1917 Samoa earthquake explained

1917 Samoa earthquake
Timestamp:1917-06-26 05:49:46
Anss-Url:iscgem913548
Isc-Event:913548
Local-Date:25 June 1917
Local-Time:18:49
Magnitude:8.3–8.5
8.4
Depth:10km (10miles)
Location:-15.5°N -173°W
Countries Affected:Samoa and American Samoa
Tsunami:40feet

The 1917 Samoa earthquake occurred on 26 June at 05:49 UTC. The epicenter was located in the southwest of the Samoan Islands. The earthquake's estimated moment magnitude of 8.3–8.5[1] and surface-wave magnitude of 8.4 makes it the strongest recorded earthquake in this region.[2] [3]

Many subsidences were reported. In the mountains, masses of rocks were hurled down.[4] In Apia, violent shaking lasted for about a minute and half.[5] In American Samoa, the LDS Church in Pago Pago and the Catholic Church in Leone were partly demolished.[6] A tsunami was triggered by the earthquake, which affected both American Samoa and German Samoa, which was then under Allied occupation. The tsunami reached a maximum of 40feet. The maximum range of the tsunami in Apia was about 80cm (30inches). Many houses were destroyed, and a bridge was washed away in Palauli.[7] The tsunami was also recorded in Honolulu and on the west coast of the United States. Just on 1 May 1917, a large earthquake of magnitude  8.0 occurred in the Kermadec Islands region. The tsunami caused by the earthquake in May also hit the Samoan Islands.[8]

The earthquake occurred to the southwest of the Samoa Islands, along the Tonga Plate boundary. The focal mechanism of this earthquake was unclear. This earthquake and the 2009 event were not thought to represent the same repeating process in a same location.[9]

See also

Notes and References

  1. The 1917 tsunami inundation in Samoa: Discrepancies in modelled-to-observed event reconstructions . 27 August 2022 . Ess Open Archive ePrints. 10.1002/essoar.10509200.2 . Sischka . Laura . Williams . Shaun . Bosserelle . Cyprien . Paulik . Ryan . Chan Ting . Josephina . Whitworth . Malcolm . Talia . Lameko . 12 August 2021 . 105 . 2021esoar.10509200S . 245036004 .
  2. "Importance of Historical Seismograms for Geophysical Research" by H. Kanamori
  3. Web site: Search Earthquake Catalog . 27 August 2022 . earthquake.usgs.gov.
  4. News: Earthquake in Samoan Group. The Colonist. 17 July 1917. LVIII. 14458. 7.
  5. SEISMOLOGICAL DISPATCHES . Monthly Weather Review . 425 . August 1917 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170225102841/http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/045/mwr-045-08-0425.pdf . 25 February 2017.
  6. Web site: Catalog of Tsunamis in the Samoan Islands . G. Pararas-Carayannis and B. Dong . International Tsunami Information Center . 14 . 1980 . 11 February 2021.
  7. Web site: Exploring the status of tsunami early warning systems in Samoa . Shaun P. Williams & Aliimalemanu F. M. Leavasa . 25 August 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121029192736/http://www.mnre.gov.ws/documents/forum/2006/9-shaun%20%26%20malaefono.pdf . 29 October 2012 . dead .
  8. "Tsunamigeneric predecessors to the 2009 Samoa earthquake" by E. A. Okal, J. C. Borrero, C. Chagué-Goff
  9. Field Survey of the Samoa Tsunami of 29 September 2009 . Seismological Research Letters . 81 . 4 . 577–591 . 2010 . 10.1785/gssrl.81.4.577 . 19 March 2022. Okal . E. A. . Fritz . H. M. . Synolakis . C. E. . Borrero . J. C. . Weiss . R. . Lynett . P. J. . Titov . V. V. . Foteinis . S. . Jaffe . B. E. . Liu . P. L.- F. . Chan . I.-c. . 2010SeiRL..81..577O .

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