September 18 Explained

Events

Pre-1600

• 96  - Emperor Domitian is assassinated as a result of a plot by his wife Domitia and two Praetorian prefects. Nerva is then proclaimed as his successor.^[1]
• 324  - Constantine the Great decisively defeats Licinius in the Battle of Chrysopolis, establishing Constantine's sole control over the Roman Empire.^[2]
• 1048  - Battle of Kapetron between a combined Byzantine-Georgian army and a Seljuq army.^[3]
• 1066  - Norwegian king Harald Hardrada lands with Tostig Godwinson at the mouth of the Humber River and begins his invasion of England.^[4]
• 1180  - Philip Augustus becomes king of France at the age of fifteen.
• 1454  - Thirteen Years' War: In the Battle of Chojnice, the Polish army is defeated by the Teutonic knights.
• 1544  - The expedition of Juan Bautista Pastene makes landfall in San Pedro Bay, southern Chile, claiming the territory for Spain.^[5]

1601–1900

• 1618  - The twelfth baktun in the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar begins.
• 1714  - George I arrives in Great Britain after becoming king on August 1.
• 1739  - The Treaty of Belgrade is signed, whereby Austria cedes lands south of the Sava and Danube rivers to the Ottoman Empire.
• 1759  - French and Indian War: The Articles of Capitulation of Quebec are signed.
• 1793  - The first cornerstone of the United States Capitol is laid by George Washington.
• 1809  - The Royal Opera House in London opens.
• 1810  - First Government Junta in Chile. Though supposed to rule only during the Peninsular War in Spain, it is in fact the first step towards independence from Spain, and is commemorated as such.
• 1812  - The 1812 Fire of Moscow dies down after destroying more than three-quarters of the city. Napoleon returns from the Petrovsky Palace to the Moscow Kremlin, spared from the fire.
• 1837  - Tiffany & Co. (first named Tiffany & Young) is founded by Charles Lewis Tiffany and Teddy Young in New York City. The store is called a "stationery and fancy goods emporium".
• 1838  - The Anti-Corn Law League is established by Richard Cobden.
• 1850  - The U.S. Congress passes the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
• 1851  - First publication of The New-York Daily Times, which later becomes The New York Times.
• 1860  - Second Opium War: Battle of Zhangjiawan: Now heading towards Beijing after having recently occupied Tianjin, the allied Anglo-French force engages and defeats a larger Qing Chinese army at Zhangjiawan.^[6]
• 1862  - The Confederate States celebrate for the first and only time a Thanksgiving Day.^[7]
• 1863  - American Civil War: The Battle of Chickamauga begins between Confederate and Union forces. It involves the second highest amount of casualties for any American Civil War battle apart from Gettysburg.^[8]
• 1864  - American Civil War: John Bell Hood begins the Franklin–Nashville Campaign in an unsuccessful attempt to draw William Tecumseh Sherman back out of Georgia.^[9]
• 1870  - Old Faithful Geyser is observed and named by Henry D. Washburn.
• 1872  - King Oscar II accedes to the throne of Sweden–Norway.
• 1873  - The bank Jay Cooke & Company declares bankruptcy, contributing to the Panic of 1873.
• 1879  - The Blackpool Illuminations are switched on for the first time.^[10]
• 1882  - The Pacific Stock Exchange opens.
• 1895  - The Atlanta Exposition Speech on race relations is delivered by Booker T. Washington.
• 1898  - The Fashoda Incident triggers the last war scare between Britain and France.^[11]

1901–present

• 1906  - The 1906 Hong Kong typhoon kills an estimated 10,000 people.^[12]
• 1914  - The Irish Home Rule Act becomes law, but is delayed until after World War I.
• 1919  - Fritz Pollard becomes the first African American to play professional football for a major team, the Akron Pros.
• 1922  - The Kingdom of Hungary is admitted to the League of Nations.
• 1927  - The Columbia Broadcasting System goes on the air.
• 1928  - Juan de la Cierva makes the first Autogyro crossing of the English Channel.
• 1931  - Imperial Japan instigates the Mukden Incident as a pretext to invade and occupy Manchuria.
• 1934  - The Soviet Union is admitted to the League of Nations.
• 1939  - World War II: The Polish government of Ignacy Mościcki flees to Romania.
• 1939  - World War II: The radio show Germany Calling begins transmitting Nazi propaganda.
• 1943  - World War II: Adolf Hitler orders the deportation of Danish Jews.
• 1944  - World War II: The British submarine torpedoes Jun'yō Maru, killing 5,600, mostly slave labourers and POWs.
• 1944  - World War II: Operation Market Garden results in the liberation of Eindhoven.^{[13] [14]}
• 1944  - World War II: The Battle of Arracourt begins.^[15]
• 1945  - General Douglas MacArthur moves his general headquarters from Manila to Tokyo.
• 1947  - The National Security Act reorganizes the United States government's military and intelligence services.
• 1948  - Operation Polo is terminated after the Indian Army accepts the surrender of the army of Hyderabad.
• 1948  - Margaret Chase Smith of Maine becomes the first woman elected to the United States Senate without completing another senator's term.
• 1954  - Finnish president J. K. Paasikivi becomes the first Western head of state to be awarded the highest honor of the Soviet Union, the Order of Lenin.^{[16] [17]}
• 1960  - Fidel Castro arrives in New York City as the head of the Cuban delegation to the United Nations.
• 1961  - U.N. Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld dies in an air crash while attempting to negotiate peace in the Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
• 1962  - Burundi, Jamaica, Rwanda and Trinidad and Tobago are admitted to the United Nations.
• 1962  - Aeroflot Flight 213 crashes into a mountain near Chersky Airport, killing 32 people.^[18]
• 1973  - The Bahamas, East Germany and West Germany are admitted to the United Nations.
• 1974  - Hurricane Fifi strikes Honduras with 110 mph winds, killing 5,000 people.
• 1977  - Voyager I takes the first distant photograph of the Earth and the Moon together.
• 1980  - Soyuz 38 carries two cosmonauts (including one Cuban) to the Salyut 6 space station.
• 1981  - The Assemblée Nationale votes to abolish capital punishment in France.
• 1982  - The Sabra and Shatila massacre in Lebanon comes to an end.
• 1984  - Joe Kittinger completes the first solo balloon crossing of the Atlantic.
• 1988  - The 8888 Uprising in Myanmar comes to an end.
• 1988  - General Henri Namphy, president of Haiti, is ousted from power in a coup d'état led by General Prosper Avril.^[19]
• 1990  - Liechtenstein becomes a member of the United Nations.
• 1992  - An explosion rocks Giant Mine at the height of a labor dispute, killing nine replacement workers in Yellowknife, Canada.
• 1997  - United States media magnate Ted Turner donates US$1 billion to the United Nations.
• 1997  - The Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention is adopted.
• 2001  - First mailing of anthrax letters from Trenton, New Jersey in the 2001 anthrax attacks.
• 2007  - Buddhist monks join anti-government protesters in Myanmar, starting what some call the Saffron Revolution.
• 2011  - The 2011 Sikkim earthquake is felt across northeastern India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and southern Tibet.
• 2012  - Greater Manchester Police officers PC Nicola Hughes and PC Fiona Bone are murdered in a gun and grenade ambush attack in Greater Manchester, England.
• 2014  - Scotland votes against independence from the United Kingdom, by 55% to 45%.
• 2015  - Two security personnel, 17 worshippers in a mosque, and 13 militants are killed during a Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan attack on a Pakistan Air Force base on the outskirts of Peshawar.
• 2016  - The 2016 Uri attack in Jammu and Kashmir, India by terrorist group Jaish-e-Mohammed results in the deaths of nineteen Indian Army soldiers and all four attackers.
• 2021  - A ferry capsizes in Guizhou province, China due to bad weather, leaving ten people dead and five missing.^[20]

Births

Pre-1600

• AD 53  - Trajan, Roman emperor (d. 117)^[21]
• 524  - Kan B'alam I, ruler of Palenque (d. 583)
• 1091  - Andronikos Komnenos, Byzantine prince and general (d. 1130/31)
• 1344  - Marie of France, Duchess of Bar (d. 1404)
• 1434  - Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1467)
• 1501  - Henry Stafford, 1st Baron Stafford (d. 1563)
• 1554  - Haydar Mirza Safavi, Safavid prince (d. 1576)
• 1587  - Francesca Caccini, Italian singer-songwriter and lute player (d. 1640)^[22]

1601–1900

• 1606  - Zhang Xianzhong, Chinese rebel leader (d. 1647)
• 1643  - Gilbert Burnet, Scottish bishop, historian, and theologian (d. 1715)^[23]
• 1676  - Eberhard Louis, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1733)
• 1684  - Johann Gottfried Walther, German organist and composer (d. 1748)
• 1709  - Samuel Johnson, English lexicographer and poet (d. 1784)^[24]
• 1711  - Ignaz Holzbauer, Austrian composer and educator (d. 1783)
• 1733  - George Read, American lawyer and politician, 3rd Governor of Delaware (d. 1798)
• 1750  - Tomás de Iriarte y Oropesa, Spanish poet and playwright (d. 1791)^[25]
• 1752  - Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1833)^[26]
• 1765  - Pope Gregory XVI (d. 1846)
• 1779  - Joseph Story, American lawyer, jurist, and politician (d. 1845)
• 1786  - Christian VIII of Denmark (d. 1848)^[27]
• 1786  - Justinus Kerner, German poet and author (d. 1862)
• 1812  - Herschel Vespasian Johnson, American lawyer and politician, 41st Governor of Georgia (d. 1880)
• 1819  - Léon Foucault, French physicist and academic (d. 1868)^[28]
• 1837  - Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos, Portuguese archbishop (d. 1880)
• 1838  - Anton Mauve, Dutch painter and educator (d. 1888)^[29]
• 1844  - Cassius Marcellus Coolidge, American artist (d. 1934)^[30]
• 1846  - Richard With, Norwegian captain, businessman, and politician, founded Vesteraalens Dampskibsselskab (d. 1930)
• 1848  - Francis Grierson, English-American pianist and composer (d. 1927)
• 1857  - John Hessin Clarke, American lawyer and judge (d. 1945)
• 1858  - Kate Booth, English Salvation Army officer (d. 1955)
• 1859  - John L. Bates, American lawyer and politician, 41st Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1946)
• 1859  - Lincoln Loy McCandless, American businessman and politician (d. 1940)
• 1860  - Alberto Franchetti, Italian-American composer and educator (d. 1942)
• 1870  - Clark Wissler, American anthropologist, author, and educator (d. 1947)
• 1872  - Carl Friedberg, German-Italian pianist and educator (d. 1955)
• 1872  - Adolf Schmal, Austrian fencer and cyclist (d. 1919)
• 1875  - Tomás Burgos, Chilean philanthropist (d. 1945)
• 1876  - James Scullin, Australian journalist and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1953)
• 1878  - James O. Richardson, American admiral (d. 1974)
• 1883  - Gerald Tyrwhitt-Wilson, 14th Baron Berners, English composer, painter, and author (d. 1950)
• 1885  - Uzeyir Hajibeyov, Azerbaijani composer, conductor, and playwright (d. 1948)
• 1886  - Powel Crosley Jr., American entrepreneur (d. 1961)^[31]
• 1888  - Grey Owl, English-Canadian environmentalist and author (d. 1938)
• 1888  - Toni Wolff, Swiss psychologist and author (d. 1953)
• 1889  - Doris Blackburn, Australian activist and politician (d. 1970)
• 1889  - Leslie Morshead, Australian general, businessman, and educator (d. 1959)
• 1891  - Rafael Pérez y Pérez, Spanish author (d. 1984)
• 1893  - Arthur Benjamin, Australian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1960)
• 1893  - William March, American soldier and author (d. 1954)
• 1894  - Fay Compton, English actress (d. 1978)^[32]
• 1895  - Jean Batmale, French footballer and manager (d. 1973)
• 1895  - John Diefenbaker, Canadian lawyer and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1979)
• 1895  - Walter Koch, German astrologer and author (d. 1970)
• 1895  - Tomoji Tanabe, Japanese super-centenarian (d. 2009)
• 1897  - Pablo Sorozábal, Spanish composer and conductor (d. 1988)
• 1900  - Willis Laurence James, American violinist and educator (d. 1966)
• 1900  - Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Mauritian philanthropist and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Mauritius (d. 1985)

1901–present

• 1901  - Harold Clurman, American director and producer (d. 1980)
• 1904  - Bun Cook, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1988)
• 1904  - Jose de Rivera, American soldier and sculptor (d. 1985)
• 1904  - David Eccles, 1st Viscount Eccles, English businessman and politician, Secretary of State for Education (d. 1999)^[33]
• 1905  - Eddie "Rochester" Anderson, American actor (d. 1977)
• 1905  - Agnes de Mille, American dancer and choreographer (d. 1993)
• 1905  - Greta Garbo, Swedish-American actress (d. 1990)^[34]
• 1906  - Kaka Hathrasi, Indian poet and author (d. 1995)^[35]
• 1906  - Maurice Maillot, French actor (d. 1968)
• 1906  - Julio Rosales, Filipino cardinal (d. 1983)^[36]
• 1907  - Leon Askin, Austrian actor (d. 2005)
• 1907  - Edwin McMillan, American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
• 1908  - Victor Ambartsumian, Georgian-Armenian astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic (d. 1996)
• 1910  - Josef Tal, Israeli pianist and composer (d. 2008)^[37]
• 1911  - Syd Howe, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1976)
• 1912  - María de la Cruz, Chilean journalist and activist (d. 1995)
• 1914  - Jack Cardiff, English director, cinematographer, and photographer (d. 2009)^[38]
• 1916  - Rossano Brazzi, Italian actor (d. 1994)^[39]
• 1916  - John Jacob Rhodes, American lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
• 1917  - June Foray, American actress and voice artist (d. 2017)
• 1917  - Phil Taylor, English footballer and manager (d. 2012)
• 1917  - Francis Parker Yockey, American lawyer and philosopher (d. 1960)^[40]
• 1918  - Johnny Mantz, American race car driver (d. 1972)
• 1918  - Henry Wittenberg, American wrestler (d. 2010)^[41]
• 1919  - Tommy Hunter, American fiddler (d. 1993)
• 1920  - Jack Warden, American actor (d. 2006)
• 1922  - Hank Bagby, American saxophonist (d. 1993)^[42]
• 1922  - Grayson Hall, American actress (d. 1985)
• 1922  - Ray Steadman-Allen, English composer (d. 2014)
• 1923  - Queen Anne of Romania (d. 2016)^[43]
• 1923  - Al Quie, American politician, 35th Governor of Minnesota (d. 2023)^[44]
• 1923  - Peter Smithson, English architect, co-designed Robin Hood Gardens (d. 2003)
• 1923  - Bertha Wilson, Scottish-Canadian lawyer and jurist, 60th Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada (d. 2007)
• 1924  - J. D. Tippit, American police officer (d. 1963)
• 1924  - Eloísa Mafalda, Brazilian actress (d. 2018)
• 1925  - Harvey Haddix, American baseball player and coach (d. 1994)
• 1925  - Dorothy Wedderburn, English economist and academic (d. 2012)
• 1926  - Bud Greenspan, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010)^[45]
• 1926  - Joe Kubert, American author and illustrator, founded The Kubert School (d. 2012)^[46]
• 1927  - Phyllis Kirk, American actress (d. 2006)
• 1927  - Muriel Turner, Baroness Turner of Camden, English politician (d. 2018)
• 1929  - Teddi King, American singer (d. 1977)
• 1929  - Nancy Littlefield, American director and producer (d. 2007)
• 1930  - John Tolos, Greek-Canadian wrestler (d. 2009)
• 1931  - Julio Grondona, Argentinian businessman (d. 2014)
• 1932  - Nikolay Rukavishnikov, Russian physicist and astronaut (d. 2002)
• 1933  - Bob Bennett, American soldier and politician (d. 2016)
• 1933  - Robert Blake, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2023)
• 1933  - Scotty Bowman, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1933  - Mark di Suvero, Italian-American sculptor
• 1933  - Leonid Kharitonov, Russian actor and singer (d. 2017)
• 1933  - Christopher Ricks, English scholar and critic
• 1933  - Charles Roach, Trinidadian-Canadian lawyer and activist (d. 2012)
• 1933  - Jimmie Rodgers, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2021)
• 1933  - Fred Willard, American actor and comedian (d. 2020)^[47]
• 1935  - Peter Clarke, English cartoonist (d. 2012)
• 1935  - John Spencer, English snooker player and sportscaster (d. 2006)
• 1936  - Big Tom, Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2018)
• 1937  - Ralph Backstrom, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2021)^[48]
• 1937  - Ivy Matsepe-Casaburri, South African politician (d. 2009)^[49]
• 1938  - Billy Robinson, English-American wrestler and trainer (d. 2014)
• 1939  - Gerry Harvey, Australian businessman, co-founded Harvey Norman
• 1939  - Jorge Sampaio, Portuguese lawyer and politician, 18th President of Portugal (d. 2021)
• 1939  - Jan Camiel Willems, Belgian mathematician and theorist (d. 2013)
• 1940  - Frankie Avalon, American singer and actor^[50]
• 1942  - Şenes Erzik, Turkish businessman
• 1944  - Michael Franks, American singer-songwriter
• 1944  - Rocío Jurado, Spanish singer and actress (d. 2006)
• 1944  - Charles L. Veach, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1995)
• 1945  - P. F. Sloan, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2015)
• 1945  - John McAfee, British-American computer programmer and businessman, founded McAfee (d. 2021)^[51]
• 1946  - Benjamín Brea, Spanish-Venezuelan saxophonist, clarinet player, and conductor (d. 2014)
• 1946  - Nicholas Clay, English actor (d. 2000)
• 1946  - Kelvin Coe, Australian ballet dancer (d. 1992)
• 1946  - Meredith Oakes, Australian-English playwright, translator, and educator
• 1946  - Gailard Sartain, American actor^[52]
• 1947  - Russ Abbot, English comedian, actor, and singer
• 1947  - Drew Gilpin Faust, American historian and academic
  • 1947  - Giancarlo Minardi, Italian businessman, founded the Minardi Racing Team 1948  - Lynn Abbey, American computer programmer and author
• 1949  - Beth Grant, American actress
• 1949  - Kerry Livgren, American guitarist and songwriter
• 1949  - Jim McCrery, American lawyer and politician
• 1949  - Mo Mowlam, English academic and politician, Minister for the Cabinet Office (d. 2005)
• 1949  - Peter Shilton, English footballer and manager
• 1950  - Siobhan Davies, English dancer and choreographer
• 1950  - Vishnuvardhan, Indian actor (d. 2009)
• 1950  - Chris Heister, Swedish politician, Governor of Stockholm County
• 1950  - Darryl Sittler, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1950  - Anna Deavere Smith, American actress and playwright
• 1951  - Ben Carson, American neurosurgeon, author, and politician
• 1951  - Dee Dee Ramone, American singer-songwriter and bass player (d. 2002)
• 1951  - Tony Scott, American baseball player and coach
• 1951  - Darryl Stingley, American football player and scout (d. 2007)
• 1951  - Marc Surer, Swiss racing driver and sportscaster
• 1952  - Giorgos Dimitrakopoulos, Greek politician
• 1952  - Rick Pitino, American basketball player and coach
• 1953  - Carl Jackson, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1953  - John McGlinn, American conductor and historian (d. 2009)
• 1954  - Murtaza Bhutto, Pakistani politician (d. 1996)
• 1954  - Takao Doi, Japanese engineer and astronaut^[53]
• 1954  - Dennis Johnson, American basketball player and coach (d. 2007)
• 1954  - Steven Pinker, Canadian-American psychologist, linguist, and author
• 1954  - Tommy Tuberville, American football player and coach
• 1955  - Paul Butler, English bishop
• 1955  - Keith Morris, American singer-songwriter
• 1956  - Chris Hedges, American journalist and author
• 1956  - Peter Šťastný, Slovak ice hockey player and politician
• 1956  - Anant Gadgil, Indian politician^[54]
• 1958  - John Aldridge, English-Irish footballer and manager
• 1958  - Jeff Bostic, American football player and commentator^[55]
• 1958  - Winston Davis, Vincentian cricketer
• 1958  - Malcolm Press, English ecologist and academic
• 1958  - Derek Pringle, Kenyan-English cricketer and journalist
• 1959  - Ian Arkwright, English footballer
• 1959  - Mark Romanek, American director and screenwriter
• 1959  - Ryne Sandberg, American baseball player, coach, and manager
• 1960  - Stephen Flaherty, American composer
• 1960  - Carolyn Harris, British politician
• 1960  - Ian Lucas, English lawyer and politician
• 1960  - Blue Panther, Mexican wrestler
• 1961  - James Gandolfini, American actor and producer (d. 2013)
• 1961  - Konstantin Kakanias, Greek-American painter and illustrator
• 1961  - Mark Olson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1962  - Joanne Catherall, English singer
• 1962  - John Fashanu, English footballer and manager
• 1962  - John Mann, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (d. 2019)
• 1962  - Aden Ridgeway, Australian public servant and politician
• 1962  - Boris Said, American race car driver
• 1963  - Jim Pocklington, English racing driver
• 1963  - John Powell, English-Canadian composer and conductor
• 1963  - Dan Povenmire, American animator
• 1964  - Jens Henschel, German footballer
• 1964  - Marco Masini, Italian singer-songwriter
• 1964  - Holly Robinson Peete, American actress and singer
• 1964  - Steffen Peters, German-American equestrian^[56]
• 1966  - Tom Chorske, American ice hockey player and sportscaster
• 1967  - Tara Fitzgerald, English actress
• 1968  - Toni Kukoč, Croatian basketball player
• 1968  - Upendra Rao, Indian actor, director, and politician
• 1969  - Brad Beven, Australian triathlete
• 1969  - Cappadonna, American rapper
• 1970  - Mike Compton, American football player and coach
• 1970  - Dan Eldon, English photographer and journalist (d. 1993)
• 1970  - Darren Gough, English cricketer
• 1970  - Aisha Tyler, American actress, television host, and author
• 1971  - Lance Armstrong, American cyclist^[57]
• 1971  - Anna Netrebko, Russian-Austrian soprano and actress
• 1971  - Jada Pinkett Smith, American actress^[58]
• 1972  - Brigitte Becue, Belgian swimmer^[59]
• 1972  - Adam Cohen, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1972  - David Jefferies, English motorcycle racer (d. 2003)
• 1972  - Iain Stewart, Scottish accountant and politician
• 1973  - Paul Brousseau, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1973  - Mário Jardel, Brazilian footballer
• 1973  - Aitor Karanka, Spanish footballer and manager
• 1973  - James Marsden, American actor
• 1973  - Ami Onuki, Japanese singer and voice actress
• 1973  - Louise Sauvage, Australian wheelchair racer^[60]
• 1973  - Mark Shuttleworth, South African-English businessman^[61]
• 1974  - Sol Campbell, English footballer and politician
• 1974  - Damon Jones, American football player and coach
• 1974  - Ticha Penicheiro, Portuguese-American basketball player and agent
• 1974  - Emily Rutherfurd, American actress
• 1974  - Travis Schuldt, American actor
• 1974  - Xzibit, American rapper, actor, and television host
• 1975  - Kanstantsin Lukashyk, Belarusian target shooter
• 1975  - Jason Sudeikis, American actor and comedian
• 1975  - Guillermo Vargas, Costa Rican photographer and painter
• 1976  - Sophina Brown, American actress
• 1976  - Gabriel Gervais, Canadian soccer player
• 1976  - Ronaldo, Brazilian footballer
• 1977  - Barrett Foa, American actor, singer, and dancer
• 1977  - Kieran West, English rower
• 1978  - Billy Eichner, American actor and comedian
• 1978  - Iain Lees-Galloway, New Zealand politician^[62]
• 1978  - Augustine Simo, Cameroonian footballer
• 1979  - Daniel Aranzubia, Spanish footballer
• 1979  - Robert Pruett, American criminal (d. 2017)
• 1980  - Mickey Higham, English rugby league player
• 1980  - Avi Strool, Israeli footballer
• 1980  - Petri Virtanen, Finnish basketball player
• 1981  - Lasse Kukkonen, Finnish ice hockey player^[63]
• 1981  - Jennifer Tisdale, American actress and singer
• 1981  - Kristaps Valters, Latvian basketball player^[64]
• 1981  - Han Ye-seul, South Korean actress
• 1982  - Peter Budaj, Slovak ice hockey player^[65]
• 1982  - Alessandro Cibocchi, Italian footballer
• 1982  - Arvydas Eitutavičius, Lithuanian basketball player
• 1982  - Leono, Mexican wrestler
• 1982  - Alfredo Talavera, Mexican footballer^[66]
• 1984  - Anthony Gonzalez, American football player and politician^[67]
• 1984  - Travis Outlaw, American basketball player^[68]
• 1984  - Dizzee Rascal, British hip hop musician^[69]
• 1985  - Mirza Teletović, Bosnian basketball player^[70]
• 1987  - Seiko Oomori, Japanese singer-songwriter^[71]
• 1989  - Serge Ibaka, Congolese-Spanish basketball player
• 1990  - Lewis Holtby, German footballer
• 1992  - Joji, Japanese-American rapper and YouTube personality^[72]
• 1993  - Patrick Schwarzenegger, American-Austrian actor and model
• 1998  - Christian Pulisic, American soccer player^[73]
• 1998  - Conor Timmins, Canadian ice hockey player^[74]
• 2003  - Aidan Gallagher, American actor and musician
• 2008  - Jackson Robert Scott, American actor

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 96  - Domitian, Roman emperor (b. AD 51)
• 411  - Constantine III, Roman usurper
• 869  - Wenilo, Frankish archbishop
• 887  - Pietro I Candiano, doge of Venice (b. 842)
• 893  - Zhang Xiong, Chinese warlord
• 958  - Liu Sheng, Chinese emperor (b. 920)
• 1137  - Eric II, king of Denmark
• 1180  - Louis VII, king of France (b. 1120)
• 1261  - Konrad von Hochstaden, archbishop of Cologne
• 1302  - Eudokia Palaiologina, empress of Trebizond (b. c. 1265)
• 1345  - Andrew, Duke of Calabria (b. 1327)
• 1361  - Louis V, duke of Bavaria (b. 1315)
• 1385  - Balša II, ruler of Zeta
• 1443  - Lewis of Luxembourg, archbishop of Rouen
• 1598  - Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Japanese daimyō (b. 1536)

1601–1900

• 1630  - Melchior Klesl, Austrian cardinal (b. 1552)
• 1675  - Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1604)^[75]
• 1721  - Matthew Prior, English poet, politician, and diplomat, British Ambassador to France (b. 1664)
• 1722  - André Dacier, French scholar and academic (b. 1651)
• 1783  - Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician and physicist (b. 1707)
• 1783  - Benjamin Kennicott, English theologian and scholar (b. 1718)
• 1792  - August Gottlieb Spangenberg, German bishop and theologian (b. 1704)
• 1812  - Safranbolulu Izzet Mehmet Pasha, Ottoman politician, 186th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1743)
• 1830  - William Hazlitt, English philosopher, painter, and critic (b. 1778)
• 1857  - Karol Kurpiński, Polish composer and conductor (b. 1785)
• 1860  - Joseph Locke, English engineer and politician (b. 1805)
• 1862  - Joseph K. Mansfield, American general (b. 1803)^[76]
• 1872  - Charles XV of Sweden (b. 1826)
• 1890  - Dion Boucicault, Irish-American actor and playwright (b. 1820)
• 1896  - Hippolyte Fizeau, French physicist and academic (b. 1819)

1901–present

• 1905  - George MacDonald, Scottish minister, author, and poet (b. 1824)
• 1909  - Grigore Tocilescu, Romanian archaeologist and historian (b. 1850)
• 1911  - Pyotr Stolypin, Russian lawyer and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Russia (b. 1862)
• 1915  - Susan La Flesche Picotte, doctor, teacher, and social reformer, first Native American to earn a medical degree
• 1924  - F. H. Bradley, English philosopher and author (b. 1846)
• 1939  - Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, Polish author, painter, and photographer (b. 1885)
• 1941  - Fred Karno, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1866)
• 1944  - Robert G. Cole, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1915)
• 1945  - Volin, Russian anarchist intellectual (b. 1882)^[77]
• 1949  - Frank Morgan, American actor (b. 1890)
• 1951  - Gelett Burgess, American author and poet (b. 1866)
• 1952  - Frances Alda, New Zealand-Australian soprano and actress (b. 1879)
• 1953  - Charles de Tornaco, Belgian racing driver (b. 1927)
• 1956  - Adélard Godbout, Canadian agronomist and politician, 15th Premier of Quebec (b. 1892)
• 1958  - Olaf Gulbransson, Norwegian painter and illustrator (b. 1873)
• 1959  - Benjamin Péret, French poet and journalist (b. 1899)
• 1961  - Dag Hammarskjöld, Swedish economist and diplomat, 2nd Secretary-General of the United Nations, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
• 1962  - Therese Neumann, German mystic (b. 1898)
• 1964  - Seán O'Casey, Irish dramatist and memoirist (b. 1880)
• 1967  - John Cockcroft, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
• 1968  - Franchot Tone, American actor, singer, and producer (b. 1905)
• 1970  - Jimi Hendrix, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1942)
• 1974  - Amanat Ali Khan, Pakistani classical singer (b. 1922)
• 1975  - Fairfield Porter, American painter and critic (b. 1907)
• 1977  - Paul Bernays, English-Swiss mathematician and philosopher (b. 1888)
• 1980  - Katherine Anne Porter, American short story writer, novelist, and essayist (b. 1890)
• 1987  - Américo Tomás, Portuguese admiral and politician, 14th President of Portugal (b. 1894)
• 1988  - Alan Watt, Australian public servant and diplomat, Australian Ambassador to Japan (b. 1901)
• 1992  - Mohammad Hidayatullah, Indian lawyer, judge, and politician, 6th Vice President of India (b. 1905)
• 1997  - Jimmy Witherspoon, American singer (b. 1920)
• 1998  - Charlie Foxx, American singer and guitarist (Inez and Charlie Foxx) (b. 1939)
• 2001  - Ernie Coombs, American-Canadian television host (b. 1927)
• 2002  - Bob Hayes, American sprinter and football player (b. 1942)
• 2002  - Mauro Ramos, Brazilian footballer and manager (b. 1930)
• 2002  - Margita Stefanović, Serbian keyboard player (b. 1959)
• 2003  - Emil Fackenheim, German rabbi and philosopher (b. 1916)
• 2003  - Bob Mitchell, English educator and politician (b. 1927)
• 2004  - Norman Cantor, Canadian-American historian and educator (b. 1929)
• 2004  - Russ Meyer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)
• 2005  - Michael Park, English racing driver (b. 1966)
• 2005  - Clint C. Wilson, Sr., American cartoonist (b. 1914)
• 2006  - Edward J. King, American football player, lawyer, and politician, 66th Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1925)
• 2007  - Pepsi Tate, Welsh bass player and producer (b. 1965)
• 2008  - Leo de Berardinis, Italian actor and director (b. 1940)
• 2008  - Mauricio Kagel, Argentinian-German composer and educator (b. 1931)
• 2008  - Ron Lancaster, American-Canadian football player and coach (b. 1938)
• 2011  - Jamey Rodemeyer, American teenage activist (b. 1997)
• 2012  - Santiago Carrillo, Spanish theorist and politician (b. 1915)
• 2012  - Haim Hefer, Polish-Israeli songwriter and poet (b. 1925)
• 2012  - Jack Kralick, American baseball player (b. 1935)
• 2012  - Steve Sabol, American director and producer, co-founded NFL Films (b. 1942)
• 2013  - Veliyam Bharghavan, Indian politician (b. 1928)
• 2013  - Lindsay Cooper, English composer, bassoon and oboe player (b. 1951)^[78]
• 2013  - Arthur Lamothe, French-Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1928)
• 2013  - Ken Norton, American boxer (b. 1943)
• 2013  - Marcel Reich-Ranicki, Polish-German author and critic (b. 1920)
• 2013  - Richard C. Sarafian, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1930)
• 2014  - Milan Marcetta, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1936)
• 2014  - Earl Ross, Canadian racing driver (b. 1941)
• 2014  - Hirofumi Uzawa, Japanese economist and academic (b. 1928)
• 2014  - Kenny Wheeler, Canadian-English trumpet player and composer (b. 1930)
• 2015  - Eduardo Bonvallet, Chilean footballer and manager (b. 1955)
• 2015  - James R. Houck, American astrophysicist and academic (b. 1940)
• 2015  - Mario Benjamín Menéndez, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1930)
• 2017  - Afzal Ahsan Randhawa, Pakistani writer, poet, translator and playwright (b. 1937)
• 2020  - Ruth Bader Ginsburg, United States Supreme Court justice (b. 1933)^[79]
• 2021  - Jolidee Matongo, South African politician, 97th Mayor of Johannesburg (b. 1975)^[80]
• 2021  - Chris Anker Sørensen, Danish road bicycle racer (b. 1984) ^[81]
• 2023  - Brereton C. Jones, American politician, 58th Governor of Kentucky (b. 1939)^[82]

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Constantius (Theban Legion)
  • Edward Bouverie Pusey (Episcopal Church)
  • Eustorgius I
  • Joseph of Cupertino
  • Juan Macias
  • Methodius of Olympus
  • Richardis
  • September 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Day of National Music (Azerbaijan)
• Island Language Day (Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)
• National Day or Dieciocho (Chile)
• National HIV/AIDS and Aging Awareness Day (United States)
• Navy Day (Croatia)
• World Water Monitoring Day

External links

• Web site: On This Day . BBC.
  • Web site: Historical Events on September 18 . OnThisDay.com.

Notes and References

1. Book: Richard Alston. Aspects of Roman History AD 14–117. 4 January 2002. Routledge. 978-1-134-78782-1. 142.
2. Book: Carol Humphrey Vivian Sutherland. The Roman Imperial Coinage: Constantine and Licinius: A.D. 313-337, by P. M. Bruun. 1966. Spink. 25. 9780900696855.
3. Book: Beihammer, Alexander Daniel . Byzantium and the Emergence of Muslim-Turkish Anatolia, ca. 1040–1130 . Taylor & Francis . 2017 . 978-1-351-98386-0 . 77–79.
4. Book: John Child. David Taylor. Understanding History. 1991. Heinemann. 978-0-435-31210-7. 75.
5. Juan Bautista Pastene: Primer almirande del mar chileno. Revista de Marina. Barría González. Juan. 1994. 2021-03-07. 2022-10-09. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://revistamarina.cl/revistas/1994/6/barria.pdf. dead.
6. Book: Knollys, Henry . Incidents in the China War of 1860 . William Blackwood and Sons . 1875 . Edinburgh . 107–109 . en.
7. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-12-18 . 2018-11-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181125191350/http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/TG_Presidential_Thanksgiving_Proclamations_1862_1869.pdf . dead .
8. The NPS battle description by the Civil War Sites Advisory Commission and Kennedy, p. 227, cite September 18–20.
9. Welcher, Frank J. The Union Army, 1861 - 1865 Organization and Operations. Vol. 2, The Western Theater. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993., p. 583.
10. Book: Parsons, R. H. . The Early Days of the Power Station Industry . 17 September 2018 . 2015-01-29 . Cambridge University Press . 9781107475045 . 7 . dmy-all.
11. Book: Winston Churchill. Clementine Churchill. Speaking for Themselves: The Personal Letters of Winston and Clementine Churchill. Doubleday. 1998. 502.
12. Book: Longshore, David . Encyclopedia of hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones . Facts on File . New York . 2008 . 9781438118796 . 95.
13. Web site: Bevrijding Eindhoven. Netwerk Oorlogsbronnen. Translated: The liberation of Eindhoven took place on September 18, 1944.. nl.
14. Web site: De bevrijding van Eindhoven. Stichting 18 September. Translated: On September 18, 1944, Allied armies entered Eindhoven, liberating one of the first cities in the Netherlands from German occupation.. nl.
15. Web site: Arracourt - September 1944. https://web.archive.org/web/20190405074304/https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/b067783.pdf. live. April 5, 2019. Richard H. Barnes. US Army Command and General Staff College. 18 June 2020.
16. Web site: John H. Hodgson: The Paasikivi Line, JSTOR.. 3001358.
17. Book: Paasikivi Tukholmassa: J. K. Paasikiven toiminta Suomen lähettiläänä Tukholmassa 1936–39 . 155–156 . Otava . 1978 . Max Jakobson . Helsinki . 951-1-05126-1 . fi.
18. Web site: Tuesday 18 September 1962 . 31 October 2019 . Aviation Safety Network.
19. News: New General Installed Following Haitian Coup. The Washington Post. Julia Preston. 19 September 1988. 24 December 2022.
20. Web site: 2021-09-19. 10 dead, 5 missing as overloaded Chinese ferry capsizes in bad weather. 2021-09-19. South China Morning Post. en.
21. Book: Julian Bennett. Trajan: Optimus Princeps. 2 September 2003. Routledge. 1-134-70913-7. 43.
22. Book: Jane M. Bowers. Judith Tick. Women Making Music: The Western Art Tradition, 1150-1950. registration. 1987. University of Illinois Press. 978-0-252-01470-3. 123.
23. Book: Trevor Royle. Macmillan Companion to Scottish Literature. 11 November 1984. Macmillan International Higher Education. 978-1-349-07587-4. 49.
24. Book: James Boswell. The Life of Samuel Johnson, L.L. D.: Including A Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides. 1837. G. Dearborn. 9.
25. Book: Russell P. Sebold. Tomas de Iriarte. 1961. Ardent Media. 15.
26. Book: Henk C.A. van Tilborg. Fundamentals of Cryptology: A Professional Reference and Interactive Tutorial. 31 December 1999. Springer Science & Business Media. 978-0-7923-8675-9. 446.
27. Book: George Hooker Colton. James Davenport Whelpley. The American Whig Review .... 1848. Wiley and Putnam. 323.
28. Book: American Literary Gazette and Publishers Circular. 1867. G. W. Childs. 3.
29. Book: John Sillevis. Anne Tabak. The Hague School Book. 2004. Antique Collectors Club Limited. 978-90-400-9037-0. 287.
30. Book: Fredrickson, Gardner. Poker Dogs: The Life and Work of C. M. Coolidge. 2006. Writers' Collective. 978-1594110382.
31. Book: Crosley: Two Brothers and a Business Empire that Transformed the Nation. 978-1-57860-291-9. Banks, Michael A.. David Stern. and Rusty McClure. Clerisy Press. Cincinnati, Ohio. 2006. registration.
32. Book: Michael Billington. Stage and Screen Lives. 2001. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-860407-5. 67.
33. Book: Charles Roger Dod. Robert Phipps Dod. Dod's Parliamentary Companion. 1998. Dod's Parliamentary Companion, Limited. 126.
34. Book: Sven Broman. Greta Garbo. Conversations with Greta Garbo. 1992. G.K. Hall. 978-0-8161-5586-6. 42.
35. Book: Badlu Ram Gupta. The Aggarwals: A Socio-economic Study. 1975. S. Chand. 85. 9780883867150.
36. Book: Harris M. Lentz. Popes and Cardinals of the 20th Century: A Biographical Dictionary. 2002. McFarland & Company. 978-0-7864-1094-1. 158.
37. Book: Darryl Lyman. Great Jews in Music. 1986. J. David Publishers. 978-0-8246-0315-1. 311.
38. Book: James Monaco. The Encyclopedia of Film. registration. 1991. Perigee Books. 978-0-399-51604-7. 96.
39. Book: Robyn Karney. The Movie Stars Story. 1984. Crescent Books. 978-0-517-43736-0. 160.
40. Book: Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke. Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity. July 2003. NYU Press. 978-0-8147-3155-0. 75.
41. Web site: Henry Wittenberg . olympedia.org . 22 March 2024 .
42. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VPS7-12L "California Death Index, 1940-1997"
43. Book: Monarchs-in-Waiting . Dodd, Mead & Co. . Walter Curley . Walter Curley . 1973 . Cornwall, NY . 77 . 0-396-06840-5.
44. Web site: Former Minnesota Governor Al Quie Dies at Age 99. Emma Nelson . August 19, 2023 . Minneapolis Star Tribune .
45. Web site: Famous birthdays for Sept. 18: Anna Deavere Smith, James Marsden . . 16 September 2023 . 18 September 2022.
46. Book: Contemporary Graphic Artists. registration. 1986. Gale Research Company. 978-0-8103-2189-2. 164.
47. News: Fred Willard, Who Played Characters 'Gloriously Out of Their Depth,' Dies at 86. The New York Times. Anita Gates. 16 May 2020 . 22 May 2020.
48. Web site: Backstrom dies at 83, won Stanley Cup six times with Canadiens. Stubbs. Dave. February 7, 2021. NHL.com. February 7, 2021.
49. Web site: Dr Ivy Matsepe-Casaburri. www.sabinetlaw.co.za. en. 2018-02-19. 2018-09-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20180918193948/http://www.sabinetlaw.co.za/dr-ivy-matsepe-casaburri. dead.
50. Web site: Rose . Mike . Today's famous birthdays list for September 18, 2022 includes celebrities Jason Sudeikis, Jada Pinkett Smith . . . 16 September 2023 . 18 September 2022.
51. News: Glenn . Rifkin . John McAfee, software entrepreneur with outlaw persona, dies in prison at 75 . The Washington Post. June 23, 2021 . June 24, 2021.
52. Web site: Everett . Dianna . SARTAIN, GAILARD LEE, JR. (1946 –). . Oklahoma Historical Society . 22 September 2018.
53. Book: O'Sullivan . John . Japanese Missions to the International Space Station: Hope from the East . 2019 . Springer Praxis Books . Cham, Switzerland . 9783030045340 . 63.
54. Book: Joshi . P. K. . Gadgil Kulavruttanta . The Gadgil Family Genealogy Almanac . 1989 . . mr . 217.
55. Web site: Jeff Bostic . . 15 September 2023.
56. Web site: Steffen Peters . olympedia.org . 19 March 2024 .
57. Web site: Lance Armstrong, Biography, Tour de France, Doping, & Facts . Encyclopedia Britannica . 5 February 2021 . en.
58. Web site: Jada Pinkett Smith Facts . Encyclopedia Britannica . 18 September 2020 . en.
59. Web site: Brigitte BECUE - Olympic Swimming Belgium . International Olympic Committee . 18 September 2020 . en . 16 June 2016.
60. Web site: Louise Sauvage OAM . New South Wales Institute of Sport . 17 July 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110912090512/http://www.nswis.com.au/Athletes/Featured_Athletes/Louise_Sauvage_OAM.aspx . 12 September 2011 . dmy-all.
61. Web site: International Space Station: Soyuz 3 Taxi Flight Crew: Mark Richard Shuttleworth. https://web.archive.org/web/20020204004443/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/crew/exp4/taxi4/shuttleworth.html. dead. 4 February 2002. 2 September 2012. 4 April 2004.
62. Web site: Iain Lees-Galloway. New Zealand Parliament. 11 December 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20130319202341/http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/MPP/MPs/MPs/a/9/1/50MP169721-Lees-Galloway-Iain.htm. 19 March 2013.
63. Web site: Lasse Kukkonen . . 15 September 2023.
64. Web site: Valters, Kristaps. euroleague.net. 18 June 2020.
65. Web site: Peter Budaj . . 15 September 2023.
66. Web site: Alfredo Talavera. FIFA. https://web.archive.org/web/20150906120032/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=175546/index.html. March 8, 2021. 2015-09-06.
67. Web site: Gonzalez, Anthony. Biographical Dictionary of the United States Congress. 18 June 2020.
68. Web site: Travis Outlaw . . 15 September 2023.
69. dizzeerascal . 517249697866850304 . 1 October 2014 . Thanks for all the birthday shouts. My birthday was sept 18th I turned 30 but I'm happy to except any money u wanna send! Serious lol ;-).
70. Web site: Mirza Teletovic . . 15 September 2023.
71. Web site: 大森靖子. 11 December 2020. Tower Records Japan. ja.
72. Web site: Joji Shares Video for New Single 'Will He'; Announces New EP. BroadwayWorld. 18 October 2017. 3 November 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171107012813/https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmusic/article/Joji-Shares-Video-for-New-Single-Will-He-Announces-New-EP-20171018. 7 November 2017. live.
73. Web site: Christian Pulisic. National Football Teams. 18 June 2020.
74. Web site: Conor Timmins . 11 April 2024 . National Hockey League.
75. Web site: Charles III (or IV) duke of Lorraine [1604–1675] ]. Encyclopedia Britannica . 20 September 2021 . en.
76. Web site: Joseph K.F. Mansfield. Battlefields.org. September 3, 2021.
77. Book: Avrich . Paul . Paul Avrich . V. M. Eikhenbaum (Volin): The Man and His Book . https://archive.org/details/anarchistportrai00avri/page/125 . Anarchist Portraits . Anarchist Portraits . 134 . 1988 . en . 978-0-691-04753-9 . . 17727270 . Internet Archive.
78. News: Lindsay Cooper obituary . Fordham . John . . 24 September 2013. 1 October 2020.
79. Web site: Hodgson . Godfrey . Ruth Bader Ginsburg obituary . The Guardian . 20 September 2020 . 19 September 2020.
80. Web site: Joburg mayor killed in car crash . enca.com . 18 September 2021.
81. Web site: 2021-09-18. Former Danish rider Sorensen dies in road accident. 2021-09-19. Reuters. en.
82. News: Former KY Governor, Airdrie Stud Founder Jones Dies. The Blood-Horse. Shulman. Lenny. September 18, 2023. September 18, 2023.