| Year: | 1912 |
| Type: | Presidential election year |
| Election Day: | November 5 |
| Incumbent President: | William Howard Taft (Republican) |
| Next Congress: | 63rd |
| President Control: | Democratic gain |
| President Candidate1: | Woodrow Wilson (D) |
| Electoral Vote1: | 435 |
| President Candidate2: | Theodore Roosevelt (P) |
| Electoral Vote2: | 88 |
| President Candidate3: | William Howard Taft (R) |
| Electoral Vote3: | 8 |
| President Pv Margin: | Democratic +14.4% |
| President Map Caption: | 1912 presidential election results. Red denotes states won by Taft, blue denotes states won by Wilson, and light green denotes states won by Roosevelt. Numbers indicate the electoral votes won by each candidate. |
| Senate Seats Contested: | 32 of 96 seats[1] |
| Senate Control: | Democratic gain |
| Senate Net Change: | Democratic +4[2] |
| Senate Map Caption: | 1912 Senate results |
| House Seats Contested: | All 435 voting members |
| House Control: | Democratic Hold |
| House Net Change: | Democratic +62 |
| House Map Caption: | 1912 House of Representatives results |
| Governor Seats Contested: | 33 |
| Governor Net Change: | Democratic +4 |
| Governor Map Caption: | 1912 gubernatorial election results |
The 1912 United States elections elected the members of the 63rd United States Congress, occurring during the Fourth Party System. Amidst a division between incumbent Republican President William Howard Taft and former Republican President Theodore Roosevelt, the Democratic Party won the presidency and both chambers of Congress, the first time they accomplished that feat since the 1892 elections.
In the presidential election, Democratic Governor Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey defeated Republican President William Howard Taft and former president and Progressive Party nominee Theodore Roosevelt.[3] Socialist union leader Eugene Debs, running his fourth campaign, took six percent of the vote.[3] At the 1912 Democratic National Convention, Wilson took the nomination on the 46th ballot, defeating Speaker Champ Clark and several other candidates. Roosevelt left the Republican Party after an unsuccessful challenge to Taft at the 1912 Republican National Convention. Though Wilson carried just over 40% of the popular vote, he dominated the electoral college and won a greater share of the electoral vote than any candidate since Ulysses S. Grant in 1872. Wilson's election made him the first Democratic president since Grover Cleveland. Roosevelt's candidacy finished second in the popular vote and the electoral college, the only time a third party candidate accomplished either feat.
Following the 1910 census, 41 seats were added to the House, setting the House at its current number of 435 seats.[4] Democrats made major gains in the House, further strengthening their majority, while the new Progressive Party won ten seats.[5]
In the last Senate election before the ratification of the 17th Amendment, Democrats made moderate gains and won control of the chamber for the first time since the 1892 election.[6]