1932 in aviation explained

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1932:

Events

• The Canadian Siskins aerobatic team is retired.
• James Work founds the Brewster Aeronautical Corporation.^[1]
• Richard Ormonde Shuttleworth buys 1928 de Havilland DH.60X Moth G-EBWD, which he bases at Old Warden airfield in Bedfordshire, England, where it remains (as of 2012)  - the longest continuous base for a single aircraft in aviation history.^[2]
• The French Armys Aéronautique Militaire retires the last of its Breguet 14 aircraft. The Breguet 14 had been in service since 1917.^[3]

January

• January 20 – Imperial Airways weekly airmail service is extended through Africa as far as Cape Town.
• January 26 – After the Stinson Model R prototype he is piloting runs out of fuel over Lake Michigan during a demonstration flight from Chicago, Illinois, Edward "Eddie" Stinson – the founder of the Stinson Aircraft Company – attempts to land the plane on a golf course. The plane's wing strikes a flagpole a shears off, and the plane crashes, killing Stinson and injuring the other three people on board.
• January 29 – Imperial Japanese Navy seaplanes from the seaplane carrier Notoro attack Nationalist Chinese military positions in Shanghai, China, beginning Japanese air operations in the Shanghai Incident. The operations, which will continue into February, are the first significant military air operations to take place in East Asia.
• January 30 – The Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft carrier Kaga arrives in Chinese territorial waters at the outbreak of the Shanghai Incident. The Japanese Navys use of aircraft carriers in the Shanghai Incident is history's first significant combat use of carrier-borne airpower.^[4]

February

• February 1 – The Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft carrier Hōshō joins the carrier Kaga in Chinese territorial waters during the Shanghai Incident.
• February 5 – The first air-to-air clash of the Shanghai Incident takes place, between five Japanese aircraft from the aircraft carrier Hōshō and nine Nationalist Chinese fighters.^[5]
• February 14 – Ruth Nichols sets a new altitude record for a diesel-powered aircraft, 6047m (19,839feet) in a modified Lockheed Vega.
• February 22 – During the Shanghai Incident, three Imperial Japanese Navy Nakajima A1N2 fighters from the aircraft carrier Kaga score the first air-to-air kill in Japanese history, shooting down a Nationalist Chinese Boeing fighter piloted by an American volunteer.

March

• During the German election campaign of March–April 1932, Adolf Hitler becomes the first politician in history to use air travel to make political campaign appearances in several cities and towns possible in a single day, flying with planes operated by Deutsche Luft Hansa. Before the campaign ends in the election of April 10, 1932, Hitler will speak in 46 cities and towns during two one-week-long "Flights Over Germany."^[6]
• The final Avro 504 leaves the production line. The type has been in continuous production for nineteen years.
• March 6 – The Couzinet 33 passenger aircraft Biarritz sets out from France to establish the first air link between France and New Caledonia.
• March 20 – Luftschiffbau Zeppelin begins regular transatlantic services between Germany and Recife, Brazil, using the dirigible Graf Zeppelin. The service will continue until 1936, averaging one round-trip per month.^[7]
• March 24–28 – Jim Mollison sets a new speed record between the United Kingdom and Cape Town, taking 4 days 17 hours in a de Havilland Puss Moth
• March 25 – Dobrolyot is expanded into a USSR-wide service and has its name changed to Aeroflot

April

• The Spanish airline LAPE begins operations.
• April 1 – Hillman's Airways begins its first scheduled service, flying between Romford and Clacton-on-Sea, England, using a de Havilland Puss Moth and a de Havilland Fox Moth.
• April 5 – The Couzinet 33 passenger aircraft Biarritz lands at La Tontouta, New Caledonia, establishing the first air link between France and New Caledonia. It had departed France on March 6.
• April 16  - Record-setting aviator Frank Hawks is injured and his Travel Air Type R Mystery Ship Texaco 13 is badly damaged when he crashes on takeoff from a soggy field at Worcester, Massachusetts. He recovers and the airplane is repaired.
• April 19–28  - C. W. A. Scott sets a new solo speed record between the United Kingdom and Darwin, Australia, taking 8 days 20 hours in a de Havilland Gipsy Moth
• April 27  - Imperial Airways commences a regular passenger service to Cape Town, South Africa.

May

• The Egyptian Air Force is formed
• May 9  - Captain Albert Hegenberger makes the first completely blind solo flight entirely on instruments, in a Consolidated NY-2.
• May 11  - Tragedy strikes as the United States Navy dirigible attempts to land in front of thousands of spectators at Camp Kearny in San Diego, California, after a 77-hour flight from Naval Air Station Lakehurst, New Jersey, when Akron suddenly lurches upward, surprising the sailors handling her lines. Four men cling to a line as Akron rises; one falls from a height of 15abbr=offNaNabbr=off and survives with a broken arm, but two others fall to their deaths from altitudes of between 100and. Dangling 200abbr=offNaNabbr=off below Akron, the fourth man, Seaman Apprentice C. M. "Bud" Cowart, is carried out to sea at an altitude of 2000abbr=offNaNabbr=off and finally is reeled aboard Akron after two hours on the rope.^[8]
• May 15  - 1932 Kimberley rescue: German pilot Hans Bertram and mechanic Adolph Klausmann, attempting a global circumnavigation eastabout in a Junkers W 33 seaplane, endure a storm in the Timor Sea, forcing them to land off a remote part of the Kimberley coast of north-western Australia. The stranded men spend almost six weeks severely deprived of food and water and are close to death when rescued by a search party of aborigines on June 22.
• May 17  - Flying an Avro Avian IV, Beryl Markham completes a flight of approximately 6000miles from Nairobi, Kenya, to Heston Aerodrome outside London, England. She had departed Nairobi on 24 April and flown via Sudan, Egypt, the Mediterranean Sea, and Europe in seven days of actual flying, with several forced landings and stops for engine repairs along the way. Despite having only 127 hours of flight time as a pilot before attempting the trip, she makes the flight without a radio and navigates by sight. She will make the return flight to Kenya a few months later.^{[9] [10]}
• May 20–21  - Amelia Earhart, flying a Lockheed Vega, becomes the first woman to make a solo flight across the North Atlantic, flying from Harbour Grace in Newfoundland to Derry in Northern Ireland in 14 hours 54 minutes.^[11]

June

• June 7  - Misr Airlines, which later will become EgyptAir, is founded. It will begin flight operations in July 1933.
• June 24  - In the Soviet Union, Leningrad's Shosseynaya Airport (the future Pulkovo Airport) opens. Its first flight, an aircraft carrying passengers and mail, arrives late in the afternoon after a two-hour-and-a-half-hour flight from Moscow.
• June 29  - A Curtiss F9C Sparrowhawk parasite fighter hooks onto the U.S. Navy dirigible for the first time.

July

• In an early use of air travel to make political campaign appearances in several cities and towns possible in a single day, Adolf Hitler makes his third "Flight Over Germany," a 14-day trip by air in which he makes appearances at 50 urban mass meetings. Hitler had pioneered the use of air travel in political campaigns with his first two "Flights Over Germany" during the March–April 1932 German election campaign.^[6]
• July 16  - During a flight from Santiago, Chile, to Governor Francisco Gabrielli International Airport in Mendoza, Argentina, the Pan American-Grace Airways (Panagra) Ford 5-AT-C Trimotor San José (registration NC403H) crashes on Chile's Cerro El Plomo in the Andes Mountains during a severe snowstorm, killing all nine people on board. Buried in ice and snow, its wreckage will remain undiscovered until March 1934.^[12]
• July 21 – Wolfgang von Gronau sets out to make a round-the-world trip in a Dornier Wal. One hundred and eleven days later, it will be the first such trip made in a flying boat.
• July 23 – Aviation pioneer Alberto Santos-Dumont hangs himself.

August

• August 14 – Alexei M. Cheremukhin, co-designer (with Boris Yuriev) of the Soviet TsAGI 1-EA pioneering single lift rotor helicopter, takes the 1-EA to an unofficial record altitude for helicopters of the era, of 605abbr=offNaNabbr=off.
• August 14–28 – The third International Tourist Aircraft Contest Challenge 1932 takes place in Berlin. The Polish crew of Franciszek Zwirko and Stanislaw Wigura win it in the RWD-6 plane.
• August 14–23  - Frances Mersalis and Louise Thaden set a women's flight endurance record of 8 days 4 hours.
• August 18 – Auguste Piccard and Max Cosyns set a new world altitude record for human fight, rising in a balloon to an altitude of 16201abbr=offNaNabbr=off.
• August 18–19 – Jim Mollison makes the first solo east-to-west crossing of the Atlantic, flying his de Havilland Puss Moth G-ABXY The Heart's Content from near Dublin to New Brunswick.^[13]
• August 21–27 – The 7363km (4,575miles) Challenge 1932 air race over Europe takes place.
• August 23 – Panama establishes its Civil Aviation Authority.
• August 24–25  - Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to make a nonstop solo flight across North America, flying from Los Angeles, California, to Newark, New Jersey. The flight also sets a women's endurance record of 19 hours 5 minutes and a women's nonstop distance record of 3938abbr=offNaNabbr=off.

September

• September 3 – Jimmy Doolittle sets a new landplane airspeed record of 296mph in the Gee Bee R-1
• September 5 – Movie stunt pilot Al Wilson is killed in his 1910 pusher biplane after a collision with an autogiro.
• September 7 – Thomas Settle and Winfield Bushnell set a new balloon distance record of 1550km (960miles) between Basel, Switzerland and Wilno, Poland.
• September 11 – The Challenge 1932 winners, Polish pilots Franciszek Zwirko and Stanislaw Wigura, die in an air crash.
• September 16 – Cyril Uwins sets a new heavier-than-air altitude record of 43976feet in a Vickers Vespa.
• September 20  - Transcontinental and Western Air signs a contract with Douglas Aircraft for the development of the Douglas Commercial Model 1, or Douglas DC-1.^[14] A revolutionary all-metal twin-engine airliner,^[14] the DC-1 soon will give rise to the Douglas DC-2 and the legendary Douglas DC-3.
• September 25 – Lewis Yancey sets an autogyro altitude record of 21500feet in a Pitcairn PCA-2

October

• October 7 – First flight of the Stipa-Caproni, a prototype aircraft employing Luigi Stipas "intubed propeller" concept, a forerunner of jet propulsion and the ducted fan for aircraft.
• October 8 – The Indian Air Force is founded as an auxiliary air force of the Indian Empire.
• October 15 – Tata Sons opens an airmail route between Karachi and Madras, the first regular air service within India and origin of Air India.
• October 18 – As French aviator Jean Marmoz takes off from Istres, France, in the Bernard 81 GR to attempt to set a new unrefueled nonstop closed-circuit world distance record, he notices slackness and vibration in the ailerons and large oscillations of the wings. He dumps fuel and aborts the flight.

November

• November 10 – British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin states in a speech that "The bomber will always get through."
• November 14–18 – Amy Johnson breaks the United Kingdom-to-Cape Town speed record, shaving 11 hours off Mollison's record set in March. She flies a de Havilland Puss Moth.
• November 19 – A national monument to the Wright Brothers is unveiled in the United States at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

December

• December 1  - Pan American World Airways announces plans to offer service to Hawaii.^[15]
• December 22  - During the Chaco War, three Bolivian Air Corps aircraft – two Curtiss-Wright CW-14 Osprey and a Curtiss P-6 Hawk – make three bombing and strafing passes against the Paraguayan Navy gunboat ARP Tacuary while she is at anchor in the Paraguay River at Bahía Negra, Paraguay; they drop 15 bombs, 11 of which straddle Tacuary. Tacuary hits one of the CW-14s with a shell, and the CW-14 crashes shortly afterwards in Brazil.
• December 24  - The two Bolivian Air Corps aircraft – a CW-14 Osprey and a P-6 Hawk – that survived the 22 December airstrike against the Paraguayan Navy gunboat ARP Tacuary at Bahía Negra return to attack her there again. This time Tacuary takes evasive action. None of the bombs the two aircraft drop hit Tacuary, but their strafing runs against her wound several of her crewmen. The 22 and 24 December attacks against Tacuary have combined to leave 29 splinter holes and 45 bullet holes in her hull.

First flights

• Arado Ar 66
• Bellanca XSE
• Fairchild 24
• Farman F.211
• Focke-Wulf A 43
• Focke-Wulf Fw 43
• IMAM Ro.26
• Mitsubishi Ki-20
• Piaggio P.10
• Pitcairn OP
• Pitcairn PA-18
• Westland-Hill Pterodactyl Mk. V
• Early 1932 – Saro_Percival Mailplane, later redesigned as the Spartan Cruiser
• Late summer – Focke-Wulf Fw 44

January

• January 29 - De Havilland Fox Moth

February

• Aichi AB-3
• February 11 – Couzinet 70
  • February 16 - Martin B-10 February 24 – Latécoère 500

March

• Junkers Ju 46
• March 7  - Junkers Ju 52/3m
• March 20  - Boeing P-26 Peashooter^[16]
• March 25  - Curtiss XF11C-2, prototype of the Curtiss F11C Goshawk, the last Curtiss fighter to go into production for the United States Navy^[17]

April

• Curtiss XP-23 Hawk, last biplane built for the United States Army Air Corps^[18]

May

• Aichi AB-4
• May 7 – Dornier Do 11
• May 22 – General Aviation GA-43
• May 26 – Farman F.220, prototype of the Farman F.221, Farman F.222, Farman F.223, and SNCAC NC.223

June

• Boeing-Canada A-213 Totem
• Potez 430, prototype of the Potez 43 family.
• June 3 – RWD-6
• June 6 – Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta
• June 18 – Dewoitine D.500
• June 23 – Dornier Do 12
• June 25 – Farman F.1000

July

• Abrial A-12 Bagoas
• Curtiss XP-934, later purchased by the United States Army Air Corps as the Curtiss XP-31 Swift, the first monoplane design by Curtiss^[19]
• July 8 – Supermarine Scapa

August

• Farman F.1010
• Fieseler F 4
• Miles M.1 Satyr
• Mitsubishi Ki-1
• August 13 – Gee Bee R-1

September

• Albatros L102
• Pitcairn PA-19
• September 30 – Blackburn Baffin

October

• Levasseur PL.15
• October 7  - Stipa-Caproni
• October 19  - Mitsubishi 3MT5

November

• November 4  - Beech Staggerwing
• November 8  - Junkers Ju 60
• November 19  - ANF Les Mureau 170C.1^[20]
• November 24  - De Havilland Dragon

December

• Consolidated Y1P-25^[21]
• Couzinet 22
• December 1 – Heinkel He 70
• December 21 – Vickers Vincent

Entered service

• Avro 643 Cadet
• Hall PH-1 with United States Navy Patrol Squadron 8 (VP-8)^[22]
• Saunders A.7 Severn with No. 209 Squadron, Royal Air Force
• Tupolev TB-3 with the Soviet Air Force

February

• De Havilland Tiger Moth with RAF Central Flying School.

March

• March 1  - Berliner-Joyce P-16 (later PB-1) with United States Army Air Corps^{[23] [24]}

April

• Junkers Ju 46 with Deutsche Luft Hansa

September

• Curtiss F9C Sparrowhawk aboard ^[25]

December

• Focke-Wulf Fw 47 with German meteorological stations
• PZL P.7a in the Polish Air Force

Retirements

• Airco DH.9C by Northern Air Lines
• Breguet 14 by the French Armys Aéronautique Militaire.^[3]
• Levasseur PL.2 by French Naval Aviation

Notes and References

1. Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987, p. 89.
2. Web site: 1928 - DH60X Moth. Shuttleworth Collection. 2012-02-03.
3. Donald, David, ed., The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997,, p. 186.
4. Crosby, Francis, The Complete Guide to Fighters & Bombers of the World: An Illustrated History of the Worlds Greatest Military Aircraft, From the Pioneering Days of Air Fighting in World War I Through the Jet Fighters and Stealth Bombers of the Present Day, London: Hermes House, 2006,, p. 32.
5. Peattie, Mark R., Sunburst: The Rise of Japanese Naval Air Power 1909-1941, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2001,, p. 50.
6. Book: Broszat, Martin. The Hitler State. 2014. Routledge. 978-1-317-87251-1. 26.
7. Mondey, David, ed., The Complete Illustrated History of the Worlds Aircraft, Secaucus, New Jersey: Chartwell Books, Inc., 1978,, p. 34.
8. http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/05/airships-1932-visit-sd-brought-tragedy/?page=2#article Crawford, Richard, "Airship's 1932 Visit to S.D. Brought Tragedy", U-T San Diego News, December 5, 2009.
9. O′Connor, Derek, "The Remarkable Mrs. Markham," Aviation History, November 2017, p. 57.
10. http://womanpilot.com/?p=67 Kruper, Jackie, "Against Prevailing Winds – The Remarkable Life of Beryl Markham," womanpilot.com, April 1, 2008.
11. Donald, David, ed., The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997,, p. 5.
12. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19320716-0 Aviation safety Network: Accident Description
13. Mollison's Atlantic Flight. Flight. 24. 35. 1932-08-26. 2012-08-21. 795–8.
14. http://twaflightattendants.com/liftoffhtml/historytimeline.html TWA History Timeline
15. http://hawaii.gov/hawaiiaviation/chronology-of-aviation-in-hawaii/1930-1939 Aviation Hawaii: 1930-1939 Chronology of Aviation in Hawaii
16. Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987, p. 85.
17. Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987,, pp. 147-148.
18. Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987,, p. 146.
19. Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987,, p. 147.
20. Donald, David, ed., The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997,, p. 50.
21. Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987, p. 96.
22. Polmar, Norma, "Historic Aircraft: The Hall Contribution," Naval History, February 2014, p. 15.
23. Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987, p. 61
24. Donald, David, ed., The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997,, p. 125.
25. Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987,, pp. 145-146.