| Country: | Empire of Japan |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Election Date: | 15 May 1908 |
| Previous Election: | 1904 Japanese general election |
| Previous Year: | 1904 |
| Next Election: | 1912 Japanese general election |
| Next Year: | 1912 |
| Seats For Election: | All 379 seats in the House of Representatives |
| Majority Seats: | 190 |
| Image1: | Kinmochi Saionji 2.jpg |
| Leader1: | Saionji Kinmochi |
| Party1: | Rikken Seiyūkai |
| Last Election1: | 33.47%, 33 seats |
| Seats1: | 187 |
| Seat Change1: | 54 |
| Popular Vote1: | 649,858 |
| Percentage1: | 48.40% |
| Swing1: | 14.93pp |
| Party2: | Kensei Hontō |
| Last Election2: | 26.19%, 90 seats |
| Seats2: | 70 |
| Seat Change2: | 20 |
| Popular Vote2: | 288,243 |
| Percentage2: | 21.47% |
| Swing2: | 4.72pp |
| Color4: | 87CEFA |
| Party4: | Yūkōkai |
| Seats4: | 29 |
| Seat Change4: | New |
| Popular Vote4: | 99,690 |
| Percentage4: | 7.42% |
| Swing4: | New |
| Color5: | FFDEAD |
| Party5: | Daidō Club |
| Last Election5: | 12.76%, 58 seats |
| Seats5: | 29 |
| Seat Change5: | 29 |
| Popular Vote5: | 92,477 |
| Percentage5: | 6.89% |
| Swing5: | 5.87pp |
| Prime Minister | |
| Posttitle: | Prime Minister after election |
| Before Election: | Saionji Kinmochi |
| Before Party: | Rikken Seiyūkai |
| After Election: | Saionji Kinmochi |
| After Party: | Rikken Seiyūkai |
| Map Size: | 300px |
General elections were held in Japan on 15 May 1908.[1] The result was a victory for the Rikken Seiyūkai party, which won 187 of the 379 seats.
The 379 members of the House of Representatives were elected in 51 multi-member constituencies based on prefectures and cities. Voting was restricted to men aged over 25 who paid at least 10 yen a year in direct taxation.[2]
A total of 900 candidates contested the 379 seats.