1914 United States Senate elections explained

Election Name:1914 United States Senate elections
Country:United States
Flag Year:1912
Type:legislative
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1912–13 United States Senate elections
Next Election:1916 United States Senate elections
Next Year:1916
Seats For Election:32 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
Majority Seats:49
Election Date:November 3, 1914
1Blank:Seats up
2Blank:Races won
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Image1:JohnWKern.jpg
Leader1:John W. Kern
Leader Since1:March 4, 1911
Leaders Seat1:Indiana
Seats Before1:53
Seats After1:56
Seat Change1: 3
1Data1:17
2Data1:20
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Leader2:Jacob H. Gallinger
Leader Since2:March 4, 1911
Leaders Seat2:New Hampshire
Seats Before2:42
Seats After2:39
Seat Change2: 3
1Data2:16
2Data2:13
Party4:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Seats Before4:1
Seats After4:1
1Data4:0
2Data4:0
Map Size:320px
Majority conference chairman
Before Election:John W. Kern
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Election:John W. Kern
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

The 1914 United States Senate elections were held on November 3, 1914. These were the first regularly scheduled elections held following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1913, which required that all seats up for election be popularly elected, rather than chosen by their state legislatures. Thus, it was the first time that elections were generally scheduled on Election Day to coincide with the U.S. House elections. The 32 seats of Class 3 were contested in regular elections in 1914. Special elections were also held to fill vacancies. These elections occurred in the middle of Democratic President Woodrow Wilson's first term.

After a series of special elections, Democrats entered the election with a 53–42 majority, which they expanded to 56–39 after the elections.

This is one of five elections since 1914 in which the president's party gained Senate seats but lost House seats, something that would be repeated by Democrats in 1962 and 2022 and by Republicans in 1970 and 2018. This was the last time until 2022 that no incumbent senator lost reelection in a general election, although two lost in party primaries. This was also the first of three times in American history that the opposition party failed to flip any Senate seats, along with 1934 and 2022.[1]

Gains, losses, and holds

Retirements

Four Republicans and three Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election. One Democrat retired instead of seeking election to finish the unexpired term.

Defeats

Two Republicans sought re-election but lost in the primary election.

Deaths

One Democrat died on August 8, 1913, and his seat remained vacant until a May 11, 1914 special election.

Post-election changes

One Democrat died during the 64th Congress and was replaced by a Democratic appointee.

Change in composition

Before the elections

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Beginning of the next Congress

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align=center width=35px DDemocratic
align=center width=35px PProgressive
align=center width=35px RRepublican
align=center width=35px VVacant

Summary of races

Special elections during the 63rd Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated once elected and qualified; ordered by election date.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidates
SenatorPartyElectoral history
Alabama
(Class 3)
VacantJoseph F. Johnston (D) died August 8, 1913.
New senator elected May 11, 1914.
Democratic hold.
nowrap
Georgia
(Class 2)
William WestDemocratic1914 Appointee retired.
New senator elected November 3, 1914.
Democratic hold.
nowrap
Kentucky
(Class 3)
Johnson N. Camden Jr.Democratic1914 Interim appointee elected November 3, 1914.
Winner did not run for the next term, see below.
nowrap

Races leading to the 64th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1915; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidates
SenatorPartyElectoral history
AlabamaFrancis S. WhiteDemocratic1914 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
nowrap
ArizonaMarcus A. SmithDemocratic1912Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
ArkansasJames P. ClarkeDemocratic1903
1909
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
CaliforniaGeorge C. PerkinsRepublican1893
1895
1897
1903
1909
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
nowrap
ColoradoCharles S. ThomasDemocratic1913 Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
ConnecticutFrank B. BrandegeeRepublican1905
1909
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
FloridaDuncan U. FletcherDemocratic1909
1909
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
GeorgiaHoke SmithDemocratic1911 .Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
IdahoJames H. BradyRepublican1913 Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
IllinoisLawrence Y. ShermanRepublican1913 Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
IndianaBenjamin F. ShivelyDemocratic1909Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
IowaAlbert B. CumminsRepublican1908 Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
KansasJoseph L. BristowRepublican1909Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.[2]
Republican hold.
nowrap
KentuckyJohnson N. Camden Jr.Democratic1914
1914
Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
nowrap
LouisianaJohn ThorntonDemocratic1910 Incumbent retired.
New senator had already been elected early May 21, 1912.
Democratic hold.
nowrap
MarylandJohn W. SmithDemocratic1908
1908
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
MissouriWilliam J. StoneDemocratic1903
1909
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
NevadaFrancis G. NewlandsDemocratic1909Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
New HampshireJacob GallingerRepublican1891
1897
1903
1909
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
New YorkElihu RootRepublican1909Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
nowrap
North CarolinaLee S. OvermanDemocratic1903
1909
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
North DakotaAsle GronnaRepublican1911 Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
OhioTheodore E. BurtonRepublican1909Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
nowrap
OklahomaThomas GoreDemocratic1907
1909
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
OregonGeorge E. ChamberlainDemocratic1909Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
PennsylvaniaBoies PenroseRepublican1897
1903
1909
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
South CarolinaEllison D. SmithDemocratic1909Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
South DakotaCoe I. CrawfordRepublican1909Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
nowrap
UtahReed SmootRepublican1903
1909
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
VermontWilliam P. DillinghamRepublican1900
1902
1908
Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
WashingtonWesley L. JonesRepublican1909Incumbent re-elected.nowrap
WisconsinIsaac StephensonRepublican1907
1909
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
nowrap

Closest races

Nineteen races had a margin of victory under 10%:

StateParty of winnerMargin
Nevadadata-sort-value=-1 Democratic0.19%
Wisconsindata-sort-value=-0.5 Democratic (flip)0.31%
Kansasdata-sort-value=1 Republican0.77%
Coloradodata-sort-value=-1 Democratic1.31%
Illinoisdata-sort-value=1 Republican1.70%
Utahdata-sort-value=1 Republican2.75%
Californiadata-sort-value=-0.5 Democratic (flip)2.78%
South Dakotadata-sort-value=-0.5 Democratic (flip)3.85%
New Yorkdata-sort-value=1 Republican4.98%
Idahodata-sort-value=1 Republican5.75%
New Hampshiredata-sort-value=1 Republican7.03%
Indianadata-sort-value=-1 Democratic7.04%
Marylanddata-sort-value=-1 Democratic7.10%
Connecticutdata-sort-value=1 Republican7.69%
Missouridata-sort-value=-1 Democratic8.83%
Iowadata-sort-value=1 Republican9.03%
Kentucky (regular)data-sort-value=-1 Democratic9.36%
Oregondata-sort-value=-1 Democratic9.55%
Ohiodata-sort-value=1 Republican9.57%

Alabama

See also: List of United States senators from Alabama and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama. Democrat Joseph F. Johnston died August 8, 1913. Democrat Henry D. Clayton was appointed August 12, 1913, but his appointment was challenged and withdrawn. Democrat Franklin P. Glass was appointed November 17, 1913, but the Senate refused to seat him.

Alabama (special)

Election Name:1914 United States Senate special election in Alabama
Country:Alabama
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1907 United States Senate elections in Alabama
Previous Year:1907
Election Date:May 11, 1914
Next Election:1914 United States Senate election in Alabama
Next Year:1914
Image1:Francis S. White.jpeg
Nominee1:Francis S. White
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:102,326
Percentage1:99.94%
U.S. senator
Before Election:Joseph F. Johnston
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Election:Francis S. White
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

Democrat Francis S. White was elected May 11, 1914, to finish the current term that would end in 1915.

Alabama (regular)

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Alabama
Country:Alabama
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1914 United States Senate special election in Alabama
Previous Year:1914 (special)
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Alabama
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Oscar W. Underwood.jpg
Nominee1:Oscar Underwood
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:163,338
Percentage1:90.20%
Nominee2:Alex C. Birch
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:12,320
Percentage2:6.80%
Map Size:170px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Alabama. After White retired, House Majority Leader Oscar Underwood was elected to a new term.

Arizona

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Arizona
Country:Arizona
Flag Year:1912
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1912 United States Senate elections in Arizona#Class 3
Previous Year:1912
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Arizona
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Marcus Aurelius Smith.jpg
Nominee1:Marcus A. Smith
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:25,800
Percentage1:53.23%
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:9,183
Percentage2:18.95%
Image4:Eugene Chafin photo.jpg
Party4:Prohibition Party
Popular Vote4:7,293
Percentage4:15.05%
Nominee5:Bert Davis
Party5:Socialist Party (US)
Popular Vote5:3,582
Percentage5:7.39%
Nominee7:J. Bernard Nelson
Party7:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote7:2,608
Percentage7:5.38%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Arizona.

See also: List of United States senators from Arizona.

Incumbent Democrat Marcus A. Smith was elected in 1912 with 50% of the vote and sought re-election. Although he easily defeated his primary challenger, he faced a large field of candidates in the general election. State Senator and trader Don Lorenzo Hubbell was the Republican nominee. Third-party candidates included Eugene W. Chafin of the Prohibition Party, who ran for president under the party's nomination, as well as Socialist Bert Davis and Progressive J. Bernard Nelson.

Smith received over half of the vote, defeating each candidate by a wide margin. He was elected to his second term.

Arkansas

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Arkansas
Country:Arkansas
Flag Year:1913
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Arkansas
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1916 United States Senate special election in Arkansas
Next Year:1916 (special)
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:AR Clarke John.jpg
Nominee1:James P. Clarke
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:33,449
Percentage1:74.88%
Nominee2:Harry H. Myers
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:11,222
Percentage2:25.12%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Arkansas.

California

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in California
Country:California
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in California
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in California
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:JamesDPhelan.jpg
Nominee1:James Duval Phelan
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:279,896
Percentage1:31.59%
Party2:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote2:255,232
Percentage2:28.81%
Image4:JosephRKnowland.jpg
Party4:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote4:254,159
Percentage4:28.69%
Image5:Untermann-Ernest-1909.jpg
Party5:Socialist Party of America
Popular Vote5:56,805
Percentage5:6.41%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in California.

See also: List of United States senators from California and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in California. Incumbent Republican George Clement Perkins was first elected in an 1895 special election and was re-elected for three more terms. He did not seek re-election.

U.S. Representative Joseph R. Knowland of Oakland was the Republican nominee for this seat in 1914. He was challenged by the Democratic nominee, former mayor of San Francisco James Duval Phelan, and Progressive nominee Francis J. Heney, the former attorney general of the Arizona Territory.

Phelan defeated Heney and Knowland by slim margins and with less than a third of the vote.

Colorado

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Colorado
Country:Colorado
Flag Year:1911
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1912 and 1913 United States Senate elections#Colorado (special)
Previous Year:1913 (special)
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Colorado
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Charles Spalding Thomas.jpg
Nominee1:Charles S. Thomas
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:102,037
Percentage1:40.30%
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:98,728
Percentage2:38.99%
Image4:File:Ad for the Republican Ticket in the 1922 elections in Colorado (cropped).png
Nominee4:Benjamin Griffith
Party4:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote4:27,072
Percentage4:10.69%
Nominee5:James C. Griffiths
Party5:Socialist Party of America
Popular Vote5:13,943
Percentage5:5.51%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Colorado and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado.

Connecticut

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Connecticut
Country:Connecticut
Flag Year:1897
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Connecticut
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Connecticut
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Frank Bosworth Brandegee.jpg
Nominee1:Frank B. Brandegee
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:89,983
Percentage1:49.77%
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:76,081
Percentage2:42.08%
Map Size:220px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut.

Florida

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Florida
Country:Florida
Flag Year:1900
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate special election in Florida
Previous Year:1909 (special)
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Florida
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Duncanupshawfletcher.jpg
Nominee1:Duncan U. Fletcher
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:22,761
Percentage1:100.00%
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Florida. Incumbent Democrat Duncan Fletcher was elected in a special election after being appointed when William Hall Milton retired after a year in office. He sought re-election to a full term, facing competition only in the primary.

Georgia

See also: List of United States senators from Georgia. There were two elections due to the February 14, 1914, death of Democrat Augustus Octavius Bacon. It was the first time that both of Georgia's Senate seats have been up for election at the same time.

Georgia (special)

Election Name:1914 United States Senate special election in Georgia
Country:Georgia (U.S. state)
Flag Year:1906
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1913 United States Senate election in Georgia
Previous Year:1913
Next Election:1918 United States Senate election in Georgia
Next Year:1918
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Senator Thomas Hardwick.jpg
Nominee1:Thomas W. Hardwick
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:62,589
Percentage1:68.96%
Nominee2:Rufe G. Hutchens
Party2:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote2:28,169
Percentage2:31.04%
Map Size:200px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

Democrat William West was appointed to continue the term pending a special election, in which he was not a candidate.

Democrat Thomas W. Hardwick was elected November 3, 1914, to finish the term that would end in 1919 and served until losing renomination in 1918.

Georgia (regular)

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Georgia
Country:Georgia (U.S. state)
Flag Year:1906
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1911 United States Senate special election in Georgia
Previous Year:1911 (special)
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Georgia
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Portrait of Hoke Smith.jpg
Nominee1:M. Hoke Smith
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:61,789
Percentage1:68.48%
Nominee2:C. W. McClure
Party2:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote2:28,441
Percentage2:31.52%
Map Size:200px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

Democrat M. Hoke Smith, who had first won in a 1911 special election, was re-elected and would serve until his 1920 renomination loss.

Idaho

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Idaho
Country:Idaho
Flag Year:1907
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1913 United States Senate special election in Idaho
Previous Year:1913 (special)
Next Election:1918 United States Senate special election in Idaho
Next Year:1918 (special)
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Jamesbrady.jpg
Nominee1:James H. Brady
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:47,486
Percentage1:43.89%
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:41,266
Percentage2:38.14%
Nominee4:Paul Clagstone
Party4:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote4:10,321
Percentage4:9.54%
Nominee5:Calistus Cooper
Party5:Socialist Party of America
Popular Vote5:7,888
Percentage5:7.29%
Map Size:160px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Idaho.

Illinois

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Illinois
Country:Illinois
Flag Year:1912
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1913 United States Senate special election in Illinois
Previous Year:1913 (special)
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Illinois
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Lawrence Yates Sherman (1).jpg
Nominee1:Lawrence Y. Sherman
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:390,661
Percentage1:38.46%
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:373,403
Percentage2:36.76%
Image3:RaymondRobins01 (1).jpg
Party3:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote3:203,027
Percentage3:19.99%
Map Size:300px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Illinois.

See also: List of United States senators from Illinois.

Indiana

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Indiana
Country:Indiana
Flag Image:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Indiana
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1916 United States Senate special election in Indiana
Next Year:1916 (special)
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Shively, Benjamin Franklin.jpg
Nominee1:Benjamin F. Shively
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:272,249
Percentage1:42.14%
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:226,766
Percentage2:35.10%
Image3:Albert J. Beveridge cph.3b04505.jpg
Party3:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote3:108,581
Percentage3:16.81%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Indiana.

Iowa

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Iowa
Country:Iowa
Flag Image:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Iowa
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Iowa
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Portrait of Albert B. Cummins.jpg
Nominee1:Albert B. Cummins
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:205,832
Percentage1:48.19%
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:167,251
Percentage2:39.16%
Image3:3x4.svg
Nominee3:Otis Spurgeon
Party3:Independent
Popular Vote3:24,490
Percentage3:5.73%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Iowa.

Kansas

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Kansas
Country:Kansas
Flag Image:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1908 United States Senate election in Kansas
Previous Year:1908
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Kansas
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Charles_Curtis-portrait.jpg
Nominee1:Charles Curtis
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:180,823
Percentage1:35.53%
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:176,929
Percentage2:34.77%
Image3:VictorMurdock.jpg
Party3:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote3:116,755
Percentage3:22.94%
Map Size:270px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Kansas.

See also: List of United States senators from Kansas.

Kentucky

See also: List of United States senators from Kentucky. There were 2 elections to the same seat due to the May 23, 1914, death of one-term Republican William O. Bradley.

Kentucky (special)

Election Name:1914 United States Senate special election in Kentucky
Country:Kentucky
Flag Image:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1908 United States Senate election in Kentucky
Previous Year:1908
Next Election:1914 United States Senate election in Kentucky
Next Year:1914
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Johnson-Camden,-Jr..jpg
Nominee1:Johnson N. Camden Jr.
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:177,797
Percentage1:53.99%
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:133,139
Percentage2:40.43%
Map Size:300px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

Democrat Johnson N. Camden was appointed June 16, 1914, to continue Bradley's term, pending a special election. He was challenged by U.S. Solicitor General William Marshall Bullitt.

Camden was elected in November to finish the term ending 1915.

Kentucky (regular)

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Kentucky
Country:Kentucky
Flag Image:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1914 United States Senate special election in Kentucky
Previous Year:1914 (special)
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Kentucky
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:BECKHAM, J.C.W. SENATOR LCCN2016858952 (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:John C. W. Beckham
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:176,605
Percentage1:51.89%
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:144,758
Percentage2:42.53%
Map Size:300px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

Democratic appointee Johnson N. Camden was not a candidate for the next term, instead returning to agricultural activities on a farm.

In this race, two former governors of Kentucky fought for the seat. The Democratic nominee was John C. W. Beckham, who was sworn in after the assassination of William Goebel in 1900. The Republican nominee was Augustus E. Willson, who flipped the seat in 1907 after Beckham's term ended.

Beckham won the election, and would continue to serve until his re-election loss.

Louisiana

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Louisiana
Country:Louisiana
Flag Year:1912
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1910 United States Senate special election in Louisiana
Previous Year:1910 (special)
Next Election:1918 United States Senate special election in Louisiana
Next Year:1918 (special)
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:Robert Foligny Broussard.jpg
Nominee1:Robert F. Broussard
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
U.S. senator
Before Election:John Thornton
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Election:Robert F. Broussard
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Louisiana.

Senator Robert F. Broussard had already been elected on May 21, 1912, indirectly by the state legislature.

Maryland

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Maryland
Country:Maryland
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1908 United States Senate election in Maryland
Previous Year:1908
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Maryland
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:John Walter Smith, photo portrait head and shoulders.jpg
Nominee1:John Walter Smith
Party1:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:110,204
Percentage1:50.99%
Nominee2:Edward Carrington
Party2:Republican Party (United States)
Popular Vote2:94,864
Percentage2:43.89%
Map Size:275px
U.S. senator
Before Election:John Walter Smith
Before Party:Democratic Party (United States)
After Election:John Walter Smith
After Party:Democratic Party (United States)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Maryland.

See also: List of United States senators from Maryland.

Missouri

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Missouri
Country:Missouri
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Missouri
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1918 United States Senate special election in Missouri
Next Year:1918 (special)
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:William Joel Stone.jpg
Nominee1:William J. Stone
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:311,616
Percentage1:50.41%
Nominee2:Thomas Akins
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:257,054
Percentage2:41.58%
Map Size:275px
U.S. senator
Before Election:William J. Stone
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Election:William J. Stone
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Missouri.

Nevada

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Nevada
Country:Nevada
Flag Year:1905
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Nevada
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1918 United States Senate special election in Nevada
Next Year:1918 (special)
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:Portrait of Francis G. Newlands.jpg
Nominee1:Francis G. Newlands
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:8,078
Percentage1:37.46%
Nominee2:Samuel Platt
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:8,038
Percentage2:37.27%
Image3:3x4.svg
Nominee3:Ashley Miller
Party3:Socialist Party of America
Popular Vote3:5,451
Percentage3:25.28%
Map Size:150px
U.S. senator
Before Election:Francis G. Newlands
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Election:Francis G. Newlands
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Nevada.

New Hampshire

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in New Hampshire
Country:New Hampshire
Flag Year:1909
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in New Hampshire
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1918 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire
Next Year:1918 (special)
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:Jacob Harold Gallinger.jpg
Nominee1:Jacob H. Gallinger
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:42,113
Percentage1:51.66%
Nominee2:Raymond B. Stevens
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:36,382
Percentage2:44.63%
Map Size:240px
U.S. senator
Before Election:Jacob H. Gallinger
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Election:Jacob H. Gallinger
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from New Hampshire.

New York

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in New York
Country:New York
Flag Year:1909
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in New York
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in New York
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:James W. Wadsworth, Jr.jpg
Nominee1:James W. Wadsworth
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:639,112
Percentage1:47.04%
Nominee2:James W. Gerard
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:571,419
Percentage2:42.06
Map Size:270px
U.S. senator
Before Election:Elihu Root
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Election:James W. Wadsworth
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in New York.

See also: List of United States senators from New York.

North Carolina

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in North Carolina
Country:North Carolina
Flag Year:1885
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in North Carolina
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in North Carolina
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:OVERMAN, LEE S. SENATOR LCCN2016862467 (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:Lee S. Overman
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:121,342
Percentage1:58.10%
Nominee2:A. A. Whitener
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:87,101
Percentage2:41.70%
U.S. senator
Before Election:Lee S. Overman
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Election:Lee S. Overman
After Party:Democratic Party (US)
Map Size:300px

See also: List of United States senators from North Carolina.

North Dakota

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in North Dakota
Country:North Dakota
Flag Year:1911
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1911 United States Senate special election in North Dakota
Previous Year:1911 (special)
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in North Dakota
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:A.J. Gronna LCCN2014684980 (3x4a).jpg
Nominee1:Asle Gronna
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:48,732
Percentage1:55.82%
Nominee2:William E. Purcell
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:29,640
Percentage2:33.95
Image3:3x4.svg
Nominee3:W. H. Brown
Party3:Socialist Party of America
Popular Vote3:6,231
Percentage3:7.14
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Election:Asle Gronna
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Election:Asle Gronna
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from North Dakota.

Ohio

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Ohio
Country:Ohio
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Ohio
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Ohio
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:Warren G Harding portrait as senator June 1920.jpg
Nominee1:Warren G. Harding
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:526,115
Percentage1:49.16%
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:423,742
Percentage2:39.60%
Image3:File:Arthur Garford (cropped).jpg
Party3:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote3:67,509
Percentage3:6.31%
Map Size:200px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Ohio.

See also: List of United States senators from Ohio.

Republican nominee Warren G. Harding, future President of the United States, defeated Democratic nominee Timothy S. Hogan to succeed retiring incumbent Republican Senator Theodore E. Burton.[3]

Initially, Harding was not interested in running for U.S. Senate, due to the divisive remnants of the 1912 elections between the conservative and progressive factions of the Republican party. Harry Daugherty, an Ohio political boss, was interested in running for the seat himself upon learning of incumbent Senator Theodore Burton's plans to retire upon the expiration of his term, but party leaders advised him not to run. Instead, Daugherty unsuccessfully attempted to stage a draft movement to convince Harding to run for the seat. After the death of Amos Kling, the father of Harding's wife Florence, she encouraged her husband to run. The precise reasoning for this is unknown, but some in Marion, the Hardings' home town, believe that Harding had agreed not to seek higher office as part of a reuniting "truce" between Florence and her father, or that Kling had convinced Harding that it would behoove him to further his business rather than run for public office.[4]

Although Daugherty claimed it was him who had convinced Harding to run for the Senate, Harding's friend and attorney Hoke Donithen, who eventually became Harding's campaign manager, may have played a role in his decision to run. Retiring Senator Theodore Burton also claimed credit, saying to his biographer that Daugherty did not agree to throw his support behind Harding until after learning he had backed him.[4]

The Republican primary was a three-way contest between Harding, former U.S. Senator and ex-mentor Joseph B. Foraker[5] and Ralph Cole. Rather than antagonizing his opponents, Harding notably tried to keep and make friends within the Republican party, to the frustration of those running against him. Ralph Cole, in his frustration, said, "If he is not going to fight someone, why did he enter the contest?"[4] Harding eventually defeated both of his opponents in the primary, garnering 88,540 votes. Foraker finished in second with 76,817 votes, ahead of Cole with 52,237.[4]

In the general election campaign, Harding faced Democratic nominee Timothy Hogan and Progressive candidate Arthur Garford. Hogan was subject to anti-Catholic sentiment among voters, which Harding himself did not exhibit during the course of the election. Harding's supporters accused Hogan of wanting to "deliver Ohio to the Pope."[6] Harding downplayed the issue of World War I, despite the fact that the election took place just after the outbreak of the war, due to the high German immigrant population. Harding ultimately won the election and subsequently became the first United States Senator from Ohio to be popularly elected, following the passage of the 17th Amendment to the Constitution.[5]

Harding's victory in his bid for the Senate seat raised speculation that he would seek higher office, specifically the Presidency, although Harding himself did not show any interest in doing so at the time. He told family and friends after being elected to the Senate that he would return to his previous career in newspaper publishing at The Marion Daily Star after serving in the Senate.[4]

Oklahoma

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Oklahoma
Country:Oklahoma
Flag Year:1911
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Oklahoma
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Oklahoma
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:ThomasGore3c32246u crop.jpg
Nominee1:Thomas Gore
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:119,443
Percentage1:47.98%
Nominee2:John H. Burford
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:73,292
Percentage2:29.44%
Image3:Patrick S. Nagle.jpg
Nominee3:Patrick S. Nagle
Party3:Socialist Party of America
Popular Vote3:52,259
Percentage3:20.99%
Map Size:290px
U.S. senator
Before Election:Thomas Gore
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Election:Thomas Gore
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Oklahoma.

See also: List of United States senators from Oklahoma.

Oregon

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Oregon
Country:United States
Flag Year:1912
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Oregon
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Oregon
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:Portrait of George Earle Chamberlain.jpg
Nominee1:George E. Chamberlain
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:111,748
Percentage1:45.50%
Nominee2:R. A. Booth
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:88,297
Percentage2:35.95%
Image3:3x4.svg
Nominee3:Bill Hanley
Party3:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote3:26,220
Percentage3:10.68%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Election:George E. Chamberlain
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Election:George E. Chamberlain
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Oregon.

Pennsylvania

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
Country:Pennsylvania
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:Boies Penrose.jpg
Nominee1:Boies Penrose
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:519,810
Percentage1:46.75%
Nominee2:Gifford Pinchot
Party2:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote2:269,265
Percentage2:24.22%
Image3:File:Alexander Mitchell Palmer.jpg
Nominee3:Alexander M. Palmer
Party3:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote3:266,436
Percentage3:23.96%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Election:Boies Penrose
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Election:Boies Penrose
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania.

See also: List of United States senators from Pennsylvania and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania.

South Carolina

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in South Carolina
Country:South Carolina
Flag Year:1861b
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in South Carolina
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in South Carolina
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:Senator Ellison DuRant Smith.jpg
Nominee1:Ellison D. Smith
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:32,950
Percentage1:99.73%
U.S. senator
Before Election:Ellison D. Smith
Before Party:Democratic Party (US)
After Election:Ellison D. Smith
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in South Carolina.

See also: List of United States senators from South Carolina and 1914 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina.

South Dakota

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in South Dakota
Country:South Dakota
Flag Image:Flag of South Dakota (1909–1963).svg
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in South Dakota
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in South Dakota
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:ESJohnson.jpg
Nominee1:Edwin S. Johnson
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:48,076
Percentage1:48.32%
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:44,244
Percentage2:44.47%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in South Dakota.

See also: List of United States senators from South Dakota.

Utah

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Utah
Country:Utah
Flag Year:1913
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Utah
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Utah
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:Reed Smoot, bw photo portrait, Bain News Service.jpg
Nominee1:Reed Smoot
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:56,281
Percentage1:49.08%
Nominee2:James Moyle
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:53,128
Percentage2:46.33%
Map Size:200px
U.S. senator
Before Election:Reed Smoot
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Election:Reed Smoot
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See also: List of United States senators from Utah.

Vermont

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Vermont
Country:Vermont
Flag Year:1837
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1908 United States Senate election in Vermont
Previous Year:1908
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Vermont
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:William Paul Dillingham (1843-1923) in 1904 (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:William P. Dillingham
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:35,137
Percentage1:56.05%
Party2:Progressive Party (United States, 1912)
Nominee2:Charles A. Prouty
Popular Vote2:26,766
Percentage2:42.6%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Election:William P. Dillingham
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Election:William P. Dillingham
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Vermont.

See also: List of United States senators from Vermont.

Washington

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Washington
Country:Washington
Flag Image:File:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Washington
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1920 United States Senate election in Washington
Next Year:1920
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:Wesley Livsey Jones.jpg
Nominee1:Wesley L. Jones
Party1:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote1:130,479
Percentage1:37.79%
Nominee2:William W. Black
Party2:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote2:91,733
Percentage2:26.57%
Image4:File:Hanson-Ole-1919.jpg
Nominee4:Ole Hanson
Party4:Progressive Party (US, 1912)
Popular Vote4:83,282
Percentage4:24.12%
Nominee5:Adam H. Barth
Party5:Socialist Party of America
Popular Vote5:30,234
Percentage5:8.76%
Map Size:275px
U.S. senator
Before Election:Wesley L. Jones
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Election:Wesley L. Jones
After Party:Republican Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Washington.

See also: List of United States senators from Washington.

Wisconsin

Election Name:1914 United States Senate election in Wisconsin
Country:Wisconsin
Flag Year:1913
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1909 United States Senate election in Wisconsin
Previous Year:1909
Next Election:1918 United States Senate special election in Wisconsin
Next Year:1918 (special)
Election Date:November 3, 1914
Image1:File:SenatorHusting.jpg
Nominee1:Paul O. Husting
Party1:Democratic Party (US)
Popular Vote1:134,925
Percentage1:43.81%
Nominee2:Francis E. McGovern
Party2:Republican Party (US)
Popular Vote2:133,969
Percentage2:43.50%
Image3:File:Seidell-Emil-1910.jpg
Nominee3:Emil Seidel
Party3:Socialist Party of America
Popular Vote3:29,774
Percentage3:9.67%
Map Size:250px
U.S. senator
Before Election:Isaac Stephenson
Before Party:Republican Party (US)
After Election:Paul O. Husting
After Party:Democratic Party (US)

See main article: 1914 United States Senate election in Wisconsin.

See also: List of United States senators from Wisconsin.

See also

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. https://news.bloomberglaw.com/us-law-week/warnock-win-seals-perfect-2022-for-senators-seeking-re-election Warnock Win Seals Perfect 2022 for Senators Seeking Re-election
  2. Web site: BRISTOW, Joseph Little - Biographical Information . Bioguide.congress.gov . March 3, 1915 . December 19, 2017.
  3. Book: Dubin, Michael J. . 1788 United States congressional elections-1997 : the official results of the elections of the 1st through 105th congresses . McFarland . 1998 . 0786402830 . Jefferson, NC [u.a.] . 407.
  4. Book: Dean, John W. . Warren G. Harding . Times Books . 2004 . 0805069569 . 1. . New York . 34–37 . 1914 harding hogan. . John W. Dean . registration.
  5. Book: Russell, Francis . The Shadow of Blooming Grove: Warren G. Harding In His Times . Easton Press . 1962 . 0-07-054338-0 . Russell . Francis Russell (author).
  6. Web site: Life Before the Presidency . 12 June 2012 . American President: Warren Gamaliel Harding . American President: A Reference Resource.