18th Canadian Parliament explained

Jurisdiction:	CA
#:	18th
Type:	Majority
Status:	inactive
Term-Begin:	1936-02-06
Term-End:	1940-01-25
Houseimage:	Chambre des Communes 1935.png
Members:	245
Sc:	Pierre-François Casgrain
Scterm:	6 February 1936 – 10 May 1940
Pm:	William Lyon Mackenzie King
Ministry:	16th Canadian Ministry
Pm-Begin:	1935-10-23
Pm-End:	1948-11-15
Lo:	R. B. Bennett
Lo-Begin:	1935-10-23
Lo-End:	1938-07-06
Lo2:	Robert Manion
Lo-Begin2:	1938-07-07
Lo-End2:	1940-05-13
Senators:	96
Ss:	Walter Edward Foster
Ssterm:	11 January 1936 – 8 May 1940
Gsl:	Raoul Dandurand
Gslterm:	23 October 1935 – 11 March 1942
Osl:	Arthur Meighen
Oslterm:	22 October 1935 – 16 January 1942
Party:	Liberal Party
Party2:	Conservative Party
Unrecparty1:	Social Credit Party
Unrecparty2:	Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
Unrecparty3:	Liberal-Progressive
Unrecparty4:	Reconstruction Party
Unrecparty5:	United Reform
Sessionbegin:	6 February 1936
Sessionend:	23 June 1936
Sessionbegin2:	14 January 1937
Sessionend2:	10 April 1937
Sessionbegin3:	27 January 1938
Sessionend3:	1 July 1938
Sessionbegin4:	12 January 1939
Sessionend4:	3 June 1939
Sessionbegin5:	7 September 1939
Sessionend5:	13 September 1939
Sessionbegin6:	25 January 1940
Sessionend6:	25 January 1940
Monarch-Begin:	1936-01-20
Monarch-End:	1936-12-11
Monarch2:	George VI
Monarch-Begin2:	1936-12-11
Monarch-End2:	1952-02-06
Viceroy:	John Buchan
Viceroy-Begin:	1935-11-02
Viceroy-End:	1940-02-11
Lastparl:	17th
Nextparl:	19th

The 18th Canadian Parliament was in session from 6 February 1936, until 25 January 1940. The membership was set by the 1935 federal election on 14 October 1935, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1940 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party majority under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 16th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Conservative Party, led first by Richard Bedford Bennett, and later by Robert Manion.

The Speaker was Pierre-François Casgrain. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1933-1947 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

The Social Credit Party led by J. H. Blackmore made their first federal appearance in this parliament. It would be an important third party until 1980. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation led by J.S. Woodsworth also made their first appearance. It, and its successor party, the New Democratic Party, would become a major source of policies that would change the fabric of Canada.

There were six sessions of the 18th Parliament, though the last two were extremely short:

Session	Start	End
1st	6 February 1936	23 June 1936
2nd	14 January 1937	10 April 1937
3rd	27 January 1938	1 July 1938
4th	12 January 1939	3 June 1939
5th	7 September 1939	13 September 1939
6th	25 January 1940	25 January 1940

List of members

Following is a full list of members of the eighteenth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district.

Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.

Alberta

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24%	Acadia			Victor Quelch	Social Credit
Athabaska			Percy John Rowe	Social Credit
Battle River			Robert Fair	Social Credit
Bow River			Charles Edward Johnston	Social Credit
Calgary East			John Landeryou	Social Credit
Calgary West			Richard Bedford Bennett (resigned 28 January 1939)	Conservative
Calgary West			Douglas Cunnington (by-election of 18 September 1939)	Conservative
Camrose			James Alexander Marshall	Social Credit
Edmonton East			William Samuel Hall (died 26 January 1938)	Social Credit
Edmonton East			Orvis A. Kennedy (by-election of 21 March 1938)	Social Credit
Edmonton West			James Angus MacKinnon	Liberal
Jasper—Edson			Walter Frederick Kuhl	Social Credit
Lethbridge			John Horne Blackmore	Social Credit
Macleod			Ernest George Hansell	Social Credit
Medicine Hat			Archibald Hugh Mitchell	Social Credit
Peace River			René-Antoine Pelletier	Social Credit
Red Deer			Eric Joseph Poole	Social Credit
Vegreville			William Hayhurst	Social Credit
Wetaskiwin			Norman Jaques	Social Credit

British Columbia

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24%	Cariboo			James Gray Turgeon	Liberal
Comox—Alberni			Alan Webster Neill	Independent
Fraser Valley			Harry James Barber	Conservative
Kamloops			Thomas O'Neill	Liberal
Kootenay East			Henry Herbert Stevens	Reconstruction
Kootenay East			Henry Herbert Stevens	Conservative
Kootenay West			William Esling	Conservative
Nanaimo			James Samuel Taylor	C.C.F.
Nanaimo	Independent		James Samuel Taylor
New Westminster			Thomas Reid	Liberal
Skeena			Olof Hanson	Liberal
Vancouver—Burrard			Gerry McGeer	Liberal
Vancouver Centre			Ian Alistair Mackenzie	Liberal
Vancouver East			Angus MacInnis	C.C.F.
Vancouver North			Charles Grant MacNeil	C.C.F.
Vancouver South			Howard Charles Green	Conservative
Victoria			D'Arcy Plunkett (died 3 May 1936)	Conservative
			Simon Fraser Tolmie (by-election of 8 June 1936, died 13 October 1937)	Conservative
			Robert Mayhew (by-election of 29 November 1937)	Liberal
Yale			Grote Stirling	Conservative

Manitoba

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24% rowspan=2	Brandon			David Wilson Beaubier (died 1 September 1938)	Conservative
		James Ewen Matthews (by-election of 14 November 1938)	Liberal
Churchill			Thomas Crerar	Liberal
Dauphin			William John Ward	Liberal
Lisgar			Howard Winkler	Liberal
Macdonald			William Gilbert Weir	Liberal-Progressive
Marquette			James Allison Glen	Liberal-Progressive
Neepawa			Frederick Donald Mackenzie	Liberal
Portage la Prairie			Harry Leader	Liberal
Provencher			Arthur-Lucien Beaubien	Liberal
Selkirk			Joseph Thorarinn Thorson	Liberal-Progressive
Souris			George William McDonald	Liberal-Progressive
Springfield			John Mouat Turner	Liberal
St. Boniface			John Power Howden	Liberal
Winnipeg North			Abraham Albert Heaps	C.C.F.
Winnipeg North Centre			James Shaver Woodsworth	C.C.F.
Winnipeg South			Leslie Mutch	Liberal
Winnipeg South Centre			Ralph Maybank	Liberal

New Brunswick

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24%	Charlotte			Burton Hill	Liberal
Gloucester			Peter Veniot (died 6 July 1936)	Liberal
Gloucester			Clarence Joseph Veniot (by-election of 17 August 1936)	Liberal
Kent			Louis-Prudent-Alexandre Robichaud	Liberal
Northumberland			John Patrick Barry	Liberal
Restigouche—Madawaska			Joseph-Enoil Michaud	Liberal
Royal			Alfred Johnson Brooks	Conservative
St. John—Albert			William Ryan (died 1 April 1938)	Liberal
St. John—Albert			Allan McAvity (by-election of 21 February 1938)	Liberal
Victoria—Carleton			Jack Patterson	Liberal
Westmorland			Henry Read Emmerson	Liberal
York—Sunbury			William George Clark	Liberal

Nova Scotia

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24% rowspan=2	Antigonish—Guysborough			William Duff	Liberal
		J. Ralph Kirk (by-election of 16 March 1936)	Liberal
Cape Breton North and Victoria			Daniel Alexander Cameron (died 4 September 1937)	Liberal
Cape Breton North and Victoria			Matthew MacLean (by-election of 18 October 1937)	Liberal
Cape Breton South			David James Hartigan	Liberal
Colchester—Hants			Gordon Purdy	Liberal
Cumberland			Kenneth Judson Cochrane	Liberal
Digby—Annapolis—Kings			James Lorimer Ilsley	Liberal
Halifax			Robert Emmett Finn	Liberal
Halifax			Gordon Benjamin Isnor	Liberal
Inverness—Richmond			Donald MacLennan	Liberal
Pictou			Henry Byron McCulloch	Liberal
Queens—Lunenburg			John James Kinley	Liberal
Shelburne—Yarmouth—Clare			Vincent Pottier	Liberal

Ontario

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24%	Algoma East			Thomas Farquhar	Liberal
Algoma West			Henry Sidney Hamilton	Liberal
Brantford City			William Ross Macdonald	Liberal
Brant			George Wood	Liberal
Broadview			Thomas Langton Church	Conservative
Bruce			William Rae Tomlinson	Liberal
Carleton			Alonzo Hyndman	Conservative
Cochrane			Joseph-Arthur Bradette	Liberal
Danforth			Joseph Henry Harris	Conservative
Davenport			John Ritchie MacNicol	Conservative
Dufferin—Simcoe			William Earl Rowe (resigned 28 September 1937 to campaign for Ontario provincial election)	Conservative
Dufferin—Simcoe			William Earl Rowe (by-election of 8 November 1937)	Conservative
Durham			Frank Rickard	Liberal
Eglinton			Richard Langton Baker	Conservative
Elgin			Wilson Mills	Liberal
Essex East			Paul Martin Sr.	Liberal
Essex South			Murray Clark	Liberal
Essex West			Norman Alexander McLarty	Liberal
Fort William			Dan McIvor	Liberal
Frontenac—Addington			Colin Campbell (resigned 28 September 1937 to campaign for Ontario provincial election)	Liberal
Frontenac—Addington			Angus Neil McCallum (by-election of 1 November 1937)	Liberal
Glengarry			John David MacRae	Liberal
Greenwood			Denton Massey	Conservative
Grenville—Dundas			Arza Clair Casselman	Conservative
Grey—Bruce			Agnes Macphail	United Farmers of Ontario-Labour
Grey North			William Pattison Telford, Jr.	Liberal
Haldimand			Mark Senn	Conservative
Halton			Hughes Cleaver	Liberal
Hamilton East			Albert A. Brown	Conservative
Hamilton West			Herbert Earl Wilton (died 1 February 1937)	Conservative
Hamilton West			John Allmond Marsh (by-election of 22 March 1937)	Conservative
Hastings—Peterborough			Rork Scott Ferguson	Liberal
Hastings South			John Charles Alexander Cameron	Liberal
High Park			Alexander James Anderson	Conservative
Huron North			Robert Deachman	Liberal
Huron—Perth			William Henry Golding	Liberal
Kenora—Rainy River			Hugh McKinnon	Liberal
Kent			James Rutherford (died 27 February 1939)	Liberal
Kent			Arthur Lisle Thompson (by-election of 11 December 1939)	Liberal
Kingston City			Norman McLeod Rogers	Liberal
Lambton—Kent			Hugh MacKenzie	Liberal
Lambton West			Ross Gray	Liberal
Lanark			Thomas Alfred Thompson	Conservative
Leeds			Hugh Alexander Stewart	Conservative
Lincoln			Norman Lockhart	Conservative
London			Frederick Cronyn Betts (died 7 May 1938)	Conservative
London			Robert James Manion (by-election of 14 November 1938)	Conservative
Middlesex East			Duncan Graham Ross	Liberal
Middlesex West			John Campbell Elliott	Liberal
Muskoka—Ontario			Stephen Furniss	Liberal
Nipissing			Raoul Hurtubise	Liberal
Norfolk			William Horace Taylor	Liberal
Northumberland			William Alexander Fraser	Liberal
Ontario			William Henry Moore	Liberal
Ottawa East			Edgar-Rodolphe-Eugène Chevrier (until judicial appointment)	Liberal
Ottawa East			Joseph Albert Pinard (by-election of 26 October 1936)	Liberal
Ottawa West			T. Franklin Ahearn	Liberal
Oxford			Almon Rennie	Liberal
Parkdale			David Spence	Conservative
Parry Sound			Arthur Slaght	Liberal
Peel			Gordon Graydon	Conservative
Perth			Fred Sanderson	Liberal
Peterborough West			Joseph James Duffus	Liberal
Port Arthur			Clarence Decatur Howe	Liberal
Prescott			Élie-Oscar Bertrand	Liberal
Prince Edward—Lennox			George Tustin	Conservative
Renfrew North			Matthew McKay (died in office)	Liberal
Renfrew North			Ralph Warren (by-election of 5 April 1937)	Liberal
Renfrew South			James Joseph McCann	Liberal
Rosedale			Harry Gladstone Clarke	Conservative
Russell			Alfred Goulet	Liberal
St. Paul's			Douglas Ross	Conservative
Simcoe East			George McLean	Liberal
Simcoe North			Duncan Fletcher McCuaig	Liberal
Spadina			Samuel Factor	Liberal
Stormont			Lionel Chevrier	Liberal
Timiskaming			Walter Little	Liberal
Trinity			Hugh Plaxton	Liberal
Victoria			Bruce McNevin	Liberal
Waterloo North			William Daum Euler	Liberal
Waterloo South			Alexander Edwards (died 3 June 1938)	Conservative
Waterloo South			Karl Kenneth Homuth (by-election of 14 November 1938)	Conservative
Welland			Arthur Damude	Liberal
Wellington North			John Knox Blair	Liberal
Wellington South			Robert Gladstone	Liberal
Wentworth			Frank Lennard	Conservative
York East			Robert Henry McGregor	Conservative
York North			William Pate Mulock	Liberal
York South			Earl Lawson	Conservative
York West			John Everett Lyle Streight	Liberal

Prince Edward Island

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24%	King's			Thomas Vincent Grant	Liberal
Prince			Alfred Edgar MacLean (died 28 October 1939)	Liberal
Prince			James Ralston (by-election of 2 January 1940)	Liberal
Queen's			James Larabee (until 18 December 1935 fisheries appointment)	Liberal
			Peter Sinclair	Liberal
			Charles Avery Dunning (by-election of 30 December 1935)	Liberal

Quebec

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24% rowspan=2	Argenteuil			George Halsey Perley (died in office 4 January 1938)	Conservative
		Georges Héon (by-election of 28 February 1938)	Independent Conservative
Beauce			Édouard Lacroix	Liberal
Beauharnois—Laprairie			Maxime Raymond	Liberal
Bellechasse			Joseph Oscar Lefebre Boulanger	Liberal
Berthier—Maskinongé			J.-Émile Ferron	Liberal
Bonaventure			Charles Marcil (died 29 January 1937)	Liberal
Bonaventure			Pierre-Émile Côté (by-election of 22 March 1937)	Liberal
Brome—Missisquoi			Louis Gosselin	Liberal
Cartier			Samuel William Jacobs (died 21 August 1938)	Liberal
Cartier			Peter Bercovitch (by-election of 7 November 1938)	Liberal
Chambly—Rouville			Vincent Dupuis	Liberal
Champlain			Hervé-Edgar Brunelle	Liberal
Chapleau			François Blais	Independent Liberal
Charlevoix—Saguenay			Pierre-François Casgrain	Liberal
Chicoutimi			Alfred Dubuc	Liberal
Châteauguay—Huntingdon			Donald Elmer Black	Liberal
Compton			Joseph-Adéodat Blanchette	Liberal
Dorchester			Léonard Tremblay	Liberal
Drummond—Arthabaska			Wilfrid Girouard	Liberal
Gaspé			Maurice Brasset	Liberal
Hochelaga			Édouard-Charles St-Père	Liberal
Hull			Alphonse Fournier	Liberal
Jacques Cartier			Vital Mallette (died 17 April 1939)	Liberal
Jacques Cartier			Elphège Marier (by-election of 18 December 1939)	Liberal
Joliette—L'Assomption—Montcalm			Charles-Édouard Ferland	Liberal
Kamouraska			Joseph Georges Bouchard	Liberal
Labelle			Maurice Lalonde (politician)	Liberal
Lake St-John—Roberval			Armand Sylvestre	Liberal
Laurier			Ernest Bertrand	Liberal
Laval—Two Mountains			Liguori Lacombe	Liberal
Lévis			Joseph-Étienne Dussault	Liberal
Lotbinière			Joseph-Achille Verville (died 20 November 1937)	Liberal
Lotbinière			Joseph-Napoléon Francoeur (by-election of 27 December 1937)	Liberal
Maisonneuve—Rosemont			Sarto Fournier	Liberal
Matapédia—Matane			Arthur-Joseph Lapointe	Liberal
Mégantic—Frontenac			Eusèbe Roberge	Liberal
Mercier			Joseph Jean	Liberal
Montmagny—L'Islet			Fernand Fafard	Liberal
Mount Royal			William Allen Walsh	Conservative
Nicolet—Yamaska			Lucien Dubois	Liberal
Outremont			Thomas Vien	Liberal
Pontiac			Wallace McDonald	Liberal
Portneuf			Lucien Cannon (until 15 January 1936 judicial appointment)	Liberal
Portneuf			Pierre Gauthier (by-election of 27 January 1936)	Liberal
Québec—Montmorency			Wilfrid Lacroix	Liberal
Quebec East			Ernest Lapointe	Liberal
Quebec South			Charles Gavan Power	Liberal
Quebec West and South			Charles Parent	Liberal
Richelieu—Verchères			Arthur Cardin	Liberal
Richmond—Wolfe			James Patrick Mullins	Liberal
Rimouski			Eugène Fiset	Liberal
St. Ann			William James Hushion	Liberal
St. Antoine—Westmount			Robert Smeaton White	Conservative
St. Denis			Azellus Denis	Liberal
St. Henry			Paul Mercier (until 30 November 1937 judicial appointment)	Liberal
St. Henry			Joseph-Arsène Bonnier (by-election of 17 January 1938)	Liberal
St. Hyacinthe—Bagot			Adélard Fontaine	Liberal
St. James			Fernand Rinfret (died 12 July 1939)	Liberal
St. James			Eugène Durocher (by-election of 18 December 1939)	Liberal
St. Johns—Iberville—Napierville			Martial Rhéaume	Liberal
St. Lawrence—St. George			Charles Cahan	Conservative
St. Mary			Hermas Deslauriers	Liberal
St-Maurice—Laflèche			Joseph-Alphida Crête	Liberal
Shefford			Joseph-Hermas Leclerc	Liberal
Sherbrooke			Charles Benjamin Howard	Liberal
Stanstead			Robert Davidson	Liberal
Témiscouata			Jean-François Pouliot	Liberal
Terrebonne			Louis-Étienne Parent	Liberal
Trois-Rivières			Wilfrid Gariépy	Liberal
Vaudreuil—Soulanges			Joseph Thauvette	Liberal
Verdun			Jules Wermenlinger	Conservative
Wright			Fizalam-William Perras (died 28 June 1936)	Liberal
Wright			Rodolphe Leduc (by-election of 3 August 1936)	Liberal

Saskatchewan

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24% rowspan=2	Assiniboia			Robert McKenzie (until 9 December 1935 Canadian Farm Loan Board appointment)	Liberal
		James Garfield Gardiner (by-election of 6 January 1936)	Liberal
Humboldt			Harry Raymond Fleming	Liberal
Kindersley			Otto Buchanan Elliott	Social Credit
Lake Centre			John Frederick Johnston	Liberal
Mackenzie			John Angus MacMillan	Liberal
Maple Creek			Charles Evans	Liberal
Melfort			Malcolm McLean	Liberal
Melville			William Richard Motherwell	Liberal
Moose Jaw			J. Gordon Ross	Liberal
North Battleford			Cameron Ross McIntosh	Liberal
Prince Albert			William Lyon Mackenzie King	Liberal
Qu'Appelle			Ernest Perley	Conservative
Regina City			Donald McNiven	Liberal
Rosetown—Biggar			Major James Coldwell	C.C.F.
Rosthern			Walter Tucker	Liberal
Saskatoon City			Alexander MacGillivray Young (died 9 July 1939)	Liberal
Saskatoon City			Walter George Brown (by-election of 18 December 1939)	United Reform
Swift Current			Charles Edward Bothwell	Liberal
The Battlefords			Joseph Needham	Social Credit
Weyburn			Tommy Douglas	C.C.F.
Wood Mountain			Thomas Donnelly	Liberal
Yorkton			George Washington McPhee	Liberal

Yukon

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party
width=24%	Yukon			Martha Black	Independent Conservative

By-elections

See main article: By-elections to the 18th Canadian Parliament.

References

Web site: Government of Canada. Privy Council Office. 16th Ministry. Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. 9 November 2006. 22 February 2005. https://web.archive.org/web/20050222095644/http://www.pco-bcp.gc.ca/default.asp?Language=E&Page=Publications&doc=min%2Fmin_16_e.htm. dead.
Web site: Government of Canada. Library of Parliament. Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. 18th Parliament. 30 November 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20061220074115/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/house/mpsparl.asp?Language=E. 20 December 2006. dead.
Web site: Government of Canada. Library of Parliament. Duration of Sessions. 12 May 2006. 14 November 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20071114112755/http://www2.parl.gc.ca/parlinfo/compilations/parliament/Sessions.aspx. dead.
Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . General Elections . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060504214348/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/process/House/asp/Elections.asp?Language=E&Hist=Y&gen=Y . 4 May 2006 .
Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Key Dates for each Parliament . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20050914163314/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/process/info/parl-dates.asp?lang=E&Hist=Y . 14 September 2005 .
Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060420/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/house/OppLeader.asp?lang=E&Hist=Y . 11 March 2007 .
Web site: Government of Canada. Library of Parliament. Prime Ministers of Canada. 12 May 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060427095217/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/key/pm/index.asp?Language=E&param=pi&param2=gen. 27 April 2006 . dead.
Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Speakers . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060917033025/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/key/hf-parl-off/index.asp?Language=E . 17 September 2006 .