| Election Name: | 1934 Wisconsin gubernatorial election |
| Country: | Wisconsin |
| Flag Year: | 1913 |
| Type: | Presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1932 Wisconsin gubernatorial election |
| Previous Year: | 1932 |
| Next Election: | 1936 Wisconsin gubernatorial election |
| Next Year: | 1936 |
| Election Date: | November 6, 1934 |
| Image1: | File:Philip La Follette (1935).jpg |
| Nominee1: | Philip La Follette |
| Party1: | Wisconsin Progressive Party |
| Popular Vote1: | 373,093 |
| Percentage1: | 39.12% |
| Nominee2: | Albert G. Schmedeman |
| Party2: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote2: | 359,467 |
| Percentage2: | 37.69% |
| Image3: | File:Howard T. Greene.jpg |
| Nominee3: | Howard T. Greene |
| Party3: | Republican Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote3: | 172,980 |
| Percentage3: | 18.14% |
| Map Size: | 250px |
| Governor | |
| Before Election: | Albert G. Schmedeman |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Philip La Follette |
| After Party: | Wisconsin Progressive Party |
The 1934 Wisconsin gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1934. Primary elections were held on September 18, 1934. Incumbent Democratic Governor Albert G. Schmedeman was defeated by Progressive nominee Philip La Follette. As of 2022, this is the last time Green Lake County voted for the Democratic nominee for governor and the last time that Waushara County did not vote for the Republican candidate.
With the onset of the Great Depression, Wisconsin's Republican factionalism had reached a breaking point, as Stalwarts and Progressives had grown increasingly estranged due to a growingly divergent outlook on the world. In 1928 the stalwarts had won the primary and nominated wealthy business leader Walter Kohler over Joseph Beck, defeating Madison mayor Albert Schmedemann. Two years later progressive scion Philip La Follette became governor, once again reasserting control of the party on the part of progressives. Despite taking several actions to curb the economic crisis, La Follette was unable to effectively articulate the achievements of his administration to primary voters, and with the factor of being outspent by the wealthy Kohler, went down in defeat in the primary, as Stalwarts once again retook control of the party. This time, in 1932, the Republicans went down in defeat against Schmedemann, who was propelled to victory by the election of New York governor Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
With this defeat, La Follette returned to his private life, but various factions within and beyond the Republican party began stirring for the formation of a new third party. This third party eventually culminated in the founding of the Wisconsin progressive party in 1934. After successfully suing the Secretary of State, La Follette and his supporters were able to hold a third party primary, and run under that label in the general election. Despite this, La Follette held reservations about running on the same ticket as his brother, Robert La Follette Jr., as he feared voters would reject "too much La Follette." In spite of this concern, he eventually threw his hat into the wring with tacit support from the Roosevelt administration.
The Communist, Prohibition and Socialist Labor parties were forced to run candidates as independents, as they were not recognized as legal parties due to failing to poll the required number of votes in past primary elections.[8]