| Election Name: | 1932 Prussian state election |
| Country: | Free State of Prussia |
| Previous Election: | 1928 |
| Next Election: | 1933 |
| Election Date: | 24 April 1932 |
| Seats For Election: | All 423 seats in the Landtag of Prussia |
| Majority Seats: | 212 |
| Turnout: | 82.1% (5.7pp) |
| Ongoing: | no |
| First Election: | no |
| Noleader: | yes |
| Party1: | Nazi Party |
| Percentage1: | 36.7% |
| Seats1: | 162 |
| Last Election1: | 6 |
| Party2: | Social Democratic Party |
| Percentage2: | 21.2% |
| Seats2: | 94 |
| Last Election2: | 137 |
| Party3: | Centre Party |
| Percentage3: | 15.3% |
| Seats3: | 67 |
| Last Election3: | 71 |
| Party4: | Communist Party |
| Percentage4: | 12.9% |
| Seats4: | 57 |
| Last Election4: | 56 |
| Party5: | German National People's Party |
| Percentage5: | 7.0% |
| Seats5: | 31 |
| Last Election5: | 82 |
| Party6: | German People's Party |
| Percentage6: | 1.7% |
| Seats6: | 7 |
| Last Election6: | 42 |
| Party7: | German State Party |
| Percentage7: | 1.5% |
| Seats7: | 2 |
| Last Election7: | 21 |
| Party8: | Christian Social People's Service |
| Percentage8: | 1.2% |
| Seats8: | 2 |
| Last Election8: | New |
| Party9: | German-Hanoverian Party |
| Percentage9: | 0.3% |
| Seats9: | 1 |
| Last Election9: | 4 |
| Minister-President | |
| Before Election: | Third Braun cabinet |
| Before Party: | SPD–Z–DDP |
| After Election: | Third Braun cabinet |
| After Party: | Caretaker until 20 July 1932 |
State elections were held in the Free State of Prussia on 24 April 1932 to elect all 423 members of the Landtag of Prussia.[1] [2] They were the last free election in Prussia, as the next election in 1933 took place under the Nazi regime, and Prussia was then abolished after World War II.
The election saw the Nazi Party become the largest party in Prussia, winning 36% of the vote. The coalition of the Social Democratic Party, Centre Party, and German Democratic Party (now the German State Party), which had governed Prussia since 1919, lost its majority. The SPD, DNVP, and DVP all suffered huge losses. The Economic Party lost all its seats, while the DVP and DStP were left with only a handful each. The Centre Party stayed steady, and the Communist Party made minor gains.
The resulting Landtag was divided between the SPD–Zentrum–DStP coalition, the Nazi–DNVP bloc, and the Communist Party. Prussia used the constructive vote of no confidence, meaning a government could be removed from office only if there was a positive majority for a prospective successor. No parliamentary force held a majority, but since none were willing to cooperate with any of the others, the SPD-led coalition could not be removed. It continued in office as a minority government.
This situation ended with the Preußenschlag on 20 July 1932. Reich President Paul von Hindenburg, on the advice of Reich Chancellor Franz von Papen, issued an emergency decree under Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution dissolving the Prussian government and giving von Papen direct control over Prussia as Reichskommissar.[3] Prussia remained under direct control of the federal government until April 1933 when, at the behest of Adolf Hitler under the Enabling Act of 1933, state elections were held. The Nazis failed to win a majority, but the subsequent ban of the Communist Party and arrest of opposition deputies allowed them to secure control of the Landtag regardless, and Hermann Göring became Minister-President. The federal structure of Germany was effectively dissolved under the Nazi regime, and the Prussian government existed only symbolically. After the conclusion of the Second World War, Prussia was dissolved by a declaration of the Allied Control Council on 25 February 1947.
| Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | +/– | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bgcolor= | National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) | 8,091,072 | 36.67 | +34.60 | 162 | +156 | |
| bgcolor= | Social Democratic Party (SPD) | 4,675,173 | 21.19 | –7.81 | 94 | –43 | |
| bgcolor= | Prussian Centre Party (Zentrum) | 3,371,932 | 15.28 | +0.05 | 67 | –4 | |
| bgcolor= | Communist Party of Germany (KPD) | 2,845,306 | 12.89 | +1.02 | 57 | +1 | |
| bgcolor= | German National People's Party (DNVP) | 1,540,716 | 6.98 | –10.41 | 31 | –51 | |
| bgcolor= | German People's Party (DVP) (VRP) | 374,509 | 1.70 | –8.05 | 7 | –35 | |
| bgcolor=black | National Front of German Estates | 362,272 | 1.64 | –4.28 | 0 | –29 | |
| German State Party (DStP) | 332,490 | 1.51 | –2.95 | 2 | –19 | ||
| Christian Social People's Service (CSVD) | 255,177 | 1.16 | New | 2 | New | ||
| Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (SAPD) | 80,392 | 0.36 | New | 0 | New | ||
| bgcolor= | German-Hanoverian Party (DHP) | 63,731 | 0.29 | –0.70 | 1 | –3 | |
| National Minorities of Germany (NMD) | 59,943 | 0.27 | –0.13 | 0 | 0 | ||
| National Opposition of United Reichsbank Creditors and Mark Victims | 6,896 | 0.03 | New | 0 | New | ||
| Party of the Unemployed for Work and Bread | 3,463 | 0.02 | New | 0 | New | ||
| German Unity Party for Defence of the Economy, Idealistic Movement of Germany | 1,341 | 0.01 | New | 0 | New | ||
| German National Community (Völkisch Revolutionary Economic Movement) | 1,014 | 0.00 | New | 0 | New | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 127,560 | 0.57 | – | – | – | ||
| Total | 22,065,427 | 100 | – | 423 | –27 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 27,031,562 | 82.10 | +5.71 | – | – | ||
| align=left colspan=7 | Gonschior.de | ||||||
| Constituency | NSDAP | SPD | Z | KPD | DNVP | DVP | DStP | CSVD | DHP | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:#238282;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:#808080;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | |||||||||
| 1. East Prussia | 45.6 | 22.2 | 7.5 | 9.1 | 9.5 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.8 | – | ||||||||
| 2. Berlin | 24.1 | 30.2 | 3.9 | 29.4 | 6.8 | 0.5 | 2.2 | 0.5 | – | ||||||||
| 3. Potsdam II | 32.0 | 27.6 | 3.9 | 16.9 | 10.4 | 1.4 | 4.2 | 0.5 | – | ||||||||
| 4. Potsdam I | 36.1 | 28.1 | 2.4 | 16.9 | 9.5 | 1.0 | 2.1 | 0.6 | – | ||||||||
| 5. Frankfurt an der Oder | 43.8 | 25.4 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 10.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 0.8 | – | ||||||||
| 6. Pomerania | 44.2 | 23.6 | 1.2 | 7.7 | 17.2 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 0.8 | – | ||||||||
| 7. Breslau | 41.2 | 25.0 | 15.3 | 6.8 | 6.2 | – | 1.0 | 1.5 | – | ||||||||
| 8. Liegnitz | 45.2 | 27.6 | 7.0 | 5.9 | 6.8 | – | 2.1 | 1.5 | – | ||||||||
| 9. Oppeln | 30.4 | 7.5 | 35.6 | 12.2 | 7.5 | – | 0.5 | 0.4 | – | ||||||||
| 10. Magdeburg | 39.8 | 33.8 | 2.0 | 9.3 | 8.3 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 0.4 | – | ||||||||
| 11. Merseburg | 41.8 | 18.9 | 1.4 | 21.9 | 7.9 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 0.5 | – | ||||||||
| 12. Erfurt | 39.7 | 18.2 | 13.1 | 14.7 | 6.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 0.5 | – | ||||||||
| 13. Schleswig-Holstein | 50.8 | 27.5 | 0.9 | 8.8 | 5.3 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 0.9 | – | ||||||||
| 14. Weser-Ems | 37.5 | 17.6 | 25.3 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.4 | ||||||||
| 15. Hanover East | 46.7 | 25.1 | 1.3 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 5.7 | ||||||||
| 16. Hanover South | 43.8 | 31.8 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 4.6 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 2.1 | ||||||||
| 17. Westphalia North | 25.3 | 15.5 | 35.3 | 10.5 | 5.0 | 1.9 | 0.5 | 2.0 | – | ||||||||
| 18. Westphalia South | 29.1 | 17.6 | 24.3 | 16.2 | 4.5 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 3.0 | – | ||||||||
| 19. Hesse-Nassau | 42.1 | 21.5 | 14.4 | 9.5 | 3.4 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 2.0 | – | ||||||||
| 20. Köln-Aachen | 22.5 | 11.0 | 42.1 | 13.6 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 0.5 | – | ||||||||
| 21. Koblenz-Trier | 28.2 | 6.3 | 47.4 | 6.7 | 4.1 | 1.5 | 0.5 | – | – | ||||||||
| 22. Düsseldorf East | 32.9 | 11.8 | 20.8 | 22.7 | 4.2 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 1.7 | – | ||||||||
| 23. Düsseldorf West | 29.6 | 9.5 | 34.1 | 14.8 | 5.6 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 1.0 | – |
Ein Tag als Lehrstück: für die antidemokratische Skrupellosigkeit der Konservativen jener Jahre, für die Hilflosigkeit und Ermattung der stets nur rhetorisch kraftvoll auftretenden Sozialdemokratie, für die Erosion und den Zerfall der republiktreuen Mitte - schon Monate vor der Etablierung des NS-Regimes. [One day as an object lesson: in the antidemocratic unscrupulousness of the conservatives of those years, in the helplessness and fatigue of the Social Democrats, who only rhetorically ever seemed powerful, in the erosion and breakup of the republican center — months before the establishment of the Nazi regime.]