1914 Ontario general election explained

Election Name:1914 Ontario general election
Country:Ontario
Type:parliamentary
Ongoing:no
Party Colour:no
Party Name:no
Previous Election:1911 Ontario general election
Previous Year:1911
Previous Mps:13th Legislative Assembly of Ontario
Next Election:1919 Ontario general election
Next Year:1919
Seats For Election:111 seats in the 14th Legislative Assembly of Ontario
56 seats were needed for a majority
Election Date:June 29, 1914
Leader1:James P. Whitney
Leader Since1:1896
Leaders Seat1:Dundas
Last Election1:83
Seats1:84
Seat Change1:1
Percentage1:55.3%
Swing1:0.3pp
Leader2:Newton Rowell
Leader Since2:1911
Leaders Seat2:Oxford North
Last Election2:22
Seats2:24
Seat Change2:2
Percentage2:38.6%
Swing2:0.1pp
Premier
Posttitle:Premier after election
Before Election:James P. Whitney
After Election:James P. Whitney

The 1914 Ontario general election was the 14th general election held in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on June 29, 1914, to elect the 111 Members of the 14th Legislative Assembly of Ontario (MLAs).[1]

The Ontario Conservative Party, led by Sir James P. Whitney, won a fourth consecutive term in government. Whitney died three months after the election and was succeeded by William Howard Hearst. The Conservatives contested 109 of the 111 ridings, deciding not to have candidates stand in Glengarry (where the Liberal Hugh Munro was acclaimed) and Norfolk North (where the Liberal incumbent Thomas Robert Atkinson was up against a Liberal anti-Temperance candidate).[2] However, dissension within the Tory ranks resulted in a significant number of them campaigning as either independent or temperance candidates.[2]

The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Newton Rowell, formed the official opposition.

Independent Labour MLA Allan Studholme was re-elected in Hamilton East. He had held the seat since a 1906 by-election.

The campaign was seen to turn more significantly on the matter of Regulation 17 (which limited instruction in French-language Catholic separate schools), in comparison to temperance issues, and that worked against the Liberals,[3] who placed Prohibition of sales in bars and clubs as a main plank in their platform.

Expansion of the Legislative Assembly

An Act passed prior to the election expanded the number of members from 106 to 111, and the number of ridings from 103 to 107.[4] The following changes were made:

The Patricia Portion acquired in 1912 was divided between Cochrane and Kenora.

Results

[1] |-! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party! rowspan=2 | Party leader! colspan=5 | MPPs! colspan=3 | Votes|-! Candidates!1911!Dissol.!1914!±!#!%! ± (pp)|style="text-align:left;"|James P. Whitney|109|82||84|2|268,548|54.02%|1.57|style="text-align:left;"|Newton Rowell|90|22||24|2|186,168|37.45%|1.06|style="text-align:left;"||4|1||1||6,535|1.31%|1.12|style="text-align:left;"||2| - | - |1|1|2,236|0.45%||-|style="background:#FF00FF;" rowspan="4"| |style="text-align:left;"|Temperance|style="text-align:left;"||9| - | - | - ||13,064|2.63%||-|style="text-align:left;"|Liberal-Temperance|style="text-align:left;"||1| - | - |1|1|2,733|0.55%||-|style="text-align:left;"|Conservative-Temperance|style="text-align:left;"||2| - | - | - ||2,222|0.45%|0.02|-|style="text-align:left;"|Prohibitionist|style="text-align:left;"||1| - | - | - ||1,302|0.26%||style="text-align:left;"|||1|| - |1|colspan="3"|Did not campaign|style="text-align:left;"||5| - | - | - ||4,837|0.97%|0.07|style="text-align:left;"||12| - | - | - ||4,532|0.91%|0.04|style="text-align:left;"||4| - | - | - ||4,270|0.86%|0.11|style="text-align:left;"||1| - | - | - ||691|0.14%||colspan="3"|||colspan="5"||-style="background:#E9E9E9;"|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"|Total|240|106|106|111||497,138|100.00%||-|colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|Blank and invalid ballots|align="right"|7,304|style="background:#E9E9E9;" colspan="2"||-style="background:#E9E9E9;"|colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|Registered voters / turnout|697,935|72.28%|8.02|}

Party !! Seats !! Votes !! colspan="3"
Change (pp)
 Temperance factions

Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1914 Ontario general election
RidingWinning partyTurnout
[5]
Votes
Name[6] 1911Party Votes Share Margin
#
Margin
%
ConLibLabI-LibI-ConTotal
 
AddingtonConCon1,841 78.27% 1,330 59.70% 71.18% 1,841 511 2,352
AlgomaConCon1,959 56.50% 451 13.01% 65.22% 1,959 1,508 3,467
Brant NorthConLib1,987 50.62% 49 1.25% 77.56% 1,938 1,987 3,925
Brant SouthConLib3,594 52.50% 342 5.00% 73.48% 3,252 3,594 6,846
BrockvilleConCon1,768 49.08% 466 12.94% 70.40% 1,768 472 1,302 60 3,602
Bruce NorthLibLib1,736 50.10% 7 0.20% 86.41% 1,729 1,736 3,465
Bruce SouthLibCon1,820 54.77% 317 9.54% 76.76% 1,820 1,503 3,323
Bruce WestLibLib2,153 58.84% 647 17.68% 72.10% 1,506 2,153 3,659
CarletonConCon1,712 75.92% 1,169 51.84% 46.30% 1,712 543 2,255
CochraneNewLib1,197 41.52% 28 0.97% 35.89% 1,169 1,197 517 2,883
DufferinConCon2,094 57.48% 545 14.96% 66.68% 2,094 1,549 3,643
DundasConCon2,212 58.97% 673 17.94% 75.17% 2,212 1,539 3,751
Durham EastConCon1,720 58.82% 516 17.65% 72.61% 1,720 1,204 2,924
Durham WestConCon1,647 53.63% 223 7.26% 79.77% 1,647 1,424 3,071
Elgin EastConCon2,234 54.01% 332 8.03% 77.18% 2,234 1,902 4,136
Elgin WestConCon3,386 55.92% 717 11.84% 69.16% 3,386 2,669 6,055
Essex NorthConLib2,431 57.58% 640 15.16% 64.26% 1,791 2,431 4,222
Essex SouthConLib2,196 50.38% 33 0.76% 77.88% 2,163 2,196 4,359
Fort WilliamConCon2,385 55.63% 483 11.27% 39.75% 2,385 1,902 4,287
FrontenacConCon1,623 55.45% 319 10.90% 64.24% 1,623 1,304 2,927
GlengarryLibLibacclaimed
GrenvilleConCon2,082 56.42% 474 12.85% 71.28% 2,082 1,608 3,690
Grey CentreConCon2,404 61.47% 897 22.94% 65.52% 2,404 1,507 3,911
Grey NorthLibCon2,943 56.50% 677 13.00% 68.85% 2,943 2,266 5,209
Grey SouthConCon2,866 60.78% 1,017 21.57% 69.21% 2,866 1,849 4,715
HaldimandLibCon2,692 53.02% 307 6.05% 81.12% 2,692 2,385 5,077
HaltonConCon2,676 53.17% 319 6.34% 74.46% 2,676 2,357 5,033
Hamilton EastLabLab4,496 56.16% 987 12.33% 61.09% 3,509 4,496 8,005
Hamilton WestConCon3,361 63.28% 1,411 26.57% 61.36% 3,361 1,950 5,311
Hastings EastConCon2,155 63.78% 931 27.55% 67.73% 2,155 1,224 3,379
Hastings NorthConCon2,247 79.01% 1,650 58.02% 53.77% 2,247 597 2,844
Hastings WestConCon2,347 62.67% 949 25.34% 68.31% 2,347 1,398 3,745
Huron CentreLibLib2,165 53.98% 319 7.95% 77.20% 1,846 2,165 4,011
Huron NorthConCon2,103 51.59% 130 3.19% 84.14% 2,103 1,973 4,076
Huron SouthConCon2,159 54.06% 324 8.11% 57.87% 2,159 1,835 3,994
KenoraConConacclaimed
Kent EastLibLib2,566 53.90% 371 7.79% 73.65% 2,195 2,566 4,761
Kent WestConCon4,017 50.08% 13 0.16% 76.12% 4,017 4,004 8,021
KingstonConCon2,900 66.94% 1,468 33.89% 72.51% 2,900 1,432 4,332
Lambton EastLibCon2,154 50.05% 4 0.09% 81.45% 2,154 2,150 4,304
Lambton WestConCon3,924 55.71% 804 11.41% 74.43% 3,924 3,120 7,044
Lanark NorthConCon1,666 51.88% 121 3.77% 77.60% 1,666 1,545 3,211
Lanark SouthConCon1,860 53.76% 548 15.84% 66.23% 1,860 1,312 288 3,460
LeedsConCon2,025 55.75% 418 11.51% 69.93% 2,025 1,607 3,632
LennoxConCon1,485 53.59% 199 7.18% 76.40% 1,485 1,286 2,771
LincolnConLib2,051 53.68% 281 7.35% 77.56% 1,770 2,051 3,821
LondonConCon4,350 57.08% 1,496 19.63% 63.27% 4,350 2,854 417 7,621
ManitoulinConCon1,163 55.38% 226 10.76% 54.14% 1,163 937 2,100
Middlesex EastLibCon2,383 54.68% 408 9.36% 71.90% 2,383 1,975 4,358
Middlesex NorthConLib1,989 51.56% 120 3.11% 78.43% 1,869 1,989 3,858
Middlesex WestLibLib1,798 62.30% 710 24.60% 75.04% 1,088 1,798 2,886
MuskokaConCon2,056 63.09% 853 26.17% 63.44% 2,056 1,203 3,259
Niagara FallsNewCon2,444 54.01% 969 21.41% 66.28% 2,444 1,475 606 4,525
NipissingConCon1,638 45.46% 58 1.61% 55.72% 1,638 1,580 385 3,603
Norfolk NorthLibLib1,927 73.61% 1,236 47.21% 58.05% 1,927 691 2,618
Norfolk SouthConCon1,381 53.24% 168 6.48% 74.20% 1,381 1,213 2,594
Northumberland EastConCon2,426 57.50% 633 15.00% 71.39% 2,426 1,793 4,219
Northumberland WestLibLib1,609 52.26% 139 4.51% 83.58% 1,470 1,609 3,079
Ontario NorthConCon1,877 54.14% 287 8.28% 81.56% 1,877 1,590 3,467
Ontario SouthLibCon2,772 50.47% 52 0.95% 75.19% 2,772 2,720 5,492
Ottawa EastConLib2,843 53.75% 865 16.35% 64.73% 1,978 2,843 468 5,289
Ottawa WestConLib5,018 50.54% 108 1.09% 57.43% 4,910 5,018 9,928
Oxford NorthLibLib3,048 50.94% 113 1.89% 80.84% 2,935 3,048 5,983
Oxford SouthLibCon2,582 50.01% 1 0.02% 76.78% 2,582 2,581 5,163
ParkdaleNewCon2,981 55.98% 637 11.96% 58.16% 2,981 2,344 5,325
Parry SoundConCon2,770 58.84% 832 17.67% 56.57% 2,770 1,938 4,708
PeelConCon2,855 56.17% 627 12.34% 73.89% 2,855 2,228 5,083
Perth NorthConCon3,840 55.19% 1,117 16.05% 76.19% 3,840 2,723 395 6,958
Perth SouthConCon2,375 52.31% 210 4.63% 81.94% 2,375 2,165 4,540
Peterborough EastConCon1,783 57.76% 479 15.52% 69.57% 1,783 1,304 3,087
Peterborough WestConLib2,587 51.69% 169 3.38% 73.48% 2,418 2,587 5,005
Port ArthurConCon2,219 49.45% 789 17.58% 58.80% 2,219 1,430 838 4,487
PrescottLibI-Lib1,768 43.01% 349 8.49% 68.21% 924 1,419 1,768 4,111
Prince EdwardConLib1,943 47.76% 97 2.38% 79.31% 1,846 1,943 279 4,068
Rainy RiverL-ConCon1,196 60.22% 406 20.44% 53.23% 1,196 790 1,986
Renfrew NorthConCon2,548 57.76% 685 15.53% 76.39% 2,548 1,863 4,411
Renfrew SouthConConacclaimed
RiverdaleNewCon3,299 69.06% 1,962 41.07% 55.73% 3,299 1,337 141 4,777
RussellLibLib3,851 73.10% 2,434 46.20% 56.99% 1,417 3,851 5,268
St. CatharinesNewCon2,863 68.22% 1,529 36.43% 60.38% 2,863 1,334 4,197
Sault Ste. MarieConCon2,231 60.92% 800 21.85% 52.73% 2,231 1,431 3,662
Simcoe CentreConCon2,247 53.27% 276 6.54% 73.17% 2,247 1,971 4,218
Simcoe EastConCon3,293 57.90% 899 15.81% 67.00% 3,293 2,394 5,687
Simcoe SouthConCon1,447 66.62% 722 33.24% 59.86% 1,447 725 2,172
Simcoe WestConCon2,233 66.05% 1,085 32.09% 64.58% 2,233 1,148 3,381
StormontConCon2,436 51.46% 138 2.92% 69.88% 2,436 2,298 4,734
Sturgeon FallsLibLib1,650 75.65% 1,119 51.31% 62.51% 531 1,650 2,181
SudburyConCon2,047 54.78% 357 9.55% 53.61% 2,047 1,690 3,737
TimiskamingConCon2,838 48.45% 731 12.48% 50.34% 2,838 2,107 912 5,857
Toronto Northeast - ANewCon5,956 58.25% 1,687 16.50% 58.97% 5,956 4,269 10,225
Toronto Northeast - BNewCon5,666 55.86% 1,189 11.72% 58.50% 5,666 4,477 10,143
Toronto Northwest - ANewCon6,153 61.59% 2,315 23.17% 53.24% 6,153 3,838 9,991
Toronto Northwest - BNewCon5,974 59.86% 2,512 25.17% 41.57% 5,974 3,462 544 9,980
Toronto Southeast - ANewCon4,296 71.85% 2,876 48.10% 53.41% 4,296 1,420 263 5,979
Toronto Southeast - BNewCon4,362 73.36% 2,778 46.72% 53.41% 4,362 1,584 5,946
Toronto Southwest - ANewCon6,127 68.84% 3,696 47.61% 52.45% 6,127 2,431 342 8,900
Toronto Southwest - BNewCon6,509 72.32% 4,018 48.15% 52.76% 6,509 2,491 9,000
Victoria NorthNewCon1,474 59.36% 465 18.73% 52.67% 1,474 1,009 2,483
Victoria SouthNewCon2,232 55.48% 545 13.55% 74.50% 2,232 1,687 104 4,023
Waterloo NorthConCon3,787 56.40% 1,454 21.65% 69.35% 3,787 2,333 595 6,715
Waterloo SouthConCon3,251 50.73% 856 13.36% 66.55% 3,251 2,395 762 6,408
WellandConCon2,541 59.90% 840 19.80% 63.89% 2,541 1,701 4,242
Wellington EastLibLib1,946 55.05% 357 10.10% 75.49% 1,589 1,946 3,535
Wellington SouthConL-Tmp2,733 49.11% 104 1.87% 76.42% 2,629 2,733 203 5,565
Wellington WestConCon1,720 52.20% 145 4.40% 76.80% 1,720 1,575 3,295
Wentworth NorthLibCon1,586 50.33% 21 0.67% 78.05% 1,586 1,565 3,151
Wentworth SouthConCon1,704 55.72% 350 11.45% 71.28% 1,704 1,354 3,058
WindsorNewLib2,309 42.59% 398 7.34% 59.38% 3,112 2,309 5,421
York EastConCon3,671 56.51% 846 13.02% 58.62% 3,671 2,825 6,496
York NorthConCon2,826 52.42% 261 4.84% 81.09% 2,826 2,565 5,391
York WestConConacclaimed

= open seat

= turnout is above provincial average

= winning candidate was in previous Legislature

= incumbent had switched allegiance

= previously incumbent in another riding

= not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature

= incumbency arose from byelection gain

= incumbency arose from prior election result being overturned by the court

= other incumbents renominated

= joint Conservative candidate

= Prohibition candidate

= joint Liberal candidate

= previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada

= multiple candidates

Analysis

Party candidates in 2nd place
Party in 1st place Party in 2nd place Total
Con Lib Lab Ind I-Con
3 65 1 9 2 2 1 1 84
1 22 1 24
1 1
1 1
1 1
Total4 24 66 1 9 2 2 1 1 1 111
Candidates ranked 1st to 4th place, by party
Parties 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
3 81 24 2
1 23 66 1
1 1 2
1 1
1
9
2 3
2
1 1
1
1
11 1
Source !!colspan="6"
Party
align="center" Con align="center" Lib align="center" Lab align="center" I-Lib align="center" L-TmpTotal
Seats retained Incumbents returned 52 9 1 62
Acclamations3 1 4
Open seats held6 2 8
Seats changing hands Incumbents defeated4 6 1 11
Open seats gained2 4 6
Byelection gains held2 2
Incumbent changed allegiance1 1 2
New seats New MLAs6 2 8
Previously incumbent8 8
Total84 24 1 1 1 111

Results summary by region

Distribution of seats and popular vote %, by party by region (1914)
RegionCandidatesSeatsVote share (%)
align="center" Con align="center" LibTemp align="center" Soc align="center" Ind align="center" Lab align="center" Ind-Con align="center" Ind-Lib align="center" Lib-Anti-T align="center" Total align="center" Con align="center" Lib align="center" Lab align="center" Ind-Lib align="center" L-Temp align="center" Con align="center" LibTemp align="center" Lab align="center" Ind align="center" Soc align="center" Ind-Lib align="center" Ind-Con align="center" Lib-Anti-T
Northern Ontario 12 10 1 1 3 27 10 2 50.66% 39.96% 2.45% 5.58% 1.35%
Ottawa Valley 9 8 1 2 20 5 3 1 44.86% 48.49% 0.76% 5.89%
St Lawrence Valley 6 6 1 1 1 15 6 1 56.54% 30.95% 5.48% 0.25% 6.77%
Georgian Bay 8 7 1 16 7 1 58.31% 38.11% 3.58%
Central Ontario 15 10 3 1 2 1 32 12 3 57.45% 30.92% 5.45% 5.41% 0.21% 0.56%
Wentworth-Halton-Niagara 9 6 1 1 2 19 7 1 1 54.31% 26.01% 4.11% 14.10% 1.47%
Midwestern Ontario 21 18 4 4 1 48 14 7 1 50.49% 39.09% 7.78% 1.94% 0.69%
Southwestern Ontario 14 13 1 28 7 6 51.70% 47.67% 0.62%
Peel-York-Ontario 6 5 11 6 54.00% 46.00%
Toronto 10 8 2 4 24 10 63.94% 29.87% 4.59% 1.61%
Total 110 91 13 12 5 4 2 2 1 240 84 24 1 1 1 54.40% 37.54% 3.89% 1.31% 0.97% 0.91% 0.45% 0.38% 0.14%

MLAs elected by region and riding

Party designations are as follows:

Italicized names indicate members returned by acclamation.

Northern Ontario
Ottawa Valley
Saint Lawrence Valley
Georgian Bay
Central Ontario
Wentworth/Halton/Niagara
Midwestern Ontario
Southwestern Ontario
Peel/York/Ontario
Toronto

Reorganization of ridings

The newly created ridings returned the following MLAs:

19111914
RidingPartyRidingParty
Essex NorthEssex North
Windsor
MonckLincoln
Lincoln
Withdrawn from LincolnSt. Catharines
WellandNiagara Falls
Welland
TimiskamingTimiskaming
Cochrane
Bruce CentreBruce West
Toronto ridings:
(8 MLAs)
Parkdale
Riverdale
Toronto NortheastA
B
Toronto NorthwestA
B
Toronto SoutheastA
B
Toronto SouthwestA
B

Seats that changed hands

Elections to the 12th Parliament of Ontario – unaltered seats won/lost by party, 1911–1914
Party1911Gain from (loss to)1914
ConLibLabI-LibL-TmpL-Con
71 8 (8) (1) 1 71
20 8 (8) (1) 191 1[7]  - 1 1 - 1 1[8] 1 (1)  -
Total 939 (9) 9 (9)  -  -  - (1)  - (1) 1  - 93

There were 20 seats that changed allegiance in the election:

Liberal to Conservative
Liberal to Independent-Liberal
Liberal-Conservative to Conservative
Conservative to Liberal
Conservative to Liberal-Temperance

Acclamations

Party !! Riding !! Candidate
  ConservativeHarold Arthur Clement Machin
Thomas William McGarry
Forbes Godfrey
Hugh Munro

When nominations closed, three candidates were acclaimed.[2] A later withdrawal in Kenora enabled the acclamation of Harold Arthur Clement Machin.[9]

Forbes Godfrey (York West) was acclaimed because the Liberal candidate was held to have missed the deadline by one minute.[2] In Wellington East, the Liberals opted not to press a similar case against the Conservative candidate, whose nomination papers were filed 90 minutes after the deadline.[10]

See also

Notes and references

References

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 1914 General Election . Elections Ontario . Elections Ontario . January 3, 2021.
  2. News: . June 23, 1914. The Ontario Campaign is Hotly Contested. The Daily British Whig. Kingston. 8.
  3. News: . June 30, 1914. Sir James' Triumph. The Toronto World. 6.
  4. The Representation Act. S.O.. 1914. 4. https://archive.org/details/statutesofprovin1914onta/page/20/mode/2up.
  5. Book: . 1915. Sessional Papers (Vol. XLVIIPart XII). Sessional Paper No. 50. https://archive.org/details/n12ontariosessional47ontauoft/page/n602/mode/1up. Toronto. Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 5–6.
  6. order is as given in EO reports
  7. [Gustave Évanturel]
  8. [James Arthur Mathieu]
  9. News: . June 24, 1914. Pith of the News. The Daily British Whig. Kingston. 1.
  10. News: . June 26, 1914. Provincial Election: Only 3 Elected by Acclamation. Newmarket Era. 2.