1920 in art explained

Events from the year 1920 in art.

Events

• February 1 – The National Art Gallery of Georgia opens in Tbilisi.
• March 17 – The Edith Cavell Memorial, by George Frampton, is unveiled in London.^[1]
• March 27 – Society of Wood Engravers founded in the United Kingdom.
• June 30–August 25 – The first Dadaist Fair is held in Berlin (Tempelhof).^[2] The Cologne group is formed by Jean Arp, Max Ernst and Alfred Grünwald.
• August 5 – Publication of the 'Realistic Manifesto', a Constructivist text, by Naum Gabo with his brother Anton Pevsner in Moscow.^[3]
• November 7 – The "mass action" The Storming of the Winter Palace, directed by Nikolai Evreinov, is staged outside the Winter Palace in Petrograd.
• unknown dates
  • Katherine Dreier, Man Ray and Marcel Duchamp form Société Anonyme.
  • Bernard Leach and Shoji Hamada set up the Leach Pottery in St Ives, Cornwall.
  • The Heckscher Museum of Art is established in Huntington, New York.^[4]
  • The Latvian Museum of Foreign Art is established in Riga.
  • Droit de suite is introduced in France.^{[5] [6]}

Works

• Hans Baluschek – City of Workers
• Cecilia Beaux – portrait of Georges Clemenceau
• Thomas Hart Benton – People of Chilmark (figure composition)
• Pierre Bonnard – Paysage normand
• Alexander Stirling Calder – Swann Memorial Fountain (Philadelphia)
• Sydney Carline – The Destruction of the Turkish Transport in the Gorge of the Wadi Fara, Palestine
• Lovis Corinth – Flowers and Wilhelmine
• Otto Dix
  • The Card Players (Kartenspieler)
  • The Match Vendor I
• Max Ernst
  • The Hat Makes the Man (collage and gouache)^[7]
  • Murdering Airplane (collage)
• James Earle Fraser – Frederick Keep Monument (Washington, D.C.)
• Daniel Chester French
  • Abraham Lincoln (statue in Lincoln Memorial, Washington, D.C.)
  • Dupont Circle Fountain (Washington, D.C.)
  • Wisconsin (statue on Wisconsin State Capitol)
• J. W. Godward – A Red, Red Rose
• George Grosz – Republican Automatons
• Richard Jack – The Passing of the Chieftain
• Goscombe John – Equestrian statue of the Viscount Wolseley (London)
• Einar Jónsson – Thorfinn Karlsefni (bronze statue, Philadelphia)
• Eric Kennington – The Victims (retitled The Conquerors)
• Winifred Knights – The Deluge
• Boris Kustodiev
  • Blue House
  • The Bolshevik
  • Portrait of Isaak Brodsky
  • Trinity Day
• George Washington Lambert – A sergeant of the Light Horse
• Edwin Lutyens
  • The Cenotaph, Whitehall, London (stone version)
  • with Alfred Munnings (sculptor) – Equestrian statue of Edward Horner, St Andrew's Church, Mells, Somerset, England
• Paul Klee – Angelus Novus (worked copper plate)
• Stanton Macdonald-Wright – Airplane Synchromy in Yellow-Orange
• Henri Matisse – Interior at Nice
• C. R. W. Nevinson – The Soul of the Soulless City (originally New York – an Abstraction)
• William Nicholson
  • Gertrude Jekyll
  • Miss Jekyll's Gardening Boots
• Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin – 1918 in Petrograd (Petrograd Madonna)
• Victor Rousseau – Bronze figure group for Anglo-Belgian Memorial, London
• Charles Marie Louis Joseph Sarrabezolles – L'Âme de la France (plaster version)
• Georg Scholz – Industrial Farmers (Von der Heydt Museum, Wuppertal)
• Charles Sheeler – Church Street El
• Mario Sironi – Truck
• Stanley Spencer
  • The Last Supper
  • Christ Carrying the Cross
• Lorado Taft – Fountain of Time (Chicago)
• Aston Webb (architect) and Alfred Drury (sculptor) – London Troops War Memorial

Publications

• Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler – Der Weg zum Kubismus ("The Rise of Cubism").

Births

January to June

• January 12 – Bill Reid, Canadian artist (d. 1998).
• January 17 – Georges Pichard, French comics artist (d. 2003).
• January 30 – Patrick Heron, English painter, writer and designer (d. 1999).
• February 22 – Rocco Borella, Italian painter (d. 1994).
• March 3 – Ronald Searle, English cartoonist (d. 2011).
• March 14 – Hank Ketcham, American cartoonist (d. 2001).
• March 19 – Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian poet and artist (d. 2002)^[8]
• March 27 – Robin Jacques, English illustrator (d. 1995).
• April 8 – Hans Coper, German-born studio potter (d. 1981).
• April 24 – Paul Wonner, American painter (d. 2008).
• April 26 – Maynard Reece, American painter (d. 2020)
• May – Hans Josephsohn, German-born sculptor (d. 2012).
• May 8
  • Saul Bass, American graphic designer and filmmaker (d. 1996).
  • Tom of Finland, Finnish fetish artist (d. 1991).^[9]
• May 10 - Erna Viitol, Estonian sculptor (d. 2001).
• June 4 – Alejandro Obregón, Colombian painter, muralist, sculptor and engraver (d. 1992).
• June 24
  • John Coplans, British-born painter and photographer (d. 2003)
  • Jimmy Ernst, German-born American painter (d. 1984).
• June 29 – Ray Harryhausen, American-born stop-motion animator, sculptor (d. 2013).

July to December

• July 20 – Arthur Boyd, Australian painter and sculptor (d. 1999).
• July 21 – Constant Nieuwenhuys, Dutch painter, one of the innovators of Unitary Urbanism (d. 2005).^[10]
• August 1 – Ken Bald, American comic book artist and illustrator (d. 2019)
• August 5 – George Tooker, American figurative painter (d. 2011).
• August 9 – Gerda Schmidt-Panknin, German painter (d. 2021)
• August 15 – Judy Cassab, born Judit Kaszab, Austrian-born Australian portrait painter (d. 2015).
• August 22 – Gene Davis, American painter (d. 1985).
• August 26
  • Mauri Favén, Finnish painter (d. 2006).
  • Brant Parker, American cartoonist (d. 2007).
• August 30 – Leonid Shvartsman, Soviet and Russian animator and artist (d. 2022).
• October 13 – Elaine Hamilton, American painter (d. 2010).
• October 31 – Helmut Newton, German-born photographer (d. 2004).
• November 23 – Wayne Thiebaud, American painter (d. 2021)
• November 30 – Walter Chandoha, American cat photographer (d. 2019).
• December 14 – Claire Fejes, American artist
• December 18 – Enrique Grau, Colombian painter and sculptor (d. 2004).
• December 21 – Bob Bindig, American illustrator (d. 2007)

Full date unknown

• Adrian Heath, Burmese-born English painter (d. 1992).
• Raymond Moore, English landscape photographer (d. 1987).
• Daniel O'Neill, Irish painter (d. 1974).

Deaths

• January 24 – Amedeo Modigliani, Italian-born painter and sculptor (b. 1884)^[11]
• January 26 – Jeanne Hébuterne, French artist, Modigliani's mistress and model (suicide) (b. 1898)^[11]
• March 3 – Theodor Philipsen, Danish painter (b. 1840)
• March 13 – Mary Devens, American pictorial photographer (b. 1857)
• March 15 – Edith Holden, English nature artist and art teacher (b. 1871)
• March 26 – Samuel Colman, American painter and designer (b. 1832)
• April 20 – Briton Rivière, British painter (b. 1840)
• April 27 – Jacob Ungerer, German sculptor (b. 1840)
• May 7 – Hugh Thomson, British illustrator (b. 1860)
• May 12 – Georges Petit, French art dealer (b. 1856)
• July 5 – Max Klinger, German painter and sculptor (b. 1857)^[12]
• July 14 – Albert von Keller, German painter (b. 1844)^[13]
• July 17 – Sir Edmund Elton, 8th Baronet, English studio potter (b. 1846)
• August 4 – C. G. Finch-Davies, British bird painter (b. 1875)
• August 6 – Edward Francis Searles, American interior designer (b. 1841)
• August 12 – Walter W. Winans, American sculptor, painter, marksman and horse-breeder (b. 1852)
• August 22 – Anders Zorn, Swedish portrait painter (b. 1860)^[14]
• September 24 – Peter Carl Fabergé, Russian-born jeweller (b. 1846)
• November 13 – Luc-Olivier Merson, French painter (b. 1846)
• date unknown – Edith Corbet, Australian-born British landscape painter (b. 1846)

Notes and References

1. Book: Fell, Alison S.. Women as Veterans in Britain and France after the First World War. 2018. Cambridge University Press. 978-1-108-42576-6. 62.
2. Book: Hopkins, David. Dada and Surrealism: A Very Short Introduction. 8 April 2004. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-280254-5. 168–.
3. Editors' introduction to "The Realistic Manifesto." In Art in Theory, 1900-2000, ed. by Charles Harrison and Paul Wood. Malden: Blackwell, 2003. p.298.
4. Book: Michelin Travel Publications. New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania. 1998. Michelin. 978-2-06-154901-8. 61.
5. Flynn, Tom (2021-01-07). Letter to the editor. London Review of Books 43:1.
6. https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/id/LEGIARTI000006278925/2013-04-08/ Code de la propriété intellectuelle : Chapitre II : Droits patrimoniaux, L122-8.
7. Book: Mari Dumett. Corporate Imaginations: Fluxus Strategies for Living. 22 August 2017. Univ of California Press. 978-0-520-29038-9. 67.
8. Encyclopedia: Kjell Aukrust. Norsk biografisk leksikon. Finn. Jor. Finn Jor. Helle, Knut. Knut Helle. Kunnskapsforlaget. Oslo. Norwegian. 17 December 2011.
9. Book: David A. Gerstner. Routledge International Encyclopedia of Queer Culture. 2006. Routledge. 978-0-415-30651-5. 564.
10. Book: Wolf Stubbe. History of Modern Graphic Art. 1963. Thames and Hudson. 260.
11. Book: Pierre Sichel. Modigliani: A Biography of Amedeo Modigliani. 1967. Dutton. 978-0-491-00120-5. 500.
12. Book: Walter Yust. Encyclopædia Britannica. 1951. Encyclopædia Britannica. 527.
13. Keller, Albert von. 1905.
14. Book: Anders Zorn. Anders Zorn Rediscovered: November 27-December 19, 1984 : an Exhibition. 1984. The Museum. 978-0-936270-23-4. 16.