| Country: | Russian SFSR |
| Flag Image: | Flag of Russian SFSR (1937-1954).svg |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Previous Election: | 1921 Russian Supreme Soviet election |
| Previous Year: | 1921 |
| Next Election: | 1947 Russian Supreme Soviet election |
| Next Year: | 1947 |
| Seats For Election: | All 727 seats in the Supreme Soviet |
| Image1: | Stalin Full Image.jpg |
| Leader1: | Joseph Stalin |
| Party1: | VKP(b) |
| Alliance1: | Bloc of Communists and Non-Partisans |
| Seats1: | 568 |
| Party2: | Independents |
| Alliance2: | Bloc of Communists and Non-Partisans |
| Seats2: | 159 |
| Prime Minister | |
| Before Election: | Nikolay Bulganin |
| After Election: | Nikolay Bulganin |
| Before Party: | VKP(b) |
| After Party: | VKP(b) |
Legislative elections were held in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic on 26 June 1938, the first after the establishment of the Soviet Union.
The constitution of the USSR was adopted on 5 December 1936, in accordance with which elections were held for new bodies at all levels from local councils and ending with the Supreme Council of the Soviet Union.[1]