| Relegated: | none |
| Continentalcup1: | New Clubs in League |
| Nextseason: | 1906–07 |
The 1905–06 season was the 18th season of The Football League.
Beginning in the 1894–95 season, clubs finishing level on points were separated according to goal average (goals scored divided by goals conceded). In case one or more teams had the same goal difference, this system favoured those teams who had scored fewer goals. The goal average system was eventually scrapped beginning with the 1976–77 season.
During the first six seasons of the league, (up to the 1893–94 season), re-election process concerned the clubs which finished in the bottom four of the league. From the 1894–95 season and until the 1920–21 season the re-election process was required of the clubs which finished in the bottom three of the league.
| Competition: | First Division |
| Season: | 1905–06 |
| Winners: | Liverpool 2nd English title |
| Relegated: | Nottingham Forest Wolverhampton Wanderers |
| League Topscorer: | Albert Shepherd (26 goals) |
| Biggest Home Win: | (11 November 1905) |
| Biggest Away Win: | (11 November 1905) |
| Highest Scoring: | (10 March 1906) |
| Matches: | 380 |
| Total Goals: | 1242 |
| Longest Wins: | 9 matches Bolton Wanderers |
| Longest Unbeaten: | 10 matches Blackburn Rovers Liverpool |
| Longest Losses: | 5 matches Middlesbrough Sunderland Wolverhampton Wanderers Woolwich Arsenal |
| Highest Attendance: | 50,000 Newcastle United 1–1 Sunderland (30 December 1905) |
| Lowest Attendance: | 1,500 Derby County 1–1 Middlesbrough (6 January 1906) |
| Average Attendance: | 13,516 |
| Prevseason: | 1904–05 |
| Nextseason: | 1906–07 |
| Competition: | Football League Second Division |
| Season: | 1905–06 |
| Winners: | Bristol City (1st title) |
| League Topscorer: | William Maxwell (Bristol City), 27[1] |
| Continentalcup1: | Failed re-election |
| Continentalcup1 Qualifiers: | None |
| Biggest Home Win: | Barnsley 8–1 Chesterfield (20 Jan 1905) Bristol City 7–0 Stockport (20 Jan 1906) Chelsea 7–0 Burslem Port Vale (3 Mar 1906) |
| Biggest Away Win: | Leicester Fosse 2–5 Manchester United (29 Mar 1906) Chesterfield 1–4 Grimsby Town (2 Sept 1905) Lincoln City 1–4 Chelsea (14 Oct 1905) Lincoln City 1–4 Hull (23 Dec 1905) |
| Highest Scoring: | Barnsley 8–1 Chesterfield (20 Jan 1905) |
| Matches: | 380 |
| Total Goals: | 1116 |
| Longest Wins: | 14 matches Bristol City (9 Sep 1905 – 2 Dec 1905) |
| Longest Unbeaten: | 24 matches Bristol City (9 Sep 1905 – 10 Feb 1906) |
| Longest Losses: | 8 matches Burton United (17 Mar 1906 – 28 Apr 1906) |
| Nextseason: | 1906–07 |