1898 in animation explained

Events in 1898 in animation.

Events

• November: The German toy manufacturer Gebrüder Bing introduced their toy "kinematograph",^[1] at a toy convention in Leipzig . In late 1898 and early 1899, other toy manufacturers in Germany and France, including Ernst Plank, Georges Carette, and Lapierre, started selling similar devices. The toy cinematographs were basically traditional toy magic lanterns, adapted with one or two small spools that used standard "Edison perforation" 35mm film, a crank, and a shutter. These projectors were intended for the same type of "home entertainment" toy market that most of the manufacturers already provided with praxinoscopes and magic lanterns. Apart from relatively expensive live-action films, the manufacturers produced many cheaper films by printing lithographed drawings. These animations were probably made in black-and-white from around 1898 or 1899. The pictures were often traced from live-action films (much like the later rotoscoping technique). These very short films typically depicted a simple repetitive action and most were designed to be projected as a loop - playing endlessly with the film ends put together. The lithograph process and the loop format follow the tradition that was set by the stroboscopic disc, zoetrope and praxinoscope.^{[2] [3]}
• Specific date unknown: The Motograph Moving Picture Book was published in London at the start of 1898 by Bliss, Sands & Co.^[4] It came with a "transparency" with black stripes to add the illusion of motion to the pictures in the book (13 in the original black and white edition and 23 in the later color edition). The illustrations were credited to "F.J. Vernay, Yorick, &c.".^[5] The book is an early form of stereography. ^[6]

Births

January

• January 2: Dick Huemer, American animator, comic strip artist, and illustrator (redesigned and developed Koko the Clown, created Fitz (Ko-Ko's canine companion), created Scrappy, storyboard artist for Dumbo), (d. 1979).^{[7] [8]}
• January 20: Tudor Owen, Welsh actor (voice of Towser in 101 Dalmatians), (d. 1979).^[9]

February

• February 2: Billy Costello, American actor (original voice of Popeye), (d. 1971).^[10]

May

• May 1: Hazel Sewell, American animator, head of the ink and paint department at Walt Disney Animation Studios (Plane Crazy, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs), (d. 1975).^{[11] [12] [13]}
• May 11: Sam Slyfield, American sound engineer, (Walt Disney Animation Studios), (d. 1974).^{[14] [15] [16] [17]}

June

• June 7: Earl Duvall, American animator, writer, lay-out artist, director and comics artist (Walt Disney Company, Warner Bros. Cartoons, Ub Iwerks, directed Honeymoon Hotel), (d. 1950).^{[18] [19] [20]}
• June 18: Dink Trout, American actor, voice artist and radio personality (voice of the title character in Bootle Beetle, Old Bootle Beetle and Balsam in Morris the Midget Moose, the King of Hearts in Alice in Wonderland), (d. 1950).^{[21] [22]}
• June 28: Nat Falk, American illustrator and cartoonist (How to Make Animated Cartoons), (d. 1989).^[23]

July

• July 4: Johnny Lee, American singer, dancer and actor (voice of Br'er Rabbit in Song of the South), (d. 1965).^[24]
• July 24: Bernard B. Brown, American film composer and sound engineer (composer for Warner Bros. Cartoons, head of the sound department at Universal Studios), (d. 1981).^[25]
• July 31: Ken Harris, American animator (Warner Bros. Cartoons, Walt Disney Productions, United Productions of America, DePatie-Freleng Enterprises, Hanna-Barbera), (d. 1982).^{[26] [27] [28] [29] [30]}

August

• August 15: Charles Tobias, American songwriter (co-wrote the Merrie Melodies theme "Merrily We Roll Along"), (d. 1970).^[31]
• August 30: Shirley Booth, American actress (voice of Mrs. Claus in The Year Without a Santa Claus), (d. 1992).^{[32] [33] [34]}

October

• October 5: Kenzō Masaoka, Japanese animator and director (the first animator to use cel animation and recorded sound in anime, Chikara to Onna no Yo no Naka, Benkei tai Ushiwaka, Kumo to Tulip, co-founder of Toei Animation), (d. 1988).^{[35] [36]}
• October 28: Rollin Hamilton, American animator (Walt Disney Company, Warner Bros. Cartoons), (d. 1951).^[37]

November

• November 4: Joe Dougherty, American actor (original voice of Porky Pig), (d. 1978).^[38]

December

• December 1: Cyril Ritchard, Australian actor (voice of The Sandman in The Daydreamer, Emperor Klockenlocher in , The Frog in Tubby the Tuba, Father Thomas in , Elrond in The Hobbit), (d. 1977).^[39]
• December 14: Lillian Randolph, American actress and singer, (voice of Mammy Two Shoes in Tom and Jerry), (d. 1980).^{[40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45]}

External links

• Animated works of the year, listed in the IMDb

Notes and References

1. Web site: Bing. www.zinnfiguren-bleifiguren.com. de.
2. Book: Litten, Frederick S.. Animated Film in Japan until 1919. Western Animation and the Beginnings of Anime.
3. Book: Litten, Frederick S.. Japanese color animation from ca. 1907 to 1945 . 17 June 2014.
4. Web site: The Motograph Moving Picture-Book. (Symons's Patent.) (Bliss, Sands, and Co.)—This » 1 Jan 1898 » The Spectator Archive. The Spectator Archive.
5. Web site: Book Details. www.abebooks.com.
6. Web site: Living pictures; their history, photoproduction and practical working. With a digest of British patents and annotated bibliography. Henry V.. Hopwood. August 21, 1899. London Optician & Photographic Trades Review. Internet Archive.
7. Web site: Dogs . 2022-07-26 . Fleischer Studios . en.
8. http://sm-cabu-ww01.wds.disney.com/ Disney Legends Ceremony October 10, 2007,
9. Web site: Who is Tudor Owen (actor)?. Omnilexica. May 20, 2020.
10. https://www.uniondemocrat.com/csp/mediapool/sites/UnionDemocrat/LocalNews/story.csp?cid=3797487&sid=753&fid=151 The Union Democrat
11. Book: Johnson, Mindy . Ink & Paint: The Women of Walt Disney's Animation. Disney Editions. 2017. 9781484727812. Los Angeles. 1013910808.
12. 20 June 1931. The Personalities Behind the Laughs. Motion Picture Daily. 30. 120. Internet Archive.
13. Book: Gabler, Neal. Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American imagination. registration. 2006. Alfred A. Knopf. 9780679438229. New York. 353. 698994408.
14. Web site: The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners . August 13, 2011. oscars.org.
15. Web site: The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners . August 14, 2011. oscars.org.
16. Web site: The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners . August 16, 2011. oscars.org.
17. Web site: The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners . August 19, 2011. oscars.org.
18. Web site: Burial detail: Duvall, Owen E, Sr . April 21, 2023 . ANC Explorer .
19. Book: Duvall . Earl . Taliaferro . Al . Osborne . Ted . De Maris . Merrill . Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics, vol 1 . 2016 . IDW Publishing . San Diego . 978-1631405587.
20. Book: Barrier . Michael . Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age . 2003 . Oxford University Press . 978-0195167290.
21. Book: Terrace . Vincent . Radio's Golden Years :The Encyclopedia of Radio Programs, 1930-1960 . 1981 . A.S. Barnes . San Diego . 0-498-02393-1 . 137 . 1st . August 21, 2020.
22. News: Trout, Radio Player, Dies After Operation. The Bismarck Tribune . The Bismarck Tribune. March 28, 1950. North Dakota, Bismarck. 2. Newspapers.com. February 5, 2016.
23. Web site: In Search of Nat Falk - Author of How to Make Animated Cartoons (1941) • John Canemaker's Animated Eye . 19 September 2022 .
24. Web site: Johnny Lee. Blackface!. May 27, 2020.
25. Barrier (2003), Warner Bros., pp. unnumbered pages
26. Web site: Ken Harris Biography. October 9, 2020. www.masteranimator.com.
27. Web site: The Exposure Sheet #1 and #2. September 10, 2018. September 3, 2020. Cartoon Research. Beck. Jerry. Jerry Beck.
28. Web site: September 29, 2016. UPA's "The Brotherhood of Man" (1946) . October 9, 2020. cartoonresearch.com.
29. Book: Barrier, Michael. Hollywood cartoons : American animation in its golden age. 1999. Michael Barrier. 443;539. Oxford University Press . 978-0-19-503759-3 .
30. Web site: April 23, 2018. Warner Club News (1955) – Part 1 . October 9, 2020. cartoonresearch.com. en-US.
31. https://books.google.com/books?id=cykEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA6&dq Charles Tobias is Dead at 72; Was Noted Composer
32. Web site: Actress Shirley Booth, Star of TV's Hazel, Dies. The Seattle Times. October 21, 1992.
33. Web site: Flint. Peter B.. Shirley Booth, Star of TV, Radio, Stage, and Screen, Is Dead at 94. The New York Times . October 21, 1992. August 21, 2021.
34. Book: Tucker, David C.. Shirley Booth: A Biography and Career Record. March 20, 2008. McFarland. 978-0786436002. 136.
35. Kōdansha (1993). Japan: an illustrated encyclopedia. Kōdansha,
36. The World History of Animation, Stephen Cavalier p. 144
37. Book: Hollywood Cartons: American Animation in its Golden Ag – Michael Barrier – Google Books . 1999 . March 22, 2014. 978-0-19-802079-0 . Barrier . Michael . Oxford University Press .
38. Web site: All California, Death Index, 1940-1997 results for Joe Dougherty. .
39. Pace, Eric."Cyril Ritchard, 79, Dies in Coma; Was Actor, Singer, and Director". The New York Times. 19 December 1977.
40. News: People and Places. September 16, 1980. Star-News. September 20, 2010.
41. Census. October 9, 1980. Jet. October 10, 2010.
42. Book: Bogle. Donald. Bright Boulevards, Bold Dreams: The Story of Black Hollywood. 2006. 432. One World/Ballantine. 0345454197. October 17, 2010.
43. Web site: Lillian Randolph, a film and television jewel. African-American Registry. September 27, 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101028040555/http://aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/lillian-randolph-film-and-television-jewel. October 28, 2010. dead.
44. Book: Encyclopedia of African American Actresses in Film and Television. McCann. Bob. 461. 2009. McFarland. 978-0786437900. October 19, 2010.
45. Book: The Colored Cartoon. Lehman. Christopher P.. 152. University of Massachusetts Press. 2009. 978-1558497795. October 10, 2010.