| Election Name: | 1919 Prussian state election |
| Country: | Free State of Prussia |
| Next Election: | 1921 |
| Election Date: | 26 January 1919 |
| Seats For Election: | All 401 seats in the State Assembly |
| Majority Seats: | 201 |
| Turnout: | 74.8% |
| Ongoing: | no |
| First Election: | yes |
| Noleader: | yes |
| Party1: | Social Democratic Party |
| Percentage1: | 36.4% |
| Seats1: | 145 |
| Party2: | Centre Party |
| Percentage2: | 22.2% |
| Seats2: | 93 |
| Party3: | German Democratic Party |
| Percentage3: | 16.2% |
| Seats3: | 65 |
| Party4: | German National People's Party |
| Percentage4: | 11.2% |
| Seats4: | 48 |
| Party5: | Independent Social Democratic Party |
| Percentage5: | 7.4% |
| Seats5: | 24 |
| Party6: | German People's Party |
| Percentage6: | 5.7% |
| Seats6: | 23 |
| Party7: | German-Hanoverian Party |
| Percentage7: | 0.5% |
| Seats7: | 2 |
| Party8: | Schleswig-Holstein Farmers' Democracy |
| Percentage8: | 0.4% |
| Seats8: | 1 |
| Government | |
| Before Election: | Council of People's Deputies |
| Before Party: | SPD |
| After Election: | Hirsch cabinet |
| After Party: | SPD–Z–DDP |
State elections were held in the Free State of Prussia on 26 January 1919.[1] The elections were held a week after the elections to the federal National Assembly, and were the first elections of Prussian institutions held using proportional representation and with women's suffrage. The election was also the first truly free and fair Prussian election, as it was the first election held after the abolition of the Prussian three-class franchise, which grouped voters by the amount of taxes paid and gave disproportionate weight to the wealthy.
The State Assembly (Landesversammlung) functioned as both a constituent assembly and legislature. The parties of the "Weimar Coalition", the Social Democratic Party (SPD), Centre Party (Zentrum), and German Democratic Party (DDP), won a sweeping majority. Together they won 74.8% of the votes cast.[2] SPD politician Paul Hirsch, who had been appointed Minister-President of Prussia in November 1918, continued in office, and was succeeded by Otto Braun in early 1920.
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bgcolor= | Social Democratic Party (SPD) | 6,278,291 | 36.38 | 145 | |
| bgcolor= | Centre Party/Christian People's Party (Zentrum) | 3,834,953 | 22.22 | 93 | |
| bgcolor= | German Democratic Party (DDP) | 2,796,359 | 16.20 | 65 | |
| bgcolor= | German National People's Party (DNVP) | 1,936,939 | 11.22 | 48 | |
| bgcolor= | Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD) | 1,280,803 | 7.42 | 24 | |
| bgcolor= | German People's Party (DVP) | 981,665 | 5.69 | 23 | |
| bgcolor= | German-Hanoverian Party (DHP) | 84,975 | 0.49 | 2 | |
| bgcolor= | Schleswig-Holstein Farmers and Farmworkers Democracy (SHBLD) | 61,565 | 0.36 | 1 | |
| Christian Social Party | 1.211 | 0.01 | 0 | ||
| Protestant People's Party | 552 | 0.00 | 0 | ||
| Social Reform Party | 31 | 0.00 | 0 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 0.37 | – | |||
| Total | 17,257,344 | 100 | 401 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 74.79 | – | |||
| align=left colspan=5 | Gonschior.de | ||||
| Constituency | SPD | Z | DDP | DNVP | USPD | DVP | DHP | SHBLD | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background:;" | data-sort-type="number" style="height:1px; background: ;" | ||||||||
| 1. East Prussia | 45.6 | 11.4 | 17.1 | 14.4 | 3.6 | 7.8 | – | – | |||||||
| 2. West Prussia | 28.4 | 15.2 | 26.4 | 25.5 | 4.5 | – | – | – | |||||||
| 3. Berlin | 35.1 | 5.5 | 15.3 | 10.4 | 28.2 | 5.5 | – | – | |||||||
| 4. Potsdam I | 41.4 | 2.4 | 20.1 | 13.9 | 14.6 | 7.7 | – | – | |||||||
| 5. Potsdam II | 35.2 | 4.0 | 20.4 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 10.4 | – | – | |||||||
| 6. Frankfurt-Oder | 51.8 | 1.7 | 21.6 | 20.8 | 0.7 | 3.3 | – | – | |||||||
| 7. Pomerania | 41.9 | 0.6 | 19.3 | 26.6 | 1.4 | 10.2 | – | – | |||||||
| 8. Posen | 15.9 | 9.7 | 19.3 | 39.5 | – | 15.7 | – | – | |||||||
| 9. Breslau | 47.0 | 22.2 | 14.6 | 16.1 | 0.1 | – | – | – | |||||||
| 10. Oppeln | 29.7 | 49.3 | 5.5 | 7.4 | – | 8.2 | – | – | |||||||
| 11. Liegnitz | 50.4 | 9.7 | 25.7 | 14.1 | – | – | – | – | |||||||
| 12. Magdeburg | 57.9 | 1.7 | 23.8 | 9.9 | 3.3 | 3.3 | – | – | |||||||
| 13. Merseburg-Erfurt | 16.3 | 5.9 | 23.4 | 13.6 | 39.5 | 1.4 | – | – | |||||||
| 14. Schleswig-Holstein | 46.2 | 1.0 | 26.7 | 7.7 | 2.8 | 7.1 | – | 8.5 | |||||||
| 15. Aurich-Stade-Osnabrück | 31.5 | 18.2 | 18.9 | 4.3 | – | 9.7 | 17.5 | – | |||||||
| 16. Hannover-Hildesheim-Lüneburg | 46.8 | 9.4 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 8.6 | 31.5 | – | ||||||||
| 17. Münster-Minden-Kreis Schaumburg | 28.0 | 48.0 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 1.8 | 6.2 | – | – | |||||||
| 18. Arnsberg | 40.9 | 29.9 | 9.3 | 4.6 | 15.2 | – | – | ||||||||
| 19. Hesse-Nassau | 40.2 | 18.9 | 21.6 | 9.6 | 3.5 | 6.2 | – | – | |||||||
| 20. Cologne/Aachen | 25.0 | 61.3 | 7.4 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 0.0 | – | – | |||||||
| 21. Koblenz/Trier | 21.3 | 60.6 | 14.9 | 3.2 | – | – | – | ||||||||
| 22. Düsseldorf 1–5 | 27.2 | 28.9 | 11.2 | 15.4 | 17.3 | – | – | ||||||||
| 23. Düsseldorf 6–12 | 27.0 | 51.5 | 6.8 | 6.1 | – | 8.6 | – | – | |||||||
| 24. Sigmaringen | – | 99.8 | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||||||