1910 United States census explained

Thirteenth census of the United States
Country:	United States
Region Type:	state
Date:	April 15, 1910
Population:	92,228,496
Percent Change:	21%
Most Populous:	New York 9,113,614
Least Populous:	Nevada 81,875
Previous Census:	1900 United States census
Previous Year:	1900
Next Census:	1920 United States census
Next Year:	1920

The 1910 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau on April 15, 1910, determined the resident population of the United States to be 92,228,496, an increase of 21 percent over the 76,212,168 persons enumerated during the 1900 census. The 1910 census switched from a portrait page orientation to a landscape orientation.

This was the last census in which Texas did not record any top 50 largest cities by population, despite being the 5th most populous state at the time. It was also the first census in which all the top 50 largest cities had population over 100,000, and the first census to occur after New York City's five-borough amalgamation — Brooklyn was previously the 4th largest city in the United States on its own.

The 1910 census was the first to use metropolitan districts, the predecessor to modern metropolitan statistical areas, which were defined for all cities with at least 200,000 people.^[1]

Organization

Dr. Edward Dana Durand, then-head of the Bureau of Corporations, was appointed in 1909 to oversee the census.^[2] $14 million were allocated to conduct the census.

Census questions

The 1910 census collected the following information:^[3]

address
name
relationship to head of family
sex
race
age
marital status and, if married, number of years of present marriage
for women, number of children born and number now living
place of birth and mother tongue of person, and their parents
if foreign born, year of immigration; whether naturalized; whether able to speak English and, if unable, language spoken
occupation, industry and class of worker
if an employee, whether out of work during year
literacy
school attendance
whether home owned or rented, and, if owned, whether mortgaged
whether farm or house
whether a survivor of Union or Confederate Army or Navy
whether blind, deaf, or dumb

Full documentation for the 1910 census, including census forms and enumerator instructions, is available from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series.

Column titles

The column titles in the census form are as follows:

LOCATION.Street, avenue, road, etc.
House number (in cities or towns).
1. Number of dwelling house in order of visitation.
2. Number of family in order of visitation.----3. NAME of each person whose place of abode on April 15, 1910, was in this family.

Enter surname first, then the given name and middle initial, if any.

Include every person living on April 15, 1910. Omit children born since April 15, 1910.----RELATION.

4. Relationship of this person to the head of the family.----PERSONAL DESCRIPTION.

5. Sex.

6. Color or race.

7. Age at last birthday.

8. Whether single, married, widowed, or divorced.

9. Number of years of present marriage.

10. Mother of how many children: Number born.

11. Mother of how many children: Number now living.----NATIVITY.

Place of birth of each person and parents of each person enumerated. If born in the United States, give the state or territory. If of foreign birth, give the country.

12. Place of birth of this Person.

13. Place of birth of Father of this person.

14. Place of birth of Mother of this person.

----CITIZENSHIP.

15. Year of immigration to the United States.

16. Whether naturalized or alien.----17. Whether able to speak English; or, if not, give language spoken.----OCCUPATION.

18. Trade or profession of, or particular kind of work done by this person, as spinner, salesman, laborer, etc.,

19. General nature of industry, business, or establishment in which this person works, as cotton mill, dry goods store, farm, etc.

20. Whether as employer, employee, or work on own account.----If an employee –21. Whether out of work on April 15, 1910.

22. Number of weeks out of work during year 1909.----EDUCATION.

23. Whether able to read.

24. Whether able to write.

25. Attended school any time since September 1, 1909.----OWNERSHIP OF HOME.

26. Owned or rented.

27. Owned free or mortgaged.

28. Farm or house.

29. Number of farm schedule.----30. Whether a survivor of the Union or Confederate Army or Navy.----31. Whether blind (both eyes).----32. Whether deaf and dumb.----

State rankings

Rank	Population as of 1910 census^[4]	Population as of 1900 census	Change	Percent change
1	9,113,614	7,268,894	1,844,720	25.4%
2	7,665,111	6,302,115	1,362,996	21.6%
3	5,638,591	4,821,550	817,041	16.9%
4	4,767,121	4,157,545	609,576	14.7%
5	3,896,542	3,048,710	847,832	27.8%
6	3,366,416	2,805,346	561,070	20.0%
7	3,293,335	3,106,665	186,670	6.0%
8	2,810,173	2,420,982	389,191	16.1%
9	2,700,876	2,516,462	184,414	7.3%
10	2,609,121	2,216,331	392,790	17.7%
11	2,537,167	1,883,669	653,498	34.7%
12	2,377,549	1,485,053	892,496	60.1%
13	2,333,860	2,069,042	264,818	12.8%
14	2,289,905	2,147,174	142,731	6.6%
15	2,224,771	2,231,853	−7,082	−0.3%
16	2,206,287	1,893,810	312,477	16.5%
17	2,184,789	2,020,616	164,173	8.1%
18	2,138,093	1,828,697	309,396	16.9%
19	2,075,708	1,751,394	324,314	18.5%
20	2,061,612	1,854,184	207,428	11.2%
21	1,797,114	1,551,270	245,844	15.8%
22	1,690,949	1,470,495	220,454	15.0%
23	1,657,155	790,391	866,764	109.7%
24	1,656,388	1,381,625	274,763	19.9%
25	1,574,449	1,311,564	262,885	20.0%
26	1,515,400	1,340,316	175,084	13.1%
27	1,295,346	1,188,044	107,302	9.0%
28	1,221,119	958,800	262,319	27.4%
29	1,192,214	1,066,300	125,914	11.8%
30	1,141,990	518,103	623,887	120.4%
31	1,114,756	908,420	206,336	22.7%
32	799,024	539,700	259,324	48.0%
33	752,619	528,542	224,077	42.4%
34	742,371	694,466	47,905	6.9%
35	672,765	413,536	259,229	62.7%
36	583,888	401,570	182,318	45.4%
37	577,056	319,146	257,910	80.8%
38	542,610	428,556	114,054	26.6%
39	430,572	411,588	18,984	4.6%
40	376,053	243,329	132,724	54.5%
41	373,351	276,749	96,602	34.9%
42	355,956	343,641	12,315	3.6%
–	331,069	278,718	52,351	18.8%
–	327,301	195,310	131,991	67.6%
43	325,594	161,772	163,822	101.3%
–	204,354	122,931	81,423	66.2%
44	202,322	184,735	17,587	9.5%
–	191,874	154,001	37,873	24.6%
45	145,965	92,531	53,434	57.7%
46	81,875	42,335	39,540	93.4%
–	64,356	63,592	764	1.2%

City rankings

Rank	Population	Region (2016)^[5]
01	4,766,883	Northeast
02	2,185,283	Midwest
03	1,549,008	Northeast
04	687,029	Midwest
05	670,585	Northeast
06	560,663	Midwest
07	558,485	South
08	533,905	Northeast
09	465,766	Midwest
10	423,715	Northeast
11	416,912	West
12	373,857	Midwest
13	363,591	Midwest
14	347,469	Northeast
15	339,075	South
16	331,069	South
17	319,198	West
18	301,408	Midwest
19	267,779	Northeast
20	248,381	Midwest
21	237,194	West
22	233,650	Midwest
23	224,326	Northeast
24	223,928	South
25	218,149	Northeast
26	214,744	Midwest
27	213,381	West
28	207,214	West
29	181,511	Midwest
30	168,497	Midwest
31	154,839	South
32	150,174	West
33	145,986	Northeast
34	137,249	Northeast
35	133,605	Northeast
36	132,685	South
37	131,105	South
38	129,867	Northeast
39	127,628	South
40	125,600	Northeast
41	124,096	Midwest
42	119,295	Northeast
43	116,577	Midwest
44	112,571	Midwest
45	110,364	South
46	106,294	Northeast
47	104,839	Northeast
48	104,402	West
49	102,054	Northeast
50	100,253	Northeast
51	98,915	Northeast
52	96,815	Northeast
53	96,652	Northeast
54	96,614	South
55	96,071	Northeast
56	94,538	Northeast
57	92,777	West
58	92,104	South
59	89,336	Northeast
60	88,926	Northeast
61	87,411	South
62	86,368	Midwest
63	85,892	Northeast
64	83,743	West
65	82,331	Midwest
66	79,803	Northeast
67	79,066	Midwest
68	78,800	South
69	78,466	Midwest
70	77,403	Midwest
71	77,236	Northeast
72	76,813	Northeast
73	74,419	Northeast
74	73,409	Northeast
75	73,312	South
76	73,141	Northeast
77	72,826	Northeast
78	70,324	Northeast
79	70,063	Northeast
80	69,647	Midwest
81	69,067	Midwest
82	67,452	South
83	67,105	Northeast
84	66,950	Midwest
85	66,525	Northeast
86	65,064	South
87	64,205	South
88	64,186	Northeast
89	63,933	Midwest
90	58,833	South
91	58,571	Northeast
92	58,547	Midwest
93	58,157	Midwest
94	57,730	Northeast
95	57,699	South
96	56,878	Northeast
97	55,545	Northeast
98	55,482	Northeast
99	54,773	Northeast
100	53,684	Midwest

Locations of 50 most populous cities

First language of the foreign-born population

!Rank!Language!White population^[6]
1	English and Celtic	3,363,792
2	German	2,759,032
3	Italian	1,365,110
4	Yiddish and Hebrew	1,051,767
5	Polish	943,781
6	Swedish	683,218
7	French	528,842
8	Norwegian	402,587
9	Spanish	258,131
10	Hungarian	229,094
11	Czech	228,738
12	Danish	183,844
13	Slovak	166,474
14	Dutch	151,825
15	Lithuanian and Latvian	140,963
16	Slovene	123,631
17	Finnish	119,948
18	Greek	118,379
19	Serbo-Croatian	105,669
20	Portuguese	72,649
21	Russian	57,926
22	Romanian	42,277
23	Arabic	32,868
24	Ukrainian	25,131
25	Armenian	23,938
26	Bulgarian	18,341
27	Turkish	4,709
28	Albanian	2,312

Data availability

The original census enumeration sheets were microfilmed by the Census Bureau in the 1940s; after which the original sheets were destroyed.^[7] The microfilmed census is available in rolls from the National Archives and Records Administration. Several organizations also host images of the microfilmed census online, along with digital indices.

Microdata from the 1910 census are freely available through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series. Aggregate data for small areas, together with electronic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System.

External links

1911 U.S Census Report Contains 1910 census results
Historic US Census data

Notes and References

Gardner . Todd . February 2021 . Changes in Metropolitan Area Definition, 1910–2010 . 12 . United States Census Bureau . . January 26, 2024.
Willis . H. Parker . 1913 . The Thirteenth Census . Journal of Political Economy . en . 21 . 7 . 577–592 . 10.1086/252277 . 0022-3808.
Web site: Library Bibliography Bulletin 88, New York State Census Records, 1790–1925 . 45 (p. 51 of PDF) . October 1981 . . December 15, 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090130004637/http://purl.org/net/nysl/nysdocs/9643270 . January 30, 2009 . live .
https://www.census.gov/library/publications/1913/dec/vol-1-population.html 1910 Census: Volume 1. Population, General Report and Analysis
Web site: Regions and Divisions . U.S. Census Bureau . September 9, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161203020637/http://www.census.gov/econ/census/help/geography/regions_and_divisions.html . December 3, 2016 . dead .
Web site: June 2, 2000. Tech Paper 29: Table 6. Mother Tongue of the Foreign-Born Population: 1910 to 1940, 1960, and 1970. March 28, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20000602111328/https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0029/tab06.html. June 2, 2000.
Web site: Census Secrets . Algonquin Area Public Library District . May 17, 2012 .