1896 United States presidential election in Virginia explained

See main article: 1896 United States presidential election.

Election Name:1896 United States presidential election in Virginia
Country:Virginia
Flag Year:1861
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1892 United States presidential election in Virginia
Previous Year:1892
Next Election:1900 United States presidential election in Virginia
Next Year:1900
Election Date:November 3, 1896
Image1:William Jennings Bryan 2 (cropped).jpg
Nominee1:William Jennings Bryan
Party1:Democratic Party (United States)
Home State1:Nebraska
Running Mate1:Arthur Sewall
Electoral Vote1:12
Popular Vote1:154,708
Percentage1:52.50%
Nominee2:William McKinley
Party2:Republican Party (United States)
Home State2:Ohio
Running Mate2:Garret Hobart
Electoral Vote2:0
Popular Vote2:135,379
Percentage2:45.94%
Map Size:435px
President
Before Election:Grover Cleveland
Before Party:Democratic Party (United States)
After Election:William McKinley
After Party:Republican Party (United States)

The 1896 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 3, 1896, as part of the 1896 United States presidential election. Voters chose 12 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Following the state's delayed readmission to the Union, Virginia was unique among ex-Confederate states in not having a period of Republican control during Reconstruction, due to the failure of the Underwood Constitution to pass in 1868[1] and the consequent support for the Conservative Party that fused prewar Democrats and Whigs in the first postwar elections and consistently controlled the state legislature after readmission. From 1879, however, a fusion with the “Readjuster” faction of the state Democratic Party would revitalize the Republicans[1] until 1883, although the state GOP would remain competitive in statewide elections — only narrowly failing to carry the state in 1888[1] — until the Cleveland Administration eliminated federal oversight while the Walton Act created the secret ballot and began large-scale black disenfranchisement.[2]

However, despite its dominant position, the Democratic Party was deeply divided between the conservative Gold Democrats of a state whose economy was already substantially influenced by the rapidly industrializing Northeast, and a Populist-influenced faction centered in the state's rural areas.[2] Many Virginia farmers still depended upon a tobacco monoculture and had been affected severely by consistently declining prices, poor harvests[3] and the evolving rift between growing Northern and Southwest Virginia which were deeply tied culturally to the border states, and the declining, agrarian Southside.

After the nomination of Nebraska congressman William Jennings Bryan on a free silver platform was confirmed in June, it became clear he would face opposition in Virginia's larger cities and towns, with the leader of this opposition being the Richmond Times under Bryan's namesake Joseph.[3] At the beginning of the fall campaign Virginia was viewed as fairly secure for Bryan despite the defections that were expected to (and did) cost him the border states,[4] and this opinion did not change as the campaign developed during October.[5] Near the end, the state was heavily debated by politicians of opposing views on Bryan and Republican nominee, Ohio Governor William McKinley, some of whose supporters thought the GOP had a chance of carrying the state.[6]

Virginia ultimately voted comfortably for Bryan over McKinley. Bryan won the state by a margin of 6.56 percentage points; however, McKinley did make major gains in developing Southwest Virginia, where he was the first-ever Republican victor in Botetourt, Buchanan, Carroll, Grayson, Greene, Pulaski, Shenandoah, Smyth and Washington Counties.[7] Aided by the developing shift to a "lily-white" Jim Crow state Republican Party,[1] [2] this region and these counties would become the party's stronghold in Virginia during the first half of the twentieth century, allowing the party to remain more viable than in any other ex-Confederate state other than North Carolina and Tennessee where extremely loyal Unionist Republicanism remained.[8]

Bryan would later win the state against McKinley again four years later and would later win the state again in 1908 against William Howard Taft.

Results

1896 United States presidential election in Virginia[9]
PartyCandidateVotesPercentageElectoral votes
DemocraticWilliam Jennings Bryan154,70852.50%12
RepublicanWilliam McKinley135,37945.94%0
ProhibitionJoshua Levering2,3500.80%0
National DemocraticJohn M. Palmer2,1290.72%0
Socialist LaborCharles H. Matchett1080.04%0
Totals294,674100.0%12

Results by county

1896 United States presidential election in Virginia by counties and independent cities[10] [11]
County or Independent CityWilliam Jennings Bryan
Democratic
William McKinley
Republican
Joshua Levering
Prohibition
John McAuley Palmer
National Democratic
Charles Horatio Matchett
Socialist Labor
MarginTotal votes cast
data-sort-type="number"data-sort-type="number"%data-sort-type="number"data-sort-type="number"%data-sort-type="number"data-sort-type="number"%data-sort-type="number"data-sort-type="number"%data-sort-type="number"data-sort-type="number"%data-sort-type="number"data-sort-type="number"%
Accomack County3,11562.25%1,67533.47%1863.72%280.56%10.02%1,44028.78%5,004
Albemarle County2,62856.86%1,91841.50%250.54%511.10%20.04%71015.36%4,622
Alexandria County32230.99%71368.62%20.19%20.19%00.00%-391-37.63%1,039
Alleghany County72028.55%1,71167.84%783.09%130.52%00.00%-991-39.29%2,522
Amelia County66342.20%89957.22%80.51%10.06%10.06%-236-15.02%1,571
Amherst County1,75159.26%1,19040.27%40.14%100.34%60.20%56118.98%2,955
Appomattox County94660.76%59838.41%80.51%50.32%00.00%34822.35%1,557
Augusta County3,06650.12%2,82346.15%1943.17%340.56%20.03%2433.97%6,117
Bath County50851.42%47147.67%30.30%60.61%00.00%373.74%988
Bedford County3,08557.13%2,24841.63%320.59%350.65%20.04%83715.50%5,400
Bland County49856.14%38843.74%00.00%10.11%00.00%11012.40%887
Botetourt County1,49447.44%1,61451.25%190.60%220.70%00.00%-120-3.81%3,149
Brunswick County1,37258.56%95640.80%30.13%120.51%30.13%41617.76%2,343
Buchanan County50942.28%69557.72%00.00%00.00%00.00%-186-15.45%1,204
Buckingham County1,24750.32%1,19948.39%80.32%240.97%20.08%481.94%2,478
Campbell County2,11555.27%1,69644.32%80.21%80.21%20.05%41910.95%3,827
Caroline County1,29345.97%1,50253.39%90.32%90.32%10.04%-209-7.43%2,813
Carroll County1,52847.65%1,67352.17%30.09%30.09%00.00%-145-4.52%3,207
Charles City County27242.11%36256.04%50.77%71.08%00.00%-90-13.93%646
Charlotte County1,45870.78%53826.12%301.45%341.65%50.24%92044.66%2,060
Chesterfield County1,72756.88%1,27341.93%140.46%220.72%10.03%45414.95%3,036
Clarke County1,11468.39%49030.08%181.10%70.43%00.00%62438.31%1,629
Craig County49064.73%24932.89%182.38%00.00%00.00%24131.84%757
Culpeper County1,70459.98%1,11339.18%100.35%140.49%00.00%59120.80%2,841
Cumberland County61848.13%65751.17%40.31%50.39%00.00%-39-3.04%1,284
Dickenson County54750.09%53448.90%10.09%100.92%00.00%131.19%1,092
Dinwiddie County1,09959.47%74140.10%10.05%70.38%00.00%35819.37%1,848
Elizabeth City County57237.39%91960.07%201.31%191.24%00.00%-347-22.68%1,530
Essex County92457.86%66941.89%10.06%30.19%00.00%25515.97%1,597
Fairfax County2,10952.51%1,87746.74%80.20%220.55%10.02%2325.78%4,016
Fauquier County2,74463.40%1,55335.88%90.21%220.51%20.05%1,19127.52%4,328
Floyd County84835.53%1,52563.89%120.50%20.08%10.04%-677-28.36%2,387
Fluvanna County91955.97%70843.12%30.18%120.73%10.06%21112.85%1,642
Franklin County2,30557.28%1,71142.52%50.12%30.07%00.00%59414.76%4,024
Frederick County1,84867.74%84530.98%240.88%110.40%00.00%1,00336.77%2,728
Giles County99354.08%77742.32%512.78%150.82%00.00%21611.76%1,836
Gloucester County81959.13%54939.64%100.72%70.51%10.07%27019.49%1,385
Goochland County67642.62%89756.56%30.19%100.63%00.00%-221-13.93%1,586
Grayson County1,32846.91%1,47352.03%20.07%280.99%00.00%-145-5.12%2,831
Greene County53347.76%58152.06%20.18%00.00%00.00%-48-4.30%1,116
Greensville County85064.05%47135.49%30.23%30.23%00.00%37928.56%1,327
Halifax County3,23160.57%2,05038.43%330.62%200.37%10.02%1,18122.14%5,334
Hanover County1,49951.71%1,33746.12%260.90%371.28%10.03%1625.59%2,899
Henrico County2,33255.39%1,81743.16%130.31%481.14%50.12%51512.23%4,210
Henry County1,40943.95%1,78355.61%100.31%40.12%00.00%-374-11.67%3,206
Highland County55352.62%48946.53%70.67%20.19%10.10%646.09%1,051
Isle of Wight County1,26463.17%72736.33%70.35%30.15%70.35%53726.84%2,001
James City County26147.03%29152.43%20.36%10.18%10.18%-30-5.41%555
King and Queen County85356.27%65543.21%50.33%30.20%00.00%19813.06%1,516
King George County58245.75%68153.54%30.24%60.47%00.00%-99-7.78%1,272
King William County59237.16%99062.15%60.38%50.31%00.00%-398-24.98%1,593
Lancaster County1,07363.42%59935.40%160.94%40.24%30.18%47428.01%1,692
Lee County1,47549.63%1,47049.46%160.54%110.37%00.00%50.17%2,972
Loudoun County2,74156.67%1,99141.16%961.98%90.19%00.00%75015.51%4,837
Louisa County1,36648.93%1,39149.82%250.90%100.36%00.00%-25-0.90%2,792
Lunenburg County1,04568.30%47531.05%60.39%40.26%00.00%57037.25%1,530
Madison County1,08959.90%72439.82%50.28%00.00%00.00%36520.08%1,818
Mathews County79762.36%44434.74%302.35%70.55%00.00%35327.62%1,278
Mecklenburg County2,09946.81%2,35352.48%260.58%60.13%00.00%-254-5.66%4,484
Middlesex County68850.00%68049.42%50.36%30.22%00.00%80.58%1,376
Montgomery County1,31744.21%1,59453.51%561.88%120.40%10.03%-277-9.30%2,979
Nansemond County1,30054.64%1,06044.56%110.46%80.34%20.08%24010.09%2,379
Nelson County1,49254.89%1,18343.52%200.74%230.85%00.00%30911.37%2,718
New Kent County36944.84%44654.19%30.36%50.61%00.00%-77-9.36%823
Norfolk County2,13737.66%3,47561.24%330.58%290.51%70.12%-1,338-23.58%5,674
Northampton County1,08656.56%80241.77%211.09%110.57%00.00%28414.79%1,920
Northumberland County95350.88%90448.26%130.69%30.16%10.05%492.62%1,873
Nottoway County93665.36%47833.38%161.12%20.14%00.00%45831.98%1,432
Orange County1,32457.44%95741.52%110.48%130.56%00.00%36715.92%2,305
Page County1,16643.67%1,45454.46%371.38%130.49%20.07%-288-10.79%2,670
Patrick County88643.45%1,14055.91%100.49%30.15%10.05%-254-12.46%2,039
Pittsylvania County3,98755.04%3,19644.12%360.50%250.35%00.00%79110.92%7,244
Powhatan County52845.17%63754.49%00.00%40.34%00.00%-109-9.32%1,169
Prince Edward County99149.60%97949.00%60.30%221.10%00.00%120.60%1,998
Prince George County51856.43%39442.92%10.11%50.54%10.11%12413.51%918
Prince William County1,34164.56%72735.00%20.10%70.34%00.00%61429.56%2,077
Princess Anne County79053.20%68746.26%60.40%20.13%00.00%1036.94%1,485
Pulaski County1,10942.51%1,48957.07%30.11%80.31%10.04%-380-14.56%2,609
Rappahannock County1,07665.05%56934.40%10.06%80.48%00.00%50730.65%1,654
Richmond County66749.63%66749.63%30.22%70.52%00.00%00.00%1,344
Roanoke County1,11642.15%1,48456.04%361.36%120.45%10.04%-368-13.90%2,648
Rockbridge County1,63440.41%2,29056.63%170.42%1032.55%00.00%-656-16.22%4,044
Rockingham County2,99845.09%3,52453.00%1001.50%270.41%00.00%-526-7.91%6,649
Russell County1,53050.70%1,47548.87%90.30%40.13%10.03%551.82%3,018
Scott County1,79344.67%2,20654.96%40.10%110.27%10.02%-413-10.29%4,014
Shenandoah County2,05248.26%2,10249.44%511.20%471.11%00.00%-50-1.18%4,252
Smyth County1,40747.41%1,54652.09%80.27%70.24%40.13%-139-4.68%2,968
Southampton County1,43875.80%43923.14%140.74%60.32%00.00%99952.66%1,897
Spotsylvania County87749.05%90350.50%40.22%40.22%00.00%-26-1.45%1,788
Stafford County62936.59%1,08463.06%30.17%30.17%00.00%-455-26.47%1,719
Surry County70953.39%60945.86%50.38%50.38%00.00%1007.53%1,328
Sussex County76964.46%41835.04%20.17%40.34%00.00%35129.42%1,193
Tazewell County1,58238.36%2,52561.23%80.19%90.22%00.00%-943-22.87%4,124
Warren County1,17265.40%57532.09%251.40%201.12%00.00%59733.31%1,792
Warwick County23829.10%57770.54%10.12%20.24%00.00%-339-41.44%818
Washington County2,37446.74%2,66952.55%200.39%160.32%00.00%-295-5.81%5,079
Westmoreland County70545.72%82753.63%20.13%80.52%10.06%-122-7.91%1,542
Wise County96643.87%1,23055.86%00.00%60.27%10.05%-264-11.99%2,202
Wythe County1,68346.17%1,88251.63%90.25%711.95%40.11%-199-5.46%3,645
York County72275.05%22323.18%161.66%10.10%00.00%49951.87%962
Alexandria City1,83057.55%1,28140.28%371.16%321.01%40.13%54917.26%3,180
Bristol City41350.06%38446.55%161.94%121.45%00.00%293.52%825
Buena Vista City21953.81%18445.21%00.00%30.74%00.00%358.60%407
Charlottesville City80167.31%37131.18%70.59%110.92%00.00%43036.13%1,190
Danville City1,70259.26%1,07837.53%511.78%411.43%00.00%62421.73%2,872
Fredericksburg City53356.88%38841.41%70.74%90.96%30.32%14515.47%937
Lynchburg City1,65749.21%1,64748.92%371.10%260.77%00.00%100.30%3,367
Manchester City81256.90%58841.21%90.63%181.26%10.07%22415.70%1,427
Newport News City67644.59%81553.76%50.33%201.32%10.07%-139-9.17%1,516
Norfolk City3,06858.67%1,99538.15%731.39%931.78%50.10%1,07320.52%5,229
Petersburg City1,68266.32%76630.21%50.20%833.27%20.08%91636.12%2,536
Portsmouth City1,38062.61%76934.89%70.32%482.18%10.05%61127.72%2,204
Radford City37252.47%30943.58%182.54%101.41%00.00%638.89%709
Richmond City7,83958.36%5,16038.42%990.74%3342.49%50.04%2,67919.94%13,432
Roanoke City2,00552.86%1,69744.74%581.53%330.87%20.05%3088.12%3,793
Staunton City71350.82%55639.63%926.55%422.99%10.07%15711.19%1,403
Williamsburg City11354.59%9043.48%31.45%10.48%00.00%2311.11%207
Winchester City49049.70%44745.33%222.23%272.74%10.10%434.36%986
Totals154,97852.56%135,37945.92%2,3500.80%2,1290.72%1080.04%19,5996.65%294,837

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Heersink. Boris. Jenkins. Jeffrey A.. Republican Party Politics and the American South, 1865–1968. 217–221. 1107158435.
  2. Moger. Allen. The Rift in Virginia Democracy in 1896. The Journal of Southern History. 4. 3. 295–317.
  3. Web site: Wright. James D.. The farmer’s revolt: the election of 1896 in Virginia. University of Richmond. May 18, 1978.
  4. News: The Hustler. Madisonville, Kentucky. A Conservative Estimate of the Electoral Vote Makes a Fine Showing for Bryan. September 22, 1896. 2.
  5. News: Reading Times. Reading, Pennsylvania. Chairman Jones’ Bluff. October 14, 1896. 1.
  6. News: Doubtful States: Representatives of Them Interviewed on the Outlook — Opinions of the Common People: Results of Visits to Hotels and Railroad Stations — The Views Expressed. Evening Star. Washington, D.C.. October 31, 1896. 10.
  7. Book: Menendez, Albert J.. The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004. 322–324. 0786422173.
  8. [Kevin Phillips (political commentator)|Phillips, Kevin P.]
  9. Web site: 1896 Presidential General Election Results – Virginia. U.S. Election Atlas. 12 April 2013.
  10. Robinson, Edgar Eugene; The Presidential Vote 1896-1932, pp. 354-361
  11. Web site: Géoelections. Popular Vote at the Presidential Election for 1896. (.xlsx file for €30 including full minor party figures)