting system called the county unit system to determine victors in statewide primary elections.[1]
The system was ostensibly designed to function similarly to the Electoral College, but in practice the large ratio of unit votes for small, rural counties to unit votes for more populous urban areas provided outsized political influence to the smaller counties.[2] [3]
Under the county unit system, the 159 counties in Georgia were divided by population into three categories. The largest eight counties were classified as "Urban", the next-largest 30 counties were classified as "Town", and the remaining 121 counties were classified as "Rural". Urban counties were given 6 unit votes, Town counties were given 4 unit votes, and Rural counties were given 2 unit votes, for a total of 410 available unit votes. Each county's unit votes were awarded on a winner-take-all basis.
Candidates were required to obtain a majority of unit votes (not necessarily a majority of the popular vote), or 206 total unit votes, to win the election. If no candidate received a majority in the initial primary, a runoff election was held between the top two candidates to determine a winner.[4]
In the general election, Arnall faced token opposition.