1899 in animation explained
Events in 1899 in animation.
Events
- Specific date unknown:
- French trick film pioneer Georges Méliès claimed to have invented the stop trick and popularized it by using it in many of his short films. He reportedly used stop-motion animation in 1899 to produce moving letterforms.[1]
- Earliest possible date for the production of Matches: an Appeal by the British film pioneer Arthur Melbourne-Cooper. Based on later reports by Melbourne-Cooper and by his daughter Audrey Wadowska, some believe that Cooper's Matches: an Appeal was produced in 1899 and was therefore the very first use of stop-motion animation. The extant black-and-white film shows a matchstick figure writing an appeal to donate a Guinea, for which Bryant & May would supply soldiers with sufficient matches. No archival records are known that could proof that the film was indeed created in 1899 during the beginning of the Second Boer War. Others place its creation at 1914, during the beginning of World War I.[2] [3] Cooper created more Animated Matches scenes in the same setting. These are believed to also have been produced in 1899,[4] while a release date of 1908 has also been given.[5]
- The German toy manufacturer Gebrüder Bing introduced their toy "kinematograph",[6] at a toy convention in Leipzig in November 1898. In late 1898 and early 1899, other toy manufacturers in Germany and France, including Ernst Plank, Georges Carette, and Lapierre, started selling similar devices. The toy cinematographs were basically traditional toy magic lanterns, adapted with one or two small spools that used standard "Edison perforation" 35mm film, a crank, and a shutter. These projectors were intended for the same type of "home entertainment" toy market that most of the manufacturers already provided with praxinoscopes and magic lanterns. Apart from relatively expensive live-action films, the manufacturers produced many cheaper films by printing lithographed drawings. These animations were probably made in black-and-white from around 1898 or 1899. The pictures were often traced from live-action films (much like the later rotoscoping technique). These very short films typically depicted a simple repetitive action and most were designed to be projected as a loop - playing endlessly with the film ends put together. The lithograph process and the loop format follow the tradition that was set by the stroboscopic disc, zoetrope and praxinoscope.[7] [8]
- In the 1899 book Living Pictures, Henry V. Hopwood depicts and describes a simple four-phase animation device. Hopwood gave no name, date or any additional information for this toy that rotated when blown upon. It is thought to have been a version of the zoetrope. [9]
Births
January
February
April
- April 26: Guinn "Big Boy" Williams, American actor (narrator in Mr. Bug Goes to Town), (d. 1962).[16]
- April 27: Walter Lantz, American animator, cartoonist, film director, and film producer (Walter Lantz Productions, Andy Panda, Woody Woodpecker, Chilly Willy, Oswald the Lucky Rabbit), (d. 1994).[17] [18] [19] [20] [21]
May
June
August
September
November
External links
Notes and References
- Book: Brownie, Barbara. Transforming Type: New Directions in Kinetic Typography. 2014-12-18. Bloomsbury Publishing. 978-0-85785-533-6. en.
- Web site: East Anglian Film Archive: Matches Appeal, 1899. www.eafa.org.uk. 2019-07-25.
- Book: "They Thought it was a Marvel": Arthur Melbourne-Cooper (1874-1961) : Pioneer of Puppet Animation. Vries. Tjitte de. Mul. Ati. 2009. Amsterdam University Press. 9789085550167. en.
- Web site: East Anglian Film Archive: Animated Matches Playing Cricket, 1899. www.eafa.org.uk.
- Web site: Animated Matches (1908) - IMDb. www.imdb.com.
- Web site: Bing. www.zinnfiguren-bleifiguren.com. de.
- Book: Litten, Frederick S.. Animated Film in Japan until 1919. Western Animation and the Beginnings of Anime.
- Book: Litten, Frederick S.. Japanese color animation from ca. 1907 to 1945 . 17 June 2014.
- Book: Hopwood, Henry V.. Living Pictures. 1899.
- Book: Shaw, Tony. Hollywood's Cold War. 2007. University of Massachusetts Press. Amherst. 76.
- News: Lillian Disney dies . Spokesman-Review . (Spokane, Washington) . December 18, 1997 . December 11, 2017.
- Web site: Walt and Lilly . Walt Disney Family Museum . Taylor . George . February 14, 2012 . December 11, 2017.
- Book: Jackson. Kathy. Walt Disney: Conversations. 2006. University Press of Mississippi. 1-57806-713-8. 120. First. registration.
- News: Walt Disney's Widow, Lillian, Dies at 98. Weinraub. Bernard. December 18, 1997. The New York Times. 0362-4331. September 6, 2016.
- News: LILLIAN DISNEY DIES AT 98. January 27, 2021. Washington Post. December 18, 1997.
- Web site: Guinn 'Big Boy' Williams. www.b-westerns.com.
- Web site: Walter Lantz. lambiek.net.
- News: Walter Lantz, 93, the Creator Of Woody Woodpecker, Is Dead . The New York Times. March 23, 1994. November 22, 2011. Glen A.. Collins. limited.
- News: Meet my boss, Walter Lantz . The Los Angeles Times. October 22, 2007. November 22, 2011.
- News: The Woodpecker and the Mouse : The Walter Lantz Story With Woody Woodpecker and Friends by Joe Adamson (Putnam's: $19.95; 254 pp., illustrated) and Disney's World by Leonard Mosley (Stein & Day: $18.95; 330 pp., illustrated) . The Los Angeles Times. December 29, 1985. November 22, 2011. Charles. Solomon.
- Web site: A Tale of Two Walts. Michael. Mallory. March 20, 2014.
- https://www.newspapers.com/image/392150929/?terms=Taylor%20holmes&match=1
- Web site: Arthur Q. Bryan Credits. Tvguide.com\accessdate=2014-06-17.
- [Ginger Rogers]
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- Book: Schönfeld. Christiane. Practicing Modernity: Female Creativity in the Weimar Republic. 2006. Konigshausen & Neumann. 174.
- Web site: The life of Lotte Reiniger . . https://web.archive.org/web/20010303135533/http://www.bfi.org.uk/features/wild/learn/animators/reiniger.html . Drawn to be Wild . 2001-03-03 . dead. (an extract from Book: Jayne. Pilling. Women and Animation: a Compendium. BFI. 1992. 0-85170-377-1.)
- News: Lockwood. Devi. 2019-10-16. Overlooked No More: Lotte Reiniger, Animator Who Created Magic With Scissors and Paper. en-US. The New York Times. 2021-12-05. 0362-4331.
- Reiniger. Lotte. 1935. Scissors Make Films. International Film Magazine: Sight and Sound. Spring 1936.
- Giannalberto Bendazzi (2016). Animation: A World History: Volume I: Foundations - The Golden Age at Google Books, p. 177
- Giannalberto Bendazzi (2016). Animation: A World History: Volume II: The Birth of a Style - The Three Markets at Google Books, p. 78
- Sergey Kapkov (2006). Encyclopedia of Domestic Animation, pp. 129–130, 14
- http://studio-mir.ru/eng/index.php?p=film&id=42 The Stars of Russian Animation. Valentina and Zinaida Brumberg
- Book: Grant, John . The Encyclopedia of Walt Disney's Animated Characters: From Mickey Mouse to Hercules . 3rd . 164 . Disney Editions . 978-0-7868-6336-5 . 1998.
- Book: Culhane, John . Walt Disney's Fantasia . 1983 . New York . . 81 . 0-8109-0822-0 . . registration.
- News: Hollywood Producer, Perce Pearce, Dies . . 9 . July 5, 1955 . Newspapers.com.
- News: Pearce, U.S. Producer Active in Britain, Dies . Los Angeles Times . July 5, 1955 . Newspapers.com.
- Book: Ghez . Didier . Gant . George . Walt's People: Volume 12 — Talking Disney with the Artists who Knew Him. https://books.google.com/books?id=PQ_nGPA2-qMC&pg=PT11. 2012. 55–66. Xlibris Corporation. 978-1-4771-4790-0. Piercing the Perce Pearce Mystery.
- Web site: HOAGY CARMICHAEL IS DEAD; WROTE 'STARDUST'. 28 December 1981. 6 November 2021. New York Times.