1937 Ontario general election explained

Election Name:1937 Ontario general election
Country:Ontario
Type:parliamentary
Ongoing:no
Party Colour:no
Party Name:no
Previous Election:1934 Ontario general election
Previous Year:1934
Previous Mps:19th Legislative Assembly of Ontario
Next Election:1943 Ontario general election
Next Year:1943
Seats For Election:90 seats in the 20th Legislative Assembly of Ontario
46 seats were needed for a majority
Election Date:October 6, 1937
Image1:Mitchell Hepburn1 crop.jpg
Leader1:Mitchell Hepburn
Leader Since1:December 17, 1930
Leaders Seat1:Elgin
Last Election1:65
Seats1:63
Seat Change1:2
Percentage1:49.5%
Swing1:2.4pp
Leader Since2:May 28, 1936
Leaders Seat2:Ran in Simcoe Centre (Lost)
Last Election2:17
Seats2:23
Seat Change2:6
Percentage2:39.4%
Swing2:0.3pp
Image3: CCF
Leader3:
as party president
Leader Since3:April 14, 1934
Leaders Seat3:Ran in Waterloo South (Lost)
Last Election3:1
Seats3:0
Seat Change3:1
Percentage3:5.3%
Swing3:1.7pp
Premier
Posttitle:Premier after election
Before Election:Mitchell Hepburn
After Election:Mitchell Hepburn

The 1937 Ontario general election was held on October 6, 1937, to elect the 90 Members of the 20th Legislative Assembly of Ontario ("MLAs"). It was the 20th general election held in the Province of Ontario.[1]

Campaign

The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Mitchell Hepburn, was re-elected for a second term in government, with a slightly reduced majority in the Legislature.

The Ontario Conservative Party, led by William Earl Rowe, was able to win six additional seats, and continued to form the official opposition.

Meanwhile, the fledgling democratic socialist Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) ran 37 candidates out of a possible 90, led by party president John Mitchell running in Waterloo South, who also campaigned throughout the province on the party's behalf.[2] The election, however, resulted in a modest decline in popular vote and the loss of the party's sole MLA, Sam Lawrence in Hamilton East.

Incumbent MLA Farquhar Oliver was the last remaining United Farmers of Ontario MLA and ran as the party's sole candidate in the election. In practice, however, he had been a supporter of the Liberal government and would join Hepburn's cabinet in 1940, formally joining the Liberal Party.

Riding contests, by number of candidates (1937)
Candidates align="center" Lib align="center" Con align="center" CCF align="center" L-P align="center" UFO align="center" Lab align="center" Frm-Lab align="center" Ind align="center" Ind-Lib align="center" Ind-Con align="center" Soc-Lab align="center" OtherTotal
232 34 1 1 68
330 31 20 1 1 3 3 4 1 1 1 96
417 18 14 1 3 2 3 4 2 6 2 72
56 6 5 1 3 1 1 2 4 1 30
Total85 89 39 4 1 7 6 7 8 5 11 4 266

Outcome

In 1938, MLAs voted to adopt the title "Member of Provincial Parliament", and became known as "MPPs".

This Ontario election was the last to date in which the winning party (together with effective support from the Liberal-Progressives and UFO, against which they did not field opposing candidates) has won an absolute majority of the popular vote.

Results

[3] [4] |-! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party! rowspan=2 | Party leader! colspan=5 | MPPs! colspan=3 | Votes|-! Candidates!1934!Dissol.!1937!±!#!%! ± (pp)|style="text-align:left;"|Mitchell Hepburn| 85 || 64 || 66 || 62 || 2 || 769,747 || 48.99 || 2.43|style="text-align:left;"|William Earl Rowe| 89 || 17 || 17 || 23 || 6 || 619,610 || 39.44 || 0.34|style="text-align:left;"|| 4 || 5 || 4 || 3 || 2 || 24,752 || 1.58 || 1.31|style="text-align:left;"|| 8 ||  - || 1 || 1 || 1 || 20,776 || 1.32 || 0.53|style="text-align:left;"|Farquhar Oliver| 1 || 1 || 1 || 1 || || 7,296 || 0.46 || 0.09|style="text-align:left;"|John Mitchell[5] | 37 || 1 || 1 ||  - || 1 || 77,833 || 4.95 || rowspan="2"| 1.66|style="text-align:left;"|CCF-Labour|style="text-align:left;"|| 2 ||  - ||  - ||  - ||  - || 5,746 || 0.37|style="text-align:left;"|| 7 || 1 || 1 ||  - || 1 || 4,039 || 0.26 || 0.96|style="text-align:left;"||  - || 1 ||  - ||  - || 1 || colspan="3"|Did not campaign|style="text-align:left;"|| 6 ||  - ||  - ||  - ||  - || 14,675 || 0.93 || 0.89|style="text-align:left;"|| 7 ||  - ||  - ||  - ||  - || 11,807 || 0.75 || 0.74|style="text-align:left;"|| 5 ||  - ||  - ||  - ||  - || 8,270 || 0.53 || 0.50|style="text-align:left;"|| 1 ||  - ||  - ||  - ||  - || 3,343 || 0.21 || rowspan="2"| 0.37%|style="text-align:left;"|| 1 ||  - ||  - ||  - ||  - || 408 || 0.03|style="text-align:left;"|| 11 ||  - ||  - ||  - ||  - || 2,199 || 0.14 || 0.04|style="text-align:left;"|| 1 ||  - ||  - ||  - ||  - || 538 || 0.03 || New|style="text-align:left;"|| 1 ||  - ||  - ||  - ||  - || 94 || 0.01 || 0.02|-style="background:#E9E9E9;"|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"|Total|266|90|90|90||1,571,133|100.00%||-|colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|Blank and invalid ballots|align="right"|17,271|style="background:#E9E9E9;" colspan="2"||-style="background:#E9E9E9;"|colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|Registered voters / turnout|2,238,230|71.29%|2.32|}

Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1937 Ontario general election
RidingWinning partyTurnout
[6]
Votes
Name[7] 1934Party Votes Share Margin
#
Margin
%
Lib Con CCF
[8]
UFOLabTotal
 
AddingtonConCon7,146 50.82% 230 1.64% 84.43% 6,916 7,146 14,062
Algoma—ManitoulinLibLib7,092 50.94% 576 4.14% 74.61% 7,092 6,516 313 13,921
BrantL-PLib9,115 74.93% 6,065 49.86% 63.52% 9,115 3,050 12,165
BrantfordIndI-Lib8,094 53.71% 2,602 17.27% 72.24% 5,492 1,483 8,094 15,069
BruceLibLib8,739 56.36% 1,972 12.72% 73.02% 8,739 6,767 15,506
CarletonConCon6,956 58.41% 3,262 27.39% 66.76% 3,694 6,956 1,258 11,908
Cochrane NorthLibLib4,940 52.55% 480 5.11% 72.74% 4,940 4,460 9,400
Cochrane SouthLibLib12,773 48.55% 5,709 21.70% 73.29% 12,773 7,064 6,473 26,310
Dufferin—SimcoeLibCon8,484 53.22% 1,027 6.44% 73.46% 7,457 8,484 15,941
DurhamLibLib7,183 52.23% 614 4.46% 79.19% 7,183 6,569 13,752
ElginLibLib12,361 62.53% 5,308 26.85% 78.08% 12,361 7,053 355 19,769
Essex NorthLibLib7,449 51.85% 2,455 17.09% 73.71% 7,449 4,994 598 1,326 14,367
Essex SouthLibLib7,755 63.51% 3,300 27.03% 64.95% 7,755 4,455 12,210
Fort WilliamLibCon5,731 39.93% 495 3.45% 79.73% 5,236 5,731 1,542 1,845 14,354
GlengarryLibLib6,737 67.20% 3,449 34.40% 72.00% 6,737 3,288 10,025
Grenville—DundasConCon9,288 54.99% 1,685 9.98% 74.84% 7,603 9,288 16,891
Grey NorthL-PL-P8,511 54.21% 2,339 14.90% 77.28% 6,172 1,016 8,511 15,699
Grey SouthUFOUFO7,296 54.95% 1,314 9.90% 71.83% 5,982 7,296 13,278
Haldimand—NorfolkLibLib12,638 56.44% 2,883 12.87% 76.53% 12,638 9,755 22,393
HaltonL-PL-P7,832 55.50% 1,874 13.28% 75.80% 5,958 238 7,832 83 14,111
Hamilton EastCCFLib9,796 47.31% 3,859 18.64% 71.07% 9,796 5,937 4,858 116 20,707
Hamilton CentreLibLib11,959 54.97% 5,839 26.84% 68.33% 11,959 6,120 3,676 21,755
Hamilton—WentworthLibLib11,559 60.83% 5,550 29.21% 73.01% 11,559 6,009 1,434 19,002
Hastings EastConCon7,052 55.88% 1,484 11.76% 84.08% 5,568 7,052 12,620
Hastings WestLibCon9,923 53.56% 1,319 7.12% 76.36% 8,604 9,923 18,527
HuronLibLib7,042 50.86% 1,180 8.52% 76.42% 7,042 5,862 942 13,846
Huron—BruceLibLib8,587 61.08% 3,807 27.08% 74.03% 8,587 4,780 470 222 14,059
KenoraLib6,597 59.27% 2,064 18.54% 67.40% 6,597 4,533 11,130
Kent EastL-PL-P8,250 71.45% 4,953 42.89% 71.04% 3,297 8,250 11,547
Kent WestLibLib10,991 77.72% 7,840 55.44% 55.16% 10,991 3,151 14,142
KingstonConCon8,014 50.59% 187 1.18% 82.28% 7,827 8,014 15,841
Lambton EastLibLib8,598 63.57% 3,670 27.13% 74.79% 8,598 4,928 13,526
Lambton WestLibLib8,341 61.28% 3,070 22.55% 75.29% 8,341 5,271 13,612
LanarkConCon9,103 54.37% 1,462 8.73% 74.22% 7,641 9,103 16,744
LeedsLibCon10,339 51.85% 736 3.69% 79.42% 9,603 10,339 19,942
LincolnLibLib12,547 48.40% 1,146 4.42% 72.76% 12,547 11,401 1,975 25,923
LondonLibLib16,144 55.19% 5,287 18.07% 71.01% 16,144 10,857 2,124 129 29,254
Middlesex NorthLibLib8,476 59.90% 2,801 19.79% 73.29% 8,476 5,675 14,151
Middlesex SouthLibLib8,370 67.22% 4,289 34.45% 67.04% 8,370 4,081 12,451
Muskoka—OntarioL-PLib9,720 52.09% 781 4.19% 77.63% 9,720 8,939 18,659
Niagara FallsLibLib10,225 60.39% 5,085 30.03% 68.83% 10,225 5,140 710 857 16,932
NipissingLibLib8,669 49.46% 2,140 12.21% 73.16% 8,669 6,529 209 2,121 17,528
NorthumberlandLibLib8,873 51.83% 625 3.65% 82.55% 8,873 8,248 17,121
OntarioLibLib9,834 44.13% 2,059 9.24% 77.73% 9,834 7,775 4,598 79 22,286
Ottawa EastLibLib16,920 79.65% 13,134 61.82% 67.75% 16,920 3,786 538 21,244
Ottawa SouthConCon17,443 50.20% 893 2.57% 69.41% 16,550 17,443 69 684 34,746
OxfordLibLib11,812 53.84% 2,712 12.36% 74.87% 11,812 9,100 1,029 21,941
Parry SoundLibLib6,168 53.46% 799 6.93% 75.43% 6,168 5,369 11,537
PeelLibCon8,228 48.88% 279 1.66% 78.68% 7,949 8,228 657 16,834
PerthLibLib15,547 59.80% 5,097 19.61% 75.80% 15,547 10,450 25,997
PeterboroughConLib10,603 48.30% 1,102 5.02% 80.18% 10,603 9,501 1,849 21,953
Port ArthurLibLib8,006 56.34% 3,066 21.58% 73.92% 8,006 4,940 1,263 14,209
PrescottLibLib6,357 53.91% 1,788 15.16% 70.53% 6,357 865 4,569 11,791
Prince Edward—LennoxLibCon7,470 50.69% 202 1.37% 77.80% 7,268 7,470 0 14,738
Rainy RiverLibLib3,460 50.45% 1,318 19.22% 73.47% 3,460 2,142 1,256 0 6,858
Renfrew NorthLibLib6,219 51.16% 282 2.32% 76.19% 6,219 5,937 0 12,156
Renfrew SouthLibLib5,887 47.27% 1,090 8.75% 75.82% 5,887 4,797 1,769 12,453
RussellLibLib6,481 58.65% 3,415 30.90% 67.89% 6,481 3,066 1,504 11,051
Sault Ste. MarieLibLib7,134 49.47% 646 4.48% 77.42% 7,134 6,488 798 14,420
Simcoe CentreLibLib8,375 54.19% 1,294 8.37% 77.08% 8,375 7,081 15,456
Simcoe EastLibCon7,606 50.34% 103 0.68% 71.31% 7,503 7,606 15,109
StormontLibLib10,409 64.33% 4,638 28.67% 71.94% 10,409 5,771 16,180
SudburyLibLib12,850 55.59% 5,470 23.66% 70.21% 12,850 7,380 2,236 650 23,116
TemiskamingLibLib5,966 46.70% 210 1.64% 71.11% 5,966 5,756 1,053 12,775
VictoriaLibCon9,372 50.92% 339 1.84% 82.42% 9,033 9,372 18,405
Waterloo NorthLibLib13,466 62.64% 9,302 43.27% 62.02% 13,466 3,322 493 4,164 53 21,498
Waterloo SouthLibLib9,064 53.63% 3,367 19.92% 71.69% 9,064 5,697 2,140 16,901
WellandLibLib9,994 53.78% 2,946 15.85% 73.93% 9,994 7,048 1,542 18,584
Wellington NorthLibLib8,704 55.19% 1,636 10.37% 75.62% 8,704 7,068 15,772
Wellington SouthLibLib8,897 54.69% 2,091 12.85% 78.59% 8,897 566 6,806 16,269
WentworthLibLib10,068 54.08% 4,348 23.36% 69.59% 10,068 5,720 2,480 348 18,616
Windsor—WalkervilleLibLib10,090 58.02% 4,057 23.33% 71.88% 10,090 6,033 1,269 17,392
Windsor—SandwichLibLib9,155 61.79% 5,694 38.43% 61.08% 9,155 3,461 2,063 138 14,817
York EastConCon11,260 39.43% 209 0.73% 63.90% 11,051 11,260 6,008 235 28,554
York NorthLibLib10,867 53.11% 2,680 13.10% 71.89% 10,867 8,187 1,058 350 20,462
York SouthConCon10,348 38.20% 904 3.34% 66.95% 9,444 10,348 6,985 37 273 27,087
York WestLibLib11,607 44.55% 1,200 4.61% 57.90% 11,607 10,407 2,622 1,307 110 26,053
BeachesConCon7,915 42.29% 725 3.87% 68.09% 7,190 7,915 3,611 18,716
BellwoodsLibLib11,772 68.72% 6,712 39.18% 65.34% 11,772 5,060 298 17,130
BracondaleConLib7,558 44.24% 29 0.17% 69.41% 7,558 7,529 1,997 17,084
DovercourtConCon10,396 47.47% 2,003 9.15% 63.24% 8,393 10,396 2,668 159 284 21,900
EglintonLibLib14,809 48.75% 1,104 3.63% 71.07% 14,809 13,705 1,861 30,375
High ParkConCon9,443 46.95% 2,152 10.70% 64.43% 7,291 9,443 3,380 20,114
ParkdaleConCon10,583 44.39% 127 0.53% 64.01% 10,456 10,583 2,802 23,841
RiverdaleLibCon11,082 46.23% 2,761 11.52% 66.19% 8,321 11,082 4,477 94 23,974
St. AndrewLibLib6,434 36.80% 151 0.86% 71.31% 6,434 3,888 878 6,283 17,483
St. DavidConLib7,703 43.18% 839 4.70% 67.02% 7,703 6,864 2,315 850 107 17,839
St. GeorgeLibLib10,071 49.81% 1,414 6.99% 62.63% 10,071 8,657 1,490 20,218
St. PatrickLibLib6,161 48.45% 672 5.28% 64.58% 6,161 5,489 947 119 12,716
WoodbineConCon9,756 43.68% 2,331 10.44% 63.26% 7,425 9,756 5,152 22,333

= open seat

= turnout is above provincial average

= winning candidate was in previous Legislature

= incumbent switched allegiance for the election

= incumbency arose from byelection gain

= other incumbents renominated

= previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada

= multiple candidates

= campaigned as CCF-Labour candidates

Analysis

Party candidates in 2nd place
Party in 1st place Party in 2nd place Total
Lib Con Lab F-Lab I-Lib I-Con
58 1 1 1 1 62
23 23
3 3
1 1
1 1
Total23 63 1 1 1 1 90
Candidates ranked 1st to 5th place, by party
Parties 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th Total
62 23 85
23 63 3 89
3 1 4
1 1 5 1 8
1 1
1 5 6
1 2 3 1 7
1 4 5
32 5 37
3 3 1 7
2 2
1 7 3 11
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1

Seats that changed hands

Elections to the 20th Parliament of Ontario – seats won/lost by party, 1934–1937
Party1934Gain from (loss to)1937
LibConL-ProI-LibUFOCCFL-LInd
64 3 (9) 2 1 1 62
17 9 (3) 23
5 (2) 3
 - 1 1
1 1
1 (1)  -
1 (1)  -
1 (1)  -
Total 90 9 (7) 3 (9) 2  -  - (1)  -  - 1  - 1  - 1  - 90

There were 17 seats that changed allegiance in the election.

Liberal to Conservative
Conservative to Liberal
Liberal-Progressive to Liberal
CCF to Liberal
Liberal-Labour to Liberal
Independent to Independent-Liberal
Source !!colspan="6"
Party
align="center" Lib align="center" Cons align="center" Lib-Pr align="center" UFO align="center" I-LibTotal
Seats retained Incumbents returned 42 11 3 1 57
Open seats held13 3 16
Seats changing hands Incumbents defeated4 9 13
Byelection gain held1 1
Incumbent changed allegiance2 1 3
Total62 23 3 1 1 90

See also

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 1937 General Election . Elections Ontario . January 3, 2021.
  2. News: 266 to contest Ontario seats. 7 February 2016. Montreal Gazette. 30 September 1937.
  3. Web site: 1937 General Election. . elections.on.ca . . August 19, 2023.
  4. News: . October 7, 1937. Vote by Constituencies in Provincial Election. . 25. Supplementary correction for T.A. Blakelock (Halton) - he was nominated, and campaigned, as a Liberal-Progressive): News: . April 26, 1934. Blakelock Again Unanimous Choice. The Georgetown Herald. 2.
  5. party president
  6. including spoilt ballots
  7. order is as given in EO reports
  8. Includes CCf-Labour candidates