| Election Name: | 1904 Cape Colony parliamentary election |
| Flag Image: | Flag of the Cape Colony 1876-1910.svg |
| Type: | legislative |
| Vote Type: | Popular |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1898 Cape Colony parliamentary election |
| Previous Year: | 1898 |
| Election Date: | January & February 1904 |
| Next Election: | 1908 Cape Colony parliamentary election |
| Next Year: | 1908 |
| Seats For Election: | All 95 seats in the Assembly |
| Majority Seats: | 48 |
| Colour1: | 9ACD32 |
| Leader1: | Leander Starr Jameson |
| Party1: | Progressive |
| Leaders Seat1: | Grahamstown |
| Seats1: | 50 |
| Seat Change1: | 6 |
| Colour2: | 87CEEB |
| Leader2: | James Tennant Molteno |
| Party2: | South African Party |
| Leaders Seat2: | Somerset East |
| Seats2: | 42 |
| Map Size: | 350px |
| Prime Minister | |
| Before Election: | Gordon Sprigg |
| Before Party: | Independent Progressive |
| After Election: | Leander Starr Jameson |
| After Party: | Progressive |
Elections for the House of Assembly were held in Cape Colony in 1904. The election was a victory for the Progressives under Leander Starr Jameson, who had first achieved prominence for his role in the ill-fated Jameson Raid.[1]
The incumbent Prime Minister Gordon Sprigg had been elected in 1898 as a Progressive, however the Progressives had been wracked by internal divisions. Whilst most of the party had been able to reconcile under Jameson, Sprigg and his Commissioner of Public Works Arthur Douglass, had been forced to contest the election as Independent Progressives. Both of them would lose their seats to Progressive candidates. The election also saw former Prime Minister William Schreiner lose his seat.[2] [3] Sprigg would resign as Prime Minister some days after the last results were announced, and was succeeded by Jameson.[4] Following the election James Tennant Molteno would be replaced by John X. Merriman as leader of the South African Party.
Thirteen constituencies were uncontested. Following the election of 95 members, Act 4 was passed, which gave a further twelve seats to the House. These were elected through by-elections in the same year.[5]
| Constituency | Seats | Registered voters | Votes available | Votes cast | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albany | 2 | 2,036 | 4,072 | 3,091 | |
| Albert | 2 | 1,824 | 3,648 | 2,324 | |
| Aliwal North | 2 | 1,452 | 2,904 | 2,271 | |
| Barkly West | 2 | 1,953 | 3,906 | 2,246 | |
| Beaufort West | 2 | 2,124 | 4,248 | 2,696 | |
| Caledon | 2 | 2,478 | 4,956 | 3,469 | |
| Cape Town | 7 | 17,131 | 119,917 | 43,108 | |
| Cathcart | 1 | 1,171 | 1,171 | 814 | |
| Clanwilliam | 2 | 1,713 | 3,426 | Unopposed | |
| Colesberg | 2 | 2,184 | 4,368 | 3,062 | |
| Cradock | 2 | 2,025 | 4,050 | Unopposed | |
| East London | 3 | 4,697 | 14,091 | 5,036 | |
| Fort Beaufort | 2 | 1,659 | 3,318 | 2,516 | |
| George | 4 | 4,002 | 16,008 | 10,593 | |
| Graaff-Reinet | 2 | 2,417 | 4,834 | 2,727 | |
| Graham's Town | 2 | 1,837 | 3,674 | 1,834 | |
| Griqualand East | 2 | 1,989 | 3,978 | Unopposed | |
| Humansdorp | 1 | 1,395 | 1,395 | Unopposed | |
| Jansenville | 2 | 1,937 | 3,874 | Unopposed | |
| Kimberley | 4 | 6,404 | 25,616 | 12,683 | |
| King William's Town | 3 | 2,800 | 8,400 | 3,449 | |
| Malmesbury | 2 | 2,443 | 4,886 | Unopposed | |
| Mafeking | 1 | 758 | 758 | Unopposed | |
| Middelburg | 1 | 1,484 | 1,484 | Unopposed | |
| Namaqualand | 2 | 2,016 | 4,032 | 3,133 | |
| Oudtshoorn | 3 | 3,060 | 9,180 | 4,313 | |
| Paarl | 3 | 2,864 | 8,592 | 6,890 | |
| Piquetberg | 2 | 1,582 | 3,164 | 2,332 | |
| Prieska | 1 | 1,029 | 1,029 | 736 | |
| Port Elizabeth | 5 | 10,951 | 54,755 | 22,049 | |
| Queen's Town | 3 | 3,617 | 10,851 | 5,514 | |
| Richmond | 2 | 1,922 | 3,844 | 1,977 | |
| Riversdale | 2 | 2,209 | 4,418 | Unopposed | |
| Simon's Town | 1 | 1,634 | 1,634 | 1,104 | |
| Somerset East | 2 | 2,577 | 5,154 | 4,300 | |
| Stellenbosch | 2 | 2,195 | 4,390 | 3,559 | |
| Swellendam | 2 | 2,695 | 5,390 | 3,605 | |
| Tembuland | 2 | 2,789 | 5,578 | 4,079 | |
| Uitenhage | 3 | 3,080 | 9,240 | 5,712 | |
| Victoria East | 2 | 779 | 1,558 | 1,029 | |
| Victoria West | 2 | 2,334 | 4,668 | align=center colspan=2 | Unopposed |
| Vryburg | 2 | 944 | 1,888 | align=center colspan=2 | Unopposed |
| Wodehouse | 2 | 2,001 | 4,002 | 2,663 | |
| Woodstock | 3 | 6,442 | 19,326 | 8,176 | |
| Worcester | 3 | 3,630 | 10,890 | Unopposed | |
| Wynberg | 3 | 4,914 | 14,742 | 4,079 | |
| Total | 107 | 135,177 | 437,307 | 187,169 | |
| align=left colspan=6 | Source: Statistical register of the colony of the Cape of Good Hope |