1910 Minnesota Senate election explained

Election Name:1910 Minnesota Senate election
Previous Year:1906
Image4: PEO
Seats3:1
Percentage4:1.4%
Popular Vote4:3,694
Seats For Election:All 63 seats in the Minnesota Senate
Image1: GOP
Next Election:1914 Minnesota Senate election
Previous Election:1906 Minnesota Senate election
Ongoing:no
Type:legislative
Flag Year:1893
Party4:People's Party (United States)
Party3:Prohibition Party
Popular Vote3:15,948
Percentage3:6.0%
Image3: PRO
Seats1:40
Percentage1:58.4%
Popular Vote1:155,865
Seats2:20
Party1:Republican Party of Minnesota
Party2:Democratic Party of Minnesota
Percentage2:26.3%
Next Year:1914
Popular Vote2:70,243
Country:Minnesota
After Party:Minnesota Republican Party
Before Party:Minnesota Republican Party
Majority Seats:32
Map Size:300px
Seats4:1
Seats Before1:44
Seats Before2:18
Seats Before3:0
Seats Before4:1

The 1910 Minnesota Senate election was held in the U.S. state of Minnesota on November 8, 1910, to elect members to the Senate of the 37th and 38th Minnesota Legislatures.

The Minnesota Republican Party won a large majority of seats, followed by the Minnesota Democratic Party, the People's Party, and the Prohibition Party. The new Legislature convened on January 3, 1911.

14 Republicans and 4 Democrats were uncontested.[1]

Background

The last election resulted in the Minnesota Republican Party winning a large majority of seats, which they had maintained since the 1859 State Senate Election. The Minnesota Democratic Party was the main competition to the Republicans, although their chances of taking the body were considered slim to none. The major competitions of the election cycle were during the primary season, during which partisans faced off over the issue of the 'county option.' Numerous incumbents lost renomination over the issue.

Major issues of the general election campaign were addressed in a speech by then-Governor Adolph Olson Eberhart on October 5, 1910 in Mankato. He stood by what he called the "distinctly progressive" Republican Party platform. It advocated for a tariff commission that would be composed of non-partisan experts who would have control over taxes on imports, the end of political bossism, strong support for the 'county option' (as opposed to the Prohibitionists who stood for an outright statewide alcohol ban, and the Democrats who offered tepid support for the 'county option'), conservation of natural resources, fair re-apportionment, and additional funding for the state road system.[2]

Electoral system

The 63 members of the Senate were elected from single-member districts via first-past-the-post voting for four-year terms. Contested nominations of the parties for each district were determined by local party primaries. Minor party and independent candidates were nominated by petition. This was the last Minnesota Senate election to be officially partisan until 1976.

Results

Party! rowspan="2"
CandidatesVotesSeats
%
Republican Party57155,8654058.41
Democratic Party3670,2432026.32
Prohibition Party1015,94815.98
People's Party13,69411.38
Public Ownership Party1113,37905.01
Independent56,71012.51
Total266,86663100.00
[3]

Results by District

DistrictIncumbentCandidates
NamePartyFirst electedNamePartyVotes%Winner
Party
1John Q. Briggs‡Republican1906data-sort-value="Duxbury, Francis" Francis A. Duxbury[4] Republican1,657100.00Republican
2George D. French[5] Republican1908*data-sort-value="McGrath, M. J." M. J. McGrath[6] Democratic2,77648.90Democratic
data-sort-value="French, George D." George D. FrenchRepublican2,65246.71
data-sort-value="Thompson, William G." William G. ThompsonProhibition2494.39
3Lytle O. Cooke[7] Republican1902data-sort-value="Cooke, Lytle O." Lytle O. CookeRepublican2,02852.96Republican
data-sort-value="Carley, James A." James A. Carley[8] Democratic1,80147.04
4Horace H. Witherstine‡Democratic1902data-sort-value="Stebbins, Alonzo T." Alonzo T. Stebbins[9] Republican1,99350.74Republican
data-sort-value="Vermilya, James I." James I. Vermilya[10] Democratic1,93549.26
5Samuel A. Nelson[11] Republican1906data-sort-value="Nelson, Samuel A." Samuel A. NelsonRepublican2,710100.00Republican
6Alex S. Campbell[12] ‡Republican1902data-sort-value="Cook, Charles F." Charles F. Cook[13] Democratic1,79151.03Democratic
data-sort-value="Palmer, Harlan G." Harlan G. PalmerRepublican1,71948.97
7Daniel E. White[14] ‡Republican1906data-sort-value="Thoe, Fremont J." Fremont J. ThoeRepublican1,183100.00Republican
8Thomas E. Cashman[15] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Cashman, Thomas E." Thomas E. CashmanDemocratic1,92654.38Democratic
data-sort-value="Rask, Samuel A." Samuel A. Rask[16] Republican1,61645.62
9Bernhart N. Anderson[17] Republican1906data-sort-value="Anderson, Bernhart N." Bernhart N. AndersonRepublican2,03457.65Republican
data-sort-value="Nelson, H. C." H. C. NelsonDemocratic1,36038.55
data-sort-value="Kammer, Henry" Henry KammerPublic Ownership1343.80
10John Moonan[18] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Moonan, John" John MoonanDemocratic1,841100.00Democratic
11Samuel D. Works[19] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Works, Samuel D." Samuel D. WorksDemocratic2,74550.16Democratic
data-sort-value="Taylor, Benjamin" Benjamin TaylorRepublican2,72749.84
12Frank E. Putnam[20] Republican1902data-sort-value="Putnam, Frank E." Frank E. PutnamRepublican1,84567.81Republican
data-sort-value="Johnson, A. A." A. A. JohnsonDemocratic87632.19
13William A. Hinton[21] ‡Republican1906data-sort-value="Haycraft, Julius E." Julius E. Haycraft[22] Republican3,315100.00Republican
14Henry E. Hanson[23] ‡Republican1906data-sort-value="Olson, Andrew C." Andrew C. Olson[24] Republican2,11150.53Republican
data-sort-value="Knox, T. J." T. J. KnoxDemocratic2,06749.47
15Salathiel B. Bedford[25] Republican1906data-sort-value="Bedford, Salathiel B." Salathiel B. BedfordRepublican2,51756.40Republican
data-sort-value="Schaeffer, A. J." A. J. SchaefferDemocratic1,94643.60
16Edwin H. Canfield[26] §Republican1906data-sort-value="Duea, Severt B." Severt B. Duea[27] Republican1,46050.84Republican
data-sort-value="Nelson, Samuel B." Samuel B. NelsonDemocratic1,41249.16
17Virgil B. Seward[28] Republican1906data-sort-value="Lende, Olai A." Olai A. Lende[29] Republican4,862100.00Republican
18O. G. Dale[30] Republican1902data-sort-value="Dale, O. G." O. G. DaleRepublican2,45256.32Republican
data-sort-value="Skogrand, John H." John H. SkograndProhibition1,90243.68
19Frank Clague[31] ‡Republican1906data-sort-value="Clague, Frank" Frank ClagueRepublican4,624100.00Republican
20Charles A. Johnson[32] ‡Republican1902data-sort-value="Benson, Henry N." Henry N. Benson[33] Republican1,738100.00Republican
21Albert A. Poehler[34] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Poehler, Albert A." Albert A. PoehlerDemocratic1,37961.13Democratic
data-sort-value="Stark, J. W." J. W. StarkRepublican87738.87
22Darwin Hall[35] ‡Republican1886, 1906†data-sort-value="Murray, Frank" Frank Murray[36] Republican2,31459.47Republican
data-sort-value="O'Connor, T." T. O'ConnorIndependent1,57740.53
23Jonathan W. Wright[37] Republican1906data-sort-value="Peterson, Edward P." Edward P. Peterson[38] Democratic1,81052.72Democratic
data-sort-value="Martner, John A." John A. MartnerIndependent1,02729.92
data-sort-value="Wright, Jonathan W." Jonathan W. WrightRepublican59617.36
24Charles R. Donaldson[39] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Donaldson, Charles R." Charles R. DonaldsonDemocratic1,720100.00Democratic
25Frederick E. DuToit[40] ‡Democratic1898data-sort-value="Klein, Charles H." Charles H. Klein[41] Republican1,66354.08Republican
data-sort-value="Farrell, J. J." J. J. FarrellDemocratic1,41245.92
26Julius A. Coller[42] Democratic1898data-sort-value="Coller, Julius A." Julius A. CollerDemocratic1,029100.00Democratic
27Harry F. Weis[43] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Weis, Harry F." Harry F. WeisDemocratic2,622100.00Democratic
28Frank L. Glotzbach[44] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Glotzbach, Frank L." Frank L. GlotzbachDemocratic2,54456.94Democratic
data-sort-value="Schilling, W. F." W. F. SchillingRepublican1,92443.06
29Ole K. Naeseth[45] ‡Republican1902data-sort-value="Rockne, Anton J." Anton J. Rockne[46] Republican2,99061.08Republican
data-sort-value="Holter, C. C." C. C. HolterProhibition1,90538.92
30Albert Schaller[47] Democratic1894data-sort-value="Schaller, Albert" Albert SchallerDemocratic2,51257.60Democratic
data-sort-value="Brown, Marcus W." Marcus W. BrownRepublican1,84942.40
31George H. Sullivan[48] Republican1906data-sort-value="Sullivan, George H." George H. SullivanRepublican2,25368.58Republican
data-sort-value="Hilliard, M. L." M. L. HilliardProhibition1,03231.42
32Victor L. Johnson[49] Republican1906data-sort-value="Johnson, Victor L." Victor L. JohnsonRepublican6,346100.00Republican
33Winslow W. Dunn[50] Republican1902data-sort-value="Dunn, Winslow W." Winslow W. DunnRepublican3,22958.78Republican
data-sort-value="Nyberg, Charles E." Charles E. NybergDemocratic2,26441.22
34Henry McColl[51] §Democratic1906data-sort-value="Handlan, James" James Handlan[52] Democratic2,60254.55Democratic
data-sort-value="Wirth, Carl" Carl WirthRepublican2,16845.45
35John C. Hardy[53] ‡Democratic1902data-sort-value="Van Hoven, Peter H." Peter H. Van Hoven[54] Democratic3,09457.90Democratic
data-sort-value="Hawkins, Vincent J." Vincent J. HawkinsRepublican2,25042.10
36Edmund S. Durment[55] §Republican1906data-sort-value="Denegre, James D." James D. Denegre[56] Republican4,572100.00Republican
37Joseph M. Hackney[57] Republican1906data-sort-value="Hackney, Joseph M." Joseph M. HackneyRepublican4,711100.00Republican
38John T. McGowan§Democratic1898data-sort-value="L'Herault, Napoleon A." Napoleon A. L'Herault[58] Democratic1,61658.94Democratic
data-sort-value="Shadewald, J. W." J. W. ShadewaldRepublican71025.89
data-sort-value="Williams, Charles E." Charles E. WilliamsPublic Ownership41615.17
39James T. Elwell[59] Republican1906data-sort-value="Elwell, James T." James T. ElwellRepublican2,89964.71Republican
data-sort-value="Plachy, Frank" Frank Plachy Jr.Democratic1,58135.29
40John F. Calhoun[60] ‡Republican1902data-sort-value="Dwinnell, William S." William S. DwinnellRepublican2,242100.00Republican
41George P. Wilson[61] Republican1898data-sort-value="Wilson, George P." George P. WilsonRepublican1,76047.21Republican
data-sort-value="Phillips, Alonzo" Alonzo PhillipsDemocratic1,27134.09
data-sort-value="Erickson, C. M." C. M. EricksonPublic Ownership69718.70
42Manley L. Fosseen[62] Republican1906data-sort-value="Fosseen, Manley L." Manley L. FosseenRepublican3,54458.06Republican
data-sort-value="Hirt, John H." John H. HirtPublic Ownership1,47924.23
data-sort-value="Tollefson, S. R." S. R. TollefsonProhibition1,08117.71
43Edward Everett Smith[63] ‡Republican1898data-sort-value="Wallace, Carl, L." Carl L. Wallace[64] Republican6,28475.19Republican
data-sort-value="Ankeny, A. T." A. T. AnkenyDemocratic2,07424.81
44John W. Pauly[65] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Pauly, John W." John W. PaulyDemocratic2,50650.07Democratic
data-sort-value="Girling, Thomas H." Thomas H. Girling[66] Republican1,90838.12
data-sort-value="Hanson, Andrew" Andrew HansonPublic Ownership59111.81
45Charles J. Swanson[67] Republican1906data-sort-value="Swanson, Charles J." Charles J. SwansonRepublican3,11453.76Republican
data-sort-value="Rice, William A." William A. RiceProhibition2,67846.24
46George C. Carpenter[68] Republican1906data-sort-value="Carpenter, George C." George C. CarpenterRepublican1,64445.64Republican
data-sort-value="Morse, Austin B." Austin B. RiceProhibition1,28235.59
data-sort-value="Ludemann, W. F." W. F. LudemannDemocratic67618.77
47John E. C. Robinson[69] §Democratic1906data-sort-value="Sullivan, John D." John D. SullivanDemocratic1,73952.41Democratic
data-sort-value="Cooper, Arthur C." Arthur C. CooperRepublican1,57947.59
48Solomon F. Alderman[70] §Republican1906data-sort-value="Johnson, Charles D." Charles D. JohnsonDemocratic2,47341.01Democratic
data-sort-value="Erickson, O. P." O. P. EricksonRepublican2,22936.97
data-sort-value="Henning, R. A." R. A. HenningPublic Ownership81413.50
data-sort-value="Henderson, D. C." D. C. HendersonIndependent5148.52
49Patrick R. Vail[71] §Republican1906data-sort-value="Boyle, James P." James P. BoyleRepublican5,14471.22Republican
data-sort-value="Wheeler, Bert N." Bert N. WheelerProhibition2,07928.78
50Thomas M. Pugh[72] Republican1902data-sort-value="Pugh, Thomas M." Thomas M. PughRepublican1,64962.49Republican
data-sort-value="Hunt, Ray E." Ray E. HuntProhibition99037.51
51George R. LaybournRepublican1902data-sort-value="Cheadle, Henry W." Henry W. Cheadle[73] Democratic2,15451.72Democratic
data-sort-value="Laybourn, George R." George R. Laybourn[74] Republican2,01148.28
52Daniel M. GunnRepublican1906data-sort-value="Gunn, Daniel M." Daniel M. Gunn[75] Republican4,60758.13Republican
data-sort-value="Viebahn, Charles D." Charles D. ViebahnPublic Ownership3,31841.87
53James JohnstonRepublican1906data-sort-value="Johnston, James" James Johnston[76] Republican2,85949.75Republican
data-sort-value="Davis, Levi M." Levi M. DavisDemocratic2,13537.15
data-sort-value="Cralle, George W." George W. CrallePublic Ownership75313.10
54John J. Ahmann[77] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Ahmann, John J." John J. Ahmann[78] Democratic2,84967.48Democratic
data-sort-value="Emmel, Henry J." Henry J. EmmelIndependent1,37332.52
55Lars O. Thrope[79] ‡Republican1894, 1902†data-sort-value="Odell, Charles W." Charles W. OdellRepublican1,68451.39Republican
data-sort-value="Lawson, Victor E." Victor E. LawsonProhibition1,59348.61
56Ray G. Farrington[80] Democratic1906data-sort-value="Froshaug, Saxe J." Saxe J. FroshaugProhibition1,40633.71Prohibition
data-sort-value="Farrington, Ray G." Ray G. FarringtonDemocratic1,38532.21
data-sort-value="McElligott, T. J." T. J. McElligottRepublican1,38033.09
57Ole O. Canestorp[81] ‡Republican1890, 1906†data-sort-value="Rustad, Edward" Edward RustadRepublican3,120100.00Republican
58Claus J. Gunderson[82] Republican1906data-sort-value="Gunderson, Claus J." Claus J. GundersonRepublican4,306100.00Republican
59Ole O. SagengPeople's1906data-sort-value="Sageng, Ole O." Ole O. Sageng[83] People's3,69474.58People's
data-sort-value="Wallace, Sam G." Sam G. WallacePublic Ownership1,25925.42
60Frank H. Peterson[84] §Republican1902data-sort-value="Marden, Charles S." Charles S. MardenRepublican4,87167.74Republican
data-sort-value="Kuhn, M." M. KuhnDemocratic2,32032.26
61Albert L. HansonRepublican1906data-sort-value="Hanson, Albert L." Albert L. Hanson[85] Republican6,04163.29Republican
data-sort-value="Geil, Carl" Carl GeilPublic Ownership3,50436.71
62Andrew D. StephensRepublican1902data-sort-value="Saugstad, Johannes" Johannes Saugstad[86] Independent2,99748.46Independent
data-sort-value="Stephens, Andrew D." Andrew D. StephensRepublican2,77344.84
data-sort-value="Larson, H. C." H. C. LarsonPublic Ownership4146.69
63Bengt E. Sundberg[87] Republican1902data-sort-value="Sundberg, Bengt E." Bengt E. SundbergRepublican4,522100.00Republican

Seats changing parties

PartyIncumbentDistrictFirst electedWinnerParty
rowspan="6" Republicandata-sort-value="French, George D." George D. French21908*data-sort-value="McGrath, M. J." M. J. McGrathDemocratic
data-sort-value="Campbell, Alex S." Alex S. Campbell‡61902data-sort-value="Cook, Charles F." Charles F. CookDemocratic
data-sort-value="Wright, Jonathan W." Jonathan W. Wright231906data-sort-value="Peterson, Edward P." Edward P. PetersonDemocratic
data-sort-value="Alderman, Solomon F." Solomon F. Alderman§481906data-sort-value="Johnson, Charles D." Charles D. JohnsonDemocratic
data-sort-value="Laybourn, George R." George R. Laybourn511902data-sort-value="Cheadle, Henry W." Henry W. CheadleDemocratic
data-sort-value="Stephens, Andrew D." Andrew D. Stephens621902data-sort-value="Saugstad, Johannes" Johannes SaugstadIndependent
rowspan="3" Democraticdata-sort-value="Witherstine, Horace H." Horace H. Witherstine‡41902data-sort-value="Stebbins, Alonzo T." Alonzo T. StebbinsRepublican
data-sort-value="DuToit, Frederick E." Frederick E. DuToit‡251898data-sort-value="Klein, Charles H." Charles H. KleinRepublican
data-sort-value="Farrington, Ray G." Ray G. Farrington561906data-sort-value="Froshaug, Saxe J." Saxe J. FroshaugProhibition

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: 1911 Minnesota Legislative Manual. Minnesota Secretary of State. 1911. 493–497.
  2. News: Big Crowd at Mankato to Hear Governor's Keynote. 5 October 1910. The Duluth Herald. 24 April 2020.
  3. Web site: Election Results - Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-01-07.
  4. News: Political Announcements. 4 August 1910. Houston Signal. 24 April 2020.
  5. Web site: French, George H. "Geo. D., Geo. H." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  6. Web site: McGrath, M. J. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  7. Web site: Cooke, Lytle O. "L.O." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  8. Web site: Carley, James A. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  9. News: For State Senator. 4 March 1910. The Post and Record. 24 April 2020.
  10. Web site: Vermilya, James I. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  11. Web site: Nelson, Samuel A. "S.A." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  12. Web site: The Lyle Tribune. 1 July 1910. MNHS Newspaper Hub. 23 April 2020.
  13. Web site: Cook, Charles F. "C.F." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  14. Web site: White, Daniel E. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  15. Web site: Cashman, Thomas E. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  16. Web site: Rask, Samuel A. "Sam" - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  17. Web site: Anderson, Bernhart N. "B.N." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  18. Web site: Moonan, John - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  19. Web site: Works, Samuel D. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  20. Web site: Putnam, Frank E. "F.E." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  21. Web site: Hinton, William A. "W.A." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  22. Web site: Haycraft, Julius E. "The Sturdy Little Yankee from Watonwan County" - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  23. Web site: Hanson, Henry E. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  24. Web site: Olson, Andrew C. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-23.
  25. Web site: Bedford, Salathiel B. "S.B." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  26. News: News and Views of Politics and Politicians. 26 August 1910. The Duluth Herald. 23 April 2020.
  27. Web site: Duea, Severt Benjamin "S.B." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  28. Web site: Seward, Virgil Barber - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  29. Web site: Lende, Olai Andreason "O.A., Ola" - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  30. Web site: Dale, O. G. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  31. Web site: Clague, Frank - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  32. Web site: Johnson, Charles A. "C.A." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  33. Web site: Benson Sr., Henry N. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  34. Web site: Poehler, Albert A. "A.A." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  35. Web site: Hall, Darwin Scott "D.S." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  36. Web site: Murray, Frank - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  37. Web site: Wright, Jonathan W. "J.W." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  38. Web site: Peterson, Edward P. "E.P." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  39. Web site: Donaldson, Charles R. "C.R." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  40. News: Briefs. 18 August 1910. The Princeton Union. 23 April 2020.
  41. Web site: Klein, Charles Henry "Chas., Charley" - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  42. Web site: Coller, Julius Anthony - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  43. Web site: Weis, Harry F. "H.F." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  44. Web site: Glotzbach, Frank L. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  45. News: The County News -- Red Wing Paragraphs. 11 May 1910. The Kenyon News. 23 April 2020.
  46. Web site: Rockne, Anton Julius "A.J." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  47. Web site: Schaller, Albert - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  48. Web site: Sullivan, George Henry "Geo. H." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  49. Web site: Johnson, Victor L. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  50. Web site: Dunn, Winslow W. "W.W." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  51. News: News and Views of Politics and Politicians. 27 August 1910. The Duluth Herald. 23 April 2020.
  52. Web site: Handlan, James - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  53. Web site: Hardy, John C. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  54. Web site: Minnesota Legislators Past & Present - Search Results. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  55. News: A Week's Record in Minnesota's Capital. 27 August 1910. The Appeal. 23 April 2020.
  56. Web site: Denegre, James Denis - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  57. Web site: Hackney, Joseph Malcome "Joseph H." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  58. Web site: L'Herault, Napoleon A. "N.A." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  59. Web site: Elwell, James T. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  60. News: Calhoun Not A Candidate. 25 June 1910. The Minneapolis Morning Tribune. 24 April 2020.
  61. Web site: Wilson, George Potter "Geo. P." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  62. Web site: Fosseen, Manley L. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  63. Web site: Smith, Edward Everett "E.E., Big Ed" - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  64. News: Primary Returns. 29 September 1910. The Pierz Journal. 24 April 2020.
  65. Web site: Pauly, John W. "Jno." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  66. Web site: Girling, Thomas H. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  67. Web site: Swanson, Charles J. "C.J." - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  68. Web site: Carpenter, George Celoftus "George Clifton" - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  69. News: Primary Returns. 29 September 1910. Pelican Rapids Press. 24 April 2020.
  70. News: Sam Alderman's Record. 16 September 1910. Little Falls Herald. 24 April 2020.
  71. News: C. B. Miller, Halden, and Boyle Win. 21 September 1910. The Duluth Herald. 24 April 2020.
  72. Web site: Pugh, Thomas M. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  73. News: Cheadle in the Field. 22 August 1910. The Duluth Herald. 24 April 2020.
  74. News: Files His Affidavit. 1 March 1910. Duluth Evening Herald. 24 April 2020.
  75. News: News and Gossip of Politics and Politicians. 5 April 1910. Duluth Evening Herald. 24 April 2020.
  76. Web site: Johnston, James - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  77. Web site: Ahmann, John J. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  78. News: The St. Cloud District. 26 February 1910. Duluth Evening Herald. 24 April 2020.
  79. News: Lining Up. 7 October 1910. Morris Tribune. 24 April 2020.
  80. Web site: Farrington, Ray G. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  81. News: Not Well Informed. 9 April 1910. The Northfield News. 24 April 2020.
  82. Web site: Gunderson, Claus J. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-24.
  83. News: Clippings from Exchanges. 25 February 1910. The Post and Record. 24 April 2020.
  84. News: News and Views of Politics and Politicians. 24 September 1910. The Duluth Herald. 24 April 2020.
  85. News: Political Announcements. 20 August 1910. The Bemidji Daily Pioneer. 24 April 2020.
  86. News: Polk County Fight Is In Progress. 25 June 1910. The Duluth Herald. 24 April 2020.
  87. Web site: Sundberg, Bengt E. - Legislator Record - Minnesota Legislators Past & Present. www.leg.state.mn.us. 2020-04-25.

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