1897 in Germany explained

Events in the year 1897 in Germany.

Incumbents

National level

• Kaiser – Wilhelm II
• Chancellor – Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst

State level

Kingdoms

• King of Bavaria – Otto
• King of Prussia – Wilhelm II
• King of Saxony – Albert
• King of Württemberg – William II

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Baden – Frederick I
• Grand Duke of Hesse – Ernest Louis
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Frederick Francis III to 10 April, then Frederick Francis IV
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Frederick William
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg – Peter II
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Charles Alexander

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe – George, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Karl Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
• Principality of Lippe – Alexander, Prince of Lippe (with Prince Adolf of Schaumburg-Lippe to 17 July, then Ernest II, Count of Lippe-Biesterfeld, as regent)
• Reuss Elder Line – Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of Greiz
• Reuss Younger Line – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line
• Waldeck and Pyrmont – Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt – Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt
• Duke of Brunswick – Prince Albert of Prussia (regent)
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg – Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen – Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen

Colonial Governors

• Cameroon (Kamerun) – Theodor Seitz (2nd term) to 10 September, then Jesko von Puttkamer (5th term) from 11 September
• German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) – Eduard von Liebert
• German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) – Curt von Hagen to 13 August, then Albert Hahl (acting) (1st term) to 11 September, then Hugo Skopnik (all Landeshauptleute of the German New Guinea Company)
• German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) – Theodor Leutwein (Landeshauptleute)
• Togoland – August Köhler (Landeshauptleute)

Events

• 10 May – The Handelsgesetzbuch (HGB) is passed by the Reichtstag. The HGB will come into force together with the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) on 1 January 1900.
• 10 August – Rudolf Diesel builds his first working prototype Diesel engine in Augsburg.
• 10 October – Chemists working at Bayer AG create a synthetically altered version of salicin which the company names Aspirin.

Undated

• David Hilbert unifies the field of algebraic number theory with his treatise Zahlbericht.
• The Daimler Victoria - the world's first meter-equipped (and gasoline-powered) taxicab - was built by Gottlieb Daimler in 1897.

Births

• 9 January – Karl Löwith, German philosopher (died 1973)
• 14 January – Hasso von Manteuffel, German general during World War II (died 1978)
• 4 February – Ludwig Erhard, Chancellor of Germany (died 1977)
• 19 February – Willi Domgraf-Fassbaender, German opera singer (died 1978)
• 2 March – Gurit Kadman, German-born Israeli dance instructor and choreographer (died 1987)
• 8 April – Will Dohm, German actor (died 1948)
• 9 April – Ernst Melsheimer, German lawyer (died 1960)
• 19 April – Bruno Diekmann, German politician (died 1982)
• 11 May – Kurt Gerron, German actor (died 1944)
• 16 June – Georg Wittig, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate (died 1987
• 27 June – Heinz von Cleve, German actor (died 1984)
• 5 July – Paul Ben-Haim (born Paul Frankenburger), German-born Israeli composer (died 1984)
• 17 July – Max Knoll, German electrical engineer (died 1969)
• 4 August – Adolf Heusinger, German general (died 1982)
• 10 August – Nikolaus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Oldenburg (died 1970)
• 30 August – August Bach, German politician (died 1966)
• 28 October – Hans Speidel, German general (died 1984)
• 29 October – Joseph Goebbels, German politician (died 1945)
• 12 November – Karl Marx, German composer (died 1985)
• 23 November – Fritz Steinhoff, German politician (died 1969)
• 5 December – Gershom Scholem (born Gerhard Scholem), German-born Israeli philosopher and historian (died 1982)
• 14 December – Thomas Dehler, German politician (died 1967)
• Full date unknown – Shimon Fritz Bodenheimer, German-born Israeli biologist and zoologist (died 1959)

Deaths

• 19 February – Karl Weierstrass, German mathematician (born 1815)
• 11 March – Daniel Sanders, German lexicographer (born 1819)
• 3 April – Johannes Brahms, German German composer and pianist (born 1833)
• 10 April – Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (born 1851)
• 11 April – Johann Nepomuk Brischar, German Roman Catholic church historian (born 1819)
• 17 June – Sebastian Kneipp, German priest (born 1821)
• 21 July – Amand Goegg, German journalist and politician (born 1820)
• 8 August – Viktor Meyer, German chemist (born 1848)
• 20 September – Wilhelm Wattenbach, German historian (born 1819)
• 30 September – Leopold Auerbach, German anatomist and neuropathologist (born 1828)
• 1 November — Ulrike Henschke, German women's right activist and education reformer (born 1830)^[1]
• 3 December – Friedrich August Theodor Winnecke, German astronomer (born 1835)

Notes and References

1. Book: Obschemitzki, Doris . Der Frau ihre Arbeit!: Lette-Verein : zur Geschichte einer Berliner Institution 1866 bis 1986 . Berlin . Edition Hentrich . 1987 . 978-3-92617-506-9 . DE . 59.