1936 in paleontology explained

Plants

Ferns and fern allies

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Synonymized taxa	Notes	Images
Asplenium alaskanum^[1]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			First described as a Dennstaedtia species. Moved in part to Dryopteris alaskana in 1977^[2]
Dennstaedtia blomstrandi^[3]	Comb nov	valid	(Heer) Hollick	Eocene	Ny-Ålesund suite			A Dennstaedtia species. Moved from Sphenopteris blomstrandii (1868)
Dryopteris meyeri	Comb nov	Isonym	(Heer) Hollick	Miocene Tortonian	Öhningen			A Thelypteris species. Moved from Aspidium hamiltonensis (1854) Move isonymic to move by Jablonszky (1914)^[4] Moved to Thelypteris meyeri in 1968^[5]
Hausmannia atwoodi	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Herendeen Bay flora"			A nymphaeaceous Castaliites species. Moved to Castaliites atwoodii in 1976^[6]
Osmunda dubiosa	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Cape Douglas flora"			First described as an Osmunda species. Moved to Cladophlebis dubiosa in 1983 Moved to Osmundastrum dubiosum in 1988
Pteris inequilateralis	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			First described as a Pteris species. Moved in part to Cyathea inequilateralis in 1977

Conifers

Cupressaceae

Flowering plants

Magnoliids

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Synonymized taxa	Notes	Images
Cinnamomum cinnamomeum	Comb nov		(Rossmässler) Hollick	Tortonian	Öhningen			A cinnamon relative
Cinnamomum ficoides	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Russel Creek Flora"			A cinnamon relative
Laurus hamiltonensis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Hamilton Bay flora"			A laurel relative
Malapoenna magnifica	Comb nov	jr homonym	(Saporta) Hollick	Oligocene Chattian				Combination a jr homonym of Malapoenna magnifica (Kuntze, 1891) First described as Litsea magnifica (1865) Moved back to Litsea magnifica in (?1952) Moved to Neolitsea magnifica in (1975)
Persea spatiosa	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			First described as an avocado relative Moved to Luvunga spatioea in 1977.
Piper chapini	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A pepper family species
Piper concavum	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Grade Trail cabin flora"			A pepper family species
Piper convertabilis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A pepper family species
Piper disputabilis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Canyon Creek flora"			A pepper family species
Piper septentrionalis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik Lake flora"			A pepper family species
Sassafras alaskanum	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Hamilton Bay flora"			A Sassafras relative

Basal Eudicots and unplaced core Eudicots

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Synonymized taxa	Notes	Images
Dillenia alaskana	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chiguik River flora"			A Dillenia species.
Dillenites ceterus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Hamilton Bay flora"			A Dillenia species.
Dillenites ellipticus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Hamilton Bay flora"			A Dillenia species. Includes one variety D. e. ulmifolius
Grevillea alaskana	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Troublesome Gulch flora"			A Grevillea species.
Hakea alaskana	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A Hakea species.
Macclintockia chignikensis	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik River flora"			First described as a Macclintockia species. Synonymized into Cercidiphyllum arcticum in 1939
Platanus rectinervis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Rampart flora"			A Platanus species.

Superasterids

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Synonymized taxa	Notes	Images
Aralia delicatula	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Point Divide flora"			An Aralia species.
Coccolobis chapini	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A Coccoloba species. Moved to Coccoloba chapini in 1952
Cornus irregularis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Mount Chezum flora"			A dogwood species.
Fraxinus inordinata	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik Bay flora"			An ash species.
Fraxinus lateralis	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			First described as an ash species. Synonymized into Platycarya pseudobrauni in 1977
Fraxinus? pseudobliqua	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik Bay flora"			A possible ash species.
Fraxinus yukonensis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Mogul Creek flora"			An ash species.
Mohrodendron inopinum	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			First described as a Mohrodendron species Moved to Halesia inopinum in 1952
Rhododendron crassum	Sp nov	jr homonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			A rhododendron species. A jr homonym of Rhododendron crassum (Franch, 1887)
Saurauia alaskana	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Hamilton Bay Flora"			A kiwi relative.
Viburnum aequale	Sp nov	Valid	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Point Divide flora"			A viburnum species.
Viburnum duriusculum	Sp nov	Valid	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Point Divide flora"			A viburnum species.
Viburnum evexum	Sp nov	Valid	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik Bay flora"			A viburnum species.
Viburnum obliquum	Sp nov	Valid	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A viburnum species.

Superrosids

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Synonymized taxa	Notes	Images
Abutilon eakini	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Point Divide flora"			First described as an Abutilon species. Moved to Cocculus eakinii in 1983^[8]
Acacia aquilonia	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Kootznahoo Inlet flora"			An Acacia species.
Acer disputabilis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Pumicestone Creek flora"			A maple species.
Acer visibilis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Rampart flora"			A maple species.
Alnus alnifolia	Comb nov		(Göppert) Hollick	Tortonian				An alder species. First described as Carpinus alnifolia (1855)
Artocarpidium alaskanum	Comb nov		Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			A moraceous species.
Artocarpus ordinarius	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Rampart flora"			A jackfruit relative.
Betula confusa var. lata	Var nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Bluff Point flora"			A Betula confusa variety.
Betula dubiosa	Sp nom nov		Hollick	Tortonian				A birch species. A new name for Betula macrophylla (Goeppert) (1868) Homonym of Betula macrophylla (Ettingshausen) (1852) First described as Alnus macrophylla (1855)
Betula populoides	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik River flora"			A birch species.
Carpinites truncatus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Nenana coal field			A Carpinites betulaceous leaf morphospecies.
Celastrus comparabilis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Dalton's coal outcrop flora"			A staff vine species.
Cissus cissoides	Comb nov		Hollick	Paleocene Thanetian			Cissus primaeva (1868)	A grapevine species. Moved from Vitigene cissoides (1865)
Cissus pterospermoides	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Dalton's coal outcrop flora"			A staff vine species.
Corylus adumbrata	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A hazelnut species.
Corylus evidens	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Cape Nukhshak flora"			A hazelnut species.
Corylus kenaiana	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Kachemak Bay flora"		Corylus macquarrii (of Heer, 1869 pro parte)	A hazelnut species.
Crataegus alaskensis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Cape Douglas flora"			A hawthorn species.
Crataegus cappsii	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Nenana coal field			A hawthorn species.
Crataegus yukonensis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Drew's mine flora"			A hawthorn species.
Cupania comparabilis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Cape Nukhshak flora"			A Cupania species.
Dolichos convexus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A Dolichos species.
Dryophyllum aquilonium	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A Dryophyllum species.
Elaeocarpus alaskensis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Bluff Point flora"			An Elaeocarpus species.
Euonymus pacificus	Sp nov		Brown	Miocene	Mascall Formation			A strawberry bush species.
Fagus alnitifolia	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Troublesome Gulch flora"			A beech species.
Ficus menzeli	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A fig species.
Ficus overbecki	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Nenana coal field			A fig species.
Ficus stantoni	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik Bay flora"			A fig species.
Grewia orbiculata	Sp nov	jr homonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Rampart flora"			A Grewia species. jr homonym of Grewia orbiculata (Rottler, 1803)
Grewia zizyphoides	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Nun point flora"			A Grewia species.
Grewiopsis alaskana	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik Bay flora"			First described as a Grewiopsis species. Moved to Dicotylophyllum alaskanum in 1966)^[9]
Grewiopsis congerminalis	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Mogul Creek flora"			First described as a Grewiopsis species. Moved to Cordia congerminalis in 1984)^[10]
Grewiopsis defectivus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Hamilton Bay flora"			A Grewiopsis species.
Grewiopsis frustratorius	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene				A Grewiopsis species.
Grewiopsis grandiculus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Nun point flora"			A Grewiopsis species.
Hamamelis clarus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Mogul Creek flora"			A witch-hazel species.
Hampea conditionalis	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Dalton's coal flora"			First described as a Hampea species. Moved to Paratinomiscium conditionalis in 1977
Juglans longiapiculata	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Hamilton Bay flora"			A walnut species.
Juglans? pseudopunctata	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Fritz Creek flora"			A possible walnut species.
Juglans valida	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Hamilton Bay flora"			A walnut species.
Koelreuteria eakini	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Rampart flora"			A Paullinia species.
Lepargyraea weaveri	Sp nov	jr synonym	(Hollick) LaMotte	Paleocene - Eocene	"Kachemak Bay flora"			First described as a Lepargyraea species Moved to Shepherdia weaveri in (1952)
Myrica banksiaefolia curta	Var nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Cape Douglas flora"			A wax-myrtle variety.
Paliurus ceterus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A Paliurus species.
Paullinia alaskana	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Drew's mine flora"			A Paullinia species.
Pithecollobium ceterum	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Drew mine flora"			A blackbead species.
Planera aquaticiformis	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			First described as a water elm species. Synonymized with Platycarya pseudobrauni in 1977
Populus congerminalis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Cape Nukhshak flora"			A cottonwood species.
Populus flexuosa	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Admiralty Island flora"			Described as a Populus species. synonymized into Cercidlphyllum arcticum in 1939
Populus obscura	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik River flora"			Described as a Populus species. synonymized into Cercidlphyllum arcticum in 1939
Prunus hartungi var. aequalis	Var nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	" Bluff Point flora"			A cherry variety.
Pterocarya septentrionale	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Moose Creek flora"			A wingnut species.
Pterospermites auriculaecordatus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Moose Creek flora"			First described as a Pterospermites species. Moved to Grewiopsis auriculicordatus in 1966
Pterospermites conjunctivus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Chignik Bay flora"			A Pterospermites species.
Pterospermites imparilis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Moose Creek flora"			A Pterospermites species.
Quercus conjunctiva	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A oak species.
Rhamnus pseudogoldianus	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Rampart flora"			A buckthorn species.
Rosa cetera	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	Matanuska coal field			A rose species.
Rosa confirmata	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Bluff Point flora"			A rose species.
Salix alaskana	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Bradley Coal flora"			A willow species.
Semecarpus alaskana	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			First described as a Semecarpus species. Moved to Melanorrhoea alaskana in 1977 Recombined as Gluta alaskana.
Semecarpus prindlei	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Bryant Creek flora"			A Semecarpus species.
Sophora multiformis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Drew's mine flora"			A Sophora species.
Spiraea weaveri	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Fritz Creek flora"			A bridal wreath species.
Tilia grewioides	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Kootznahoo Inlet flora"			A Tilia species.
Tilia notabilis	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Kootznahoo Inlet flora"			A Tilia species.
Ulmus pseudobraunii	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation			First described as an elm species. Moved to Platycarya pseudobrauni in 1977
Vitis atwoodi	Sp nov		Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Kootznahoo inlet flora"			A grape species.

Other flowering plants

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Synonymized taxa	Notes	Images
Antholithes castaneoides	Sp nov	Valid	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Moose Creek flora"			Stellate inflorescences of uncertain affinity Similar to Quercus, Fagus, & Castanea Placed in form genus Antholites
Carpolithes auriformis	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"King Salmon Lake flora"			A fruit of initial uncertain affinity First placed in form genus Carpolithes Moved to Diploclisia auriformis in 1994^[11] Moved to Stephania auriformis in 2017^[12]
Carpolithes elytraeformis	Sp nov	jr synonym	Hollick	Late Eocene	Kulthieth Formation	United States		A fruit of initial uncertain affinity First placed in form genus Carpolithes Moved toPalaeophytocrene elytraeformis in 1977
Palaeanthus prindlei	Sp nov	Valid	Hollick	Paleocene/Eocene	"Bryant Creek flora"			A probable flower of uncertain affinity Placed in form genus Palaeanthus

Arthropods

Insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Micropterix proavitella^[13]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Rebel	Early Eocene	Baltic amber		Moved to Baltimartyria proavitella in 1995
Fibla exusta^[14]	Comb nov	valid	(Cockerell & Custer)	Eocene Priabonian	Florissant Formation		An inocelliid snakefly Moved from Inocellia exusta (1925)^[15]
Raphidia elegans	Comb nov	jr synonym	(Cockerell)	Eocene Priabonian	Florissant Formation	United States	A raphidiid snakefly Moved from Megaraphidia elegans (1907)^[16] Moved back to M. elegans in 2014^[17]

Archosauromorphs

Dinosaurs

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.^[18]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Nipponosaurus^[19]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Nagao	Cretaceous (late Santonian-early Campanian)	upper Yezo Group		A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid. The type species is N. sachalinensis
Segisaurus^[20]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Camp	Jurassic Pliensbachian	Navajo Sandstone		A coelophysoid theropod The type species is S. halli

Pterosaurs

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Belesodon	Junior synonym	von Huene	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Santa Maria Formation		Junior synonym of Chiniquodon.
Cerdorhinus	Valid	Broom	Middle Permian	Middle Abrahamskraal Formation		A gorgonopsian.
Chiniquodon	Valid	von Huene	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Santa Maria Formation		A member of Chiniquodontidae.
Dinogorgon	Valid	Broom	Late Permian	Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone		A gorgonopsian.
Dinosuchus	Preoccupied	Broom	Middle Permian	Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone		A member of Dinocephalia.
Galerhynchus	Valid	Broom	Late Permian	Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone		A gorgonopsian.
Nanictosaurus	Valid	Broom	Late Permian	Dicynodon Assemblage Zone		A member of Thrinaxodontidae.
Notaelurops	Junior synonym	Broom	Late Permian	Dicynodon Assemblage Zone		A junior synonym of Theriognathus.
Parathrinaxodon	Nomen oblitum	Parrington	Late Permian	Kawinga Formation		A junior synonym of Procynosuchus.
Sysphinctostoma	Junior synonym	Broili and Schroeder	Early Triassic	Cynognathus Assemblage Zone		A junior synonym of Diademodon.
Traversodon	Valid	von Huene	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Santa Maria Formation		A traversodontid.

Notes and References

1. Hollick . A. . Smith . P. . 1936 . The Tertiary floras of Alaska, with a chapter on the geology of the Tertiary deposits . Professional Paper . United States Geological Survey . 1-185 . free . 182 . 10.3133/pp182.
2. Wolfe . J.A. . 1977 . Paleogene floras from the Gulf of Alaska region . Professional Paper . United States Geological Survey . 997 . 1–108 . 10.3133/pp997 . free .
3. Hollick . A. . Smith . P. . 1936 . The Tertiary floras of Alaska, with a chapter on the geology of the Tertiary deposits . Professional Paper . United States Geological Survey . 1-185 . free . 182 . 10.3133/pp182.
4. Jablonszky . J. . A tarnóci mediterrán korú flóra . A Magyar Királyi Földtani Intézet évkönyve . 22 . 14 . 227–273.
5. Reed . C. . Index Thelypteridis . Phytologia . 17 . 14 . 249–328.
6. Rüffle . L. . Myricaceae, Leguminosae, Icacinaceae, Sterculiaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Monocotyledones, Coniferae . Abhandlungen des Zentralen Geologischen Instituts . 26 . 337–438.
7. Book: LaMotte . R.S. . 1952 . Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950 . Geological Society of America Memoirs . . 51 . 10.1130/MEM51.
8. Book: History of the Arctic flora of the Early Cainozoic . Budantsev . L. . 1983 . Saint Petersburg . Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", Leningradskoe otdelenie . 37.
9. Wolfe . J.A. . 1966 . Tertiary plants from the Cook Inlet region, Alaska . Professional Paper . United States Geological Survey . 398 . 1–32 . 10.3133/pp398B . free .
10. Chelebaeva . A. . 1984 . Genus Cordia (Boraginaceae) in the Palaeogene of Kamchatka and adjacent territories . Botanicheskii Zhurnal . 69 . 5 . 605–615.
11. Manchester . S.R. . Fruits and Seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon . 1994 . Palaeontographica Americana . 58 . 30–31.
12. Han . M. . Manchester . S. . Fu . Q.-Y.. Jin . J.-H. . Quan . C. . 2018 . Paleogene fossil fruits of Stephania (Menispermaceae) from North America and East Asia . Journal of Systematics and Evolution . 56 . 2 . 81–91 . 10.1111/jse.12288 . 90749898 .
13. Mey . Wolfram . On the systematic position of Baltimartyria Skalski, 1995 and description of a new species from Baltic amber (Lepidoptera, Micropterigidae) . ZooKeys . 2011 . 130 . 331–342 . 10.3897/zookeys.130.1480 . 22259287 . 3260770. free .
14. Carpenter . F.M. . 1936 . Revision of the Nearctic Raphidiodea (Recent and Fossil) . Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . 89 . 2 . 89–158 . 20023217. 10.2307/20023217 .
15. Cockerell . T. D. A. . Custer . C. . 1925 . A New Fossil Inocellia (Neuroptera) from Florissant . The Entomologist . 58 . 295-297.
16. Cockerell . T. . 1909 . Some fossil arthropods from Florissant, Colorado. . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History . 23 . 605-616.
17. Makarkin . V. . Archibald . S. . 2014 . A revision of the late Eocene snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of the Florissant Formation, Colorado, with special reference to the wing venation of the Raphidiomorpha . Zootaxa . 3784 . 4 . 401–444 . 10.11646/zootaxa.3784.4.4 . 24872063.
18. Web site: Olshevsky . George . Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List . 2008-08-07 . 2011-07-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110715102453/http://www.polychora.com/dinolist.html . dead .
19. Nagao, T. 1936. Nipponosaurus sachalinensis, a new genus and species of trachodont dinosaur from Japanese Saghalien. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Hokkaido, Geology and Minerals 3 (2): pp. 185-220.
20. Camp . C.L. . 1936 . A new type of small bipedal dinosaur from the Navajo Sandstone of Arizona . Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci. . 24 . 39–56.