1918 Danish Folketing election explained

Country:Denmark
Previous Election:1915
Next Election:April 1920
Seats For Election:All 140 seats in the Folketing
Majority Seats:71
Election Date:22 April 1918
Leader1:Klaus Berntsen
Party1:Venstre (Denmark)
Last Election1:43
Seats1:45
Percentage1:29.41
Leader2:Thorvald Stauning
Party2:Social Democrats (Denmark)
Last Election2:32
Seats2:39
Percentage2:28.66
Leader3:Carl Theodor Zahle
Party3:Danish Social Liberal Party
Last Election3:31
Seats3:32
Percentage3:20.67
Leader4:Emil Piper
Party4:Conservative People's Party (Denmark)
Last Election4:New
Seats4:22
Percentage4:18.29
Party5:Industry Party
Last Election5:New
Seats5:1
Percentage5:1.30
Leader6:
Party6:Independents
Last Election6:0
Seats6:1
Percentage6:0.40
Prime Minister
Before Election:Carl Theodor Zahle
Before Party:Danish Social Liberal Party
After Election:Carl Theodor Zahle
After Party:Danish Social Liberal Party
Map:Folketing1918.svg

Folketing elections were held in Denmark on 22 April 1918,[1] the first in which women could vote. The result was a victory for Venstre, which won 45 of the 140 seats in the Folketing, which had been expanded from 114 to 140 seats. Voter turnout was 75.5%.[2]

Electoral system

The Folketing was elected by rural–urban proportional representation. Copenhagen had 24 members elected by party-list proportional representation using the d'Hondt system, while in the rest of the country 93 members (42 in the Danish Islands and 51 in Jutland) were elected in single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting. There were a further 23 leveling seats to make the results more proportional.[3]

Of the 23 leveling seats, twenty (nine in the islands and eleven in Jutland) were allocated on a regional basis, and three (one in the islands and two in Jutland) were allocated based on the nationwide vote (including Copenhagen). The allocation of candidates to leveling seats was based on a best-loser rule, using a form of Scorporo; in each single-member constituency a Hare quota of votes for the appropriate region was subtracted from the winner's votes and the remainders were pooled at a county level. The candidates with the highest proportion of the votes relative to the region's Hare quota were allocated the leveling seats.

The 1918 elections were the only ones in Danish history to feature this mixed system.[4] [5] Future elections would be entirely using proportional representation with the single-member districts not affecting the party-level results.

Notes and References

  1. [Dieter Nohlen]
  2. Nohlen & Stöver, p537
  3. Saby. R. S.. 1919. Danish Parliamentary Elections of 1918. American Political Science Review. en. 13. 4. 656–662. 10.2307/1944222. 0003-0554. 1944222.
  4. https://www.thedanishparliament.dk/~/media/pdf/publikationer/english/the-parliamentary-system-of-denmark_2011.ashx The Parliamentary Electoral System in Denmark
  5. Adolph. Jensen. July 1918. Rigsdagsvalgene i April-Maj 1918 med Suppleringsvalg i Tiden 1915-18. Danmarks Statistik.