1916 United States presidential election in Louisiana explained

See main article: 1916 United States presidential election.

Election Name:1916 United States presidential election in Louisiana
Country:Louisiana
Flag Year:1912
Type:presidential
Vote Type:Popular
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1912 United States presidential election in Louisiana
Previous Year:1912
Next Election:1920 United States presidential election in Louisiana
Next Year:1920
Image1:Thomas Woodrow Wilson, Harris & Ewing bw photo portrait, 1919 (cropped 3x4).jpg
Nominee1:Woodrow Wilson
Party1:Democratic Party (United States)
Home State1:New Jersey
Running Mate1:Thomas R. Marshall
Electoral Vote1:10
Popular Vote1:79,875
Percentage1:85.90%
Nominee2:Charles Evans Hughes
Party2:Republican Party (United States)
Home State2:New York
Running Mate2:Charles W. Fairbanks
Electoral Vote2:0
Popular Vote2:6,466
Percentage2:6.95%
Image3:3x4.svg
Nominee3:No candidate
Party3:Progressive
Color3:A2ED70
Home State3:N/A
Running Mate3:John M. Parker
Electoral Vote3:0
Popular Vote3:6,349
Percentage3:6.83%
Map Size:350px
President
Before Election:Woodrow Wilson
Before Party:Democratic Party (United States)
Posttitle:Elected President
After Election:Woodrow Wilson
After Party:Democratic Party (United States)

The 1916 United States presidential election in Louisiana took place on November 7, 1916 as part of the 1916 United States presidential election. Voters chose ten representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Ever since the passage of a new constitution in 1898, Louisiana had been a one-party state dominated by the Democratic Party. The Republican Party became moribund due to the disenfranchisement of blacks and the complete absence of other support bases as Louisiana completely lacked upland or German refugee whites opposed to secession.[1] Despite this absolute single-party dominance, non-partisan tendencies remained strong among wealthy sugar planters in Acadiana and within the business elite of New Orleans.[2]

Following disfranchisement, the state's politics became dominated by the Choctaw Club of Louisiana, generally called the “Old Regulars”. This political machine was based in New Orleans and united with Black Belt cotton planters.[3] Opposition emerged in the north and west of the state vis the Socialist Party, who elected a few officials in Winn Parish between 1908 and 1912,[4] and by the Industrial Workers of the World in the lumbering parishes of Imperial Calcasieu.[5] This opposition was mortally weakened almost immediately after the 1912 election by the unresolved conflict between electoral and antipolitical strategies for reform.[6] Stronger opposition came via the Progressive movement soon after, although this time in the southern sugarcane-growing parishes, where conflicts with President Wilson's Underwood-Simmons Act[7] even allowed a Progressive Party member in Whitmell P. Martin to be elected to the Third Congressional District in 1914.

Whereas Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Party disintegrated after the 1914 elections in most of the United States, in Louisiana it had a brief revival during the following election cycle as John M. Parker, a long-time business progressive[8] and wealthy landowner[9] ran for governor against Democratic primary winner Ruffin G. Pleasant in April 1916, and at the same time sixteen Progressives were elected to the state legislature, the first time any non-Democrat had been so elected since before the 1898 Constitution. Despite carrying sixteen parishes – mostly in the sugar belt – Parker carried only 38 percent of the vote.[10]

However, this would be the high point of the Progressive movement in Louisiana. Parker was nominated for vice-president by the national Progressive Party, but when Roosevelt declined the presidential place on this ticket and endorsed national Republican nominee Charles Evans Hughes, the top spot was left empty and Parker endorsed incumbent president Wilson.[10] Despite this, opposition to Wilson's tariff policy in the sugar parishes was sufficient that the Progressive ticket did very well in this area, becoming the first non-Democrat to carry any Louisiana parish since 1900.

Results

Presidential CandidateRunning MatePartyElectoral Vote (EV)Popular Vote (PV)
Woodrow Wilson of New JerseyThomas R. MarshallDemocratic10[11] 79,87585.90%
Charles Evans HughesCharles W. FairbanksRepublican06,4666.95%
—John M. ParkerProgressive06,3496.83%
Allan L. BensonGeorge Ross KirkpatrickSocialist02920.31%

Results by parish

1916 United States presidential election in Louisiana by parish! rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"
Parish
Democratic
Republican
Progressive "Bull Moose"		Margin
%%%%
Acadia1,16583.87%20214.54%221.58%96369.33%1,389
Allen70889.51%8110.24%20.25%62779.27%791
Ascension53176.07%10615.19%618.74%42560.89%698
Assumption48945.15%22120.41%37334.44%11610.71%1,083
Avoyelles1,25395.72%443.36%120.92%1,20992.36%1,309
Beauregard96894.07%595.73%20.19%90988.34%1,029
Bienville1,22998.01%201.59%50.40%1,20996.41%1,254
Bossier67598.68%91.32%00.00%66697.37%684
Caddo3,10995.25%1514.63%40.12%2,95890.63%3,264
Calcasieu1,79891.13%1658.36%100.51%1,63382.77%1,973
Caldwell55496.01%203.47%30.52%53492.55%577
Cameron16394.22%105.78%00.00%15388.44%173
Catahoula45995.63%204.17%10.21%43991.46%480
Claiborne1,27698.76%151.16%10.08%1,26197.60%1,292
Concordia26495.31%103.61%31.08%25491.70%277
1,10498.48%171.52%00.00%1,08796.97%1,121
1,48289.98%1307.89%352.13%1,35282.09%1,647
21998.65%31.35%00.00%21697.30%222
48995.69%214.11%10.20%46891.59%511
Evangeline80892.77%262.99%374.25%77188.52%871
Franklin68498.56%101.44%00.00%67497.12%694
Grant64094.81%314.59%40.59%60990.22%675
Iberia80244.90%1347.50%85047.59%-48-2.69%1,786
Iberville47172.02%16024.46%233.52%31147.55%654
Jackson98097.13%272.68%20.20%95394.45%1,009
Jefferson1,04194.21%565.07%80.72%98589.14%1,105
65675.14%20022.91%171.95%45652.23%873
Lafayette1,06666.01%734.52%47629.47%59036.53%1,615
Lafourche62932.51%1578.11%1,14959.38%-520-26.87%1,935
61095.61%203.13%81.25%59092.48%638
Lincoln93295.30%424.29%40.41%89091.00%978
Livingston50390.47%356.29%183.24%46884.17%556
Madison18799.47%10.53%00.00%18698.94%188
Morehouse56499.30%30.53%10.18%56198.77%568
Natchitoches1,18195.78%453.65%70.57%1,13692.13%1,233
Orleans30,93691.03%2,5317.45%5161.52%28,40583.59%33,983
Ouachita1,21596.97%352.79%30.24%1,18094.17%1,253
Plaquemines46190.22%438.41%71.37%41881.80%511
30185.27%3710.48%154.25%26474.79%353
Rapides2,18493.25%1345.72%241.02%2,05087.53%2,342
56799.30%40.70%00.00%56398.60%571
Richland65098.93%71.07%00.00%64397.87%657
Sabine1,14797.04%302.54%50.42%1,11794.50%1,182
36392.84%235.88%51.28%34086.96%391
29790.00%309.09%30.91%26780.91%330
31995.51%92.69%61.80%31092.81%334
52071.53%18525.45%223.03%33546.08%727
28970.15%11527.91%81.94%17442.23%412
13936.87%11731.03%12132.10%184.77%377
97169.41%362.57%39228.02%57941.39%1,399
65245.95%16211.42%60542.64%473.31%1,419
78287.67%9510.65%151.68%68777.02%892
Tangipahoa1,32688.58%15910.62%120.80%1,16777.96%1,497
Tensas20496.68%52.37%20.95%19994.31%211
Terrebonne60646.37%1138.65%58844.99%181.38%1,307
Union1,10697.96%221.95%10.09%1,08496.01%1,129
Vermilion1,34059.56%783.47%83236.98%50822.58%2,250
Vernon75459.09%443.45%47837.46%27621.63%1,276
Washington1,09493.19%665.62%141.19%1,02887.56%1,174
Webster1,04099.24%60.57%20.19%1,03498.66%1,048
23787.78%2810.37%51.85%20977.41%270
31195.11%144.28%20.61%29790.83%327
26195.26%82.92%51.82%25392.34%274
Winn86894.55%505.45%00.00%81889.11%918
Totals79,87585.90%6,4666.95%6,3496.83%73,40978.95%92,982

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: [[Kevin Phillips (political commentator)|Phillips]], Kevin P.. The Emerging Republican Majority. November 23, 2014 . 208, 210. Princeton University Press . 9780691163246.
  2. Schott. Matthew J.. Progressives against Democracy: Electoral Reform in Louisiana, 1894-1921. Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. 20. 3. Summer 1979. 247–260.
  3. Book: Wall. Bennett H.. Rodriguez. John C.. Louisiana: A History. January 28, 2014 . 274–275. John Wiley & Sons . 978-1118619292.
  4. Book: Williams, Thomas Harry. Huey Long. 44–45. Vintage Books. New York City. 1981. 0394747909.
  5. Book: Renshaw, Patrick. The Wobblies: The Story of Syndicalism in the United States. 1968. Garden City, New York. Anchor Books. 76, 120–121.
  6. Renshaw (1968). The Wobblies, pp. 122-123
  7. Collin. Richard H.. Theodore Roosevelt's Visit to New Orleans and the Progressive Campaign of 1914. Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. 12. 1. Winter 1971. 5–19.
  8. Schott. Matthew J.. The New Orleans Machine and Progressivism. Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. 24. 2. Spring 1983. 141–153.
  9. Book: Hair, William Ivy. The Kingfish and His Realm. September 1991 . LSU Press . 0807145661.
  10. Book: Cowan. Walter Greaves. McGuire. Jack B.. Louisiana Governors: Rulers, Rascals, and Reformers. June 30, 2010 . 151. Univ. Press of Mississippi . 978-1604733204.
  11. Web site: Dave Leip. 1916 Presidential General Election Results – Louisiana. Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas.

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