1897 in Brazil explained

Events in the year 1897 in Brazil.

Incumbents

Federal government

• President

Prudente de Morais

• Vice-President

Manuel Vitorino

Governors

• Alagoas: Jose Vieira Peixoto (until June 12), Manuel Jose Duarte (starting June 12)
• Amazonas: Fileto Pires Ferreira
• Bahia: Luís Viana
• Ceará: Antônio Nogueira Accioli
• Goiás: Francisco Leopoldo Rodrigues Jardim
• Maranhão:
  • until March 26: Casimiro Vieira Jr
  • from March 26: Alfredo Martins
• Mato Grosso: Manuel José Murtinho
• Minas Gerais: Bias Fortes
• Pará:
  • until February 1: Lauro Sodré
  • from February 1: Pais de Carvalho
• Paraíba: Antônio Alfredo Mello
• Paraná: Santos Andrade
• Pernambuco: Joaquim Correia de Araújo
• Piauí: Raimundo Artur de Vasconcelos
• Rio Grande do Norte: Joaquim Ferreira Chaves
• Rio Grande do Sul: Júlio Prates de Castilhos
• Santa Catarina:
• São Paulo:
• Sergipe:

Vice governors

• Rio de Janeiro:
• Rio Grande do Norte:
• São Paulo:

Events

• 6 January – An expeditionary force, consisting of 557 soldiers and officers under the command of Major Febrônio de Brito, who attacks the well-defended village of Canudos. The troops are eventually forced to retreat when confronted with more than 4,000 insurrectionists.^[1]
• 7 August – Euclides da Cunha goes to the Sertão ("backland"), as war correspondent for O Estado de S. Paulo.
• 2 October – the War of Canudos comes to a brutal end, when a large Brazilian army force overruns the village and kills nearly all the inhabitants.^[2]
• 12 October – The city of Belo Horizonte is created and its construction is completely successfully.

Births

• 6 February – Alberto Cavalcanti, film director and producer (died 1982)
• 30 April – Humberto Mauro, film director (died 1983)^[3]
• 7 June – Lampião, bandit^[4] (died 1938)
• 20 September – Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco, politician (died 1967)
• 4 November – Oscar Lorenzo Fernández, composer (died 1948)

Deaths

• 1 January – Adolfo Caminha, Naturalist novelist (born 1867; tuberculosis)^[5]
• 4 March – Antônio Moreira César, army colonel, killed in action
• 22 September – Antônio Conselheiro, religious leader, preacher, and founder of the village of Canudos (born 1830; dysentery)^[6]
• 13 November – Francisco de Paula Ney, poet and journalist (born 1858)

Notes and References

1. Cunha, Euclides da. Rebellion in the Backlands. Translated from Portuguese Os Sertões. University Of Chicago Press, 1957. .
2. Levine, R.M. Vale of Tears: Revisiting the Canudos Massacre in Northeastern Brazil, 1893–1897. University of California Press, 1995. . Review .
3. http://www.gildasattic.com/mauro.html Drew, William M. Humberto Mauro (1897–1983)
4. Chandler, Billy Jaynes (1978). The Bandit King: Lampião of Brazil. Texas A&M University Press. .
5. http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/portal/FBN/biografias/adolfo_caminha/index.shtml Caminha's biography
6. [Euclides da Cunha|CUNHA, Euclides da]