Election Name: | 1896 United States House of Representatives elections |
Country: | United States |
Flag Year: | 1896 |
Type: | legislative |
Ongoing: | no |
Previous Election: | 1894 United States House of Representatives elections |
Previous Year: | 1894 |
Next Election: | 1898 United States House of Representatives elections |
Next Year: | 1898 |
Majority Seats: | 179 |
Election Date: | November 3, 1896 |
Image1: | TBReed.jpg |
Party1: | Republican Party (US) |
Last Election1: | 254 seats |
Seats1: | 206[1] |
Seat Change1: | 48 |
Popular Vote1: | 6,655,919 |
Percentage1: | 48.77% |
Swing1: | 0.50% |
Party2: | Democratic Party (US) |
Last Election2: | 93 seats |
Seats2: | 124 |
Seat Change2: | 31 |
Popular Vote2: | 5,594,384 |
Percentage2: | 40.99% |
Swing2: | 3.27% |
Party4: | Populist Party (US) |
Last Election4: | 9 seats |
Seats4: | 22 |
Seat Change4: | 13 |
Popular Vote4: | 935,636 |
Percentage4: | 6.86% |
Swing4: | 4.16% |
Party5: | Silver Republican Party |
Last Election5: | New Party |
Seats5: | 3 |
Seat Change5: | 3 |
Popular Vote5: | 139,132 |
Percentage5: | 1.02% |
Swing5: | Pre-creation |
Party7: | Silver Party |
Last Election7: | 1 |
Seats7: | 1 |
Popular Vote7: | 6,429 |
Percentage7: | 0.05% |
Swing7: | 0.01% |
Party8: | Independent Republican (United States) |
Last Election8: | 0 |
Seats8: | 1 |
Seat Change8: | 1 |
Popular Vote8: | 72,945 |
Percentage8: | 0.53% |
Swing8: | 0.20% |
Map Size: | 350px |
Before Party: | Republican Party (US) |
After Party: | Republican Party (US) |
The 1896 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 3, 1896, with Oregon, Maine, and Vermont holding theirs early in either June or September. They coincided with the election of President William McKinley. Elections were held for 357 seats of the United States House of Representatives, representing 45 states, to serve in the 55th United States Congress. The size of the House increased by one seat after Utah gained statehood on January 4, 1896. Special elections were also held throughout the year.
The Republican Party maintained its large majority in the House but lost 48 seats, mostly to the Democratic and Populist parties. The Republican losses were most likely due to the extraordinary gains that party made in the prior elections, when many normally Democratic districts voted Republican due to the severity of and fallout from the Panic of 1893. The Democratic Party recovered in the Mid-Atlantic and Midwestern districts dominated by Catholic and working-class voters. In the Western United States, the Populist Party made large gains and several Republicans broke away over the national party platform's endorsement of a gold standard.
This election marked the zenith of the Populist Party. The Populists would lose most of their seats in the 1898 elections and thereafter slowly fade from prominence.
124 | 22 | 5 | 206 | |
Democratic | Republican |
State | Type | Total seats | Democratic | Populist | Silver | Silver Republican | Ind. Republican | Republican | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||||||||||||||||
Alabama | District | 9 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Arkansas | District | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
California | District | 7 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||
Colorado | District | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Connecticut | District | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Florida | District | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Georgia | District | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Idaho | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Illinois | District | 22 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Indiana | District | 13 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Iowa | District | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Kansas | District +at-large | 8 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Kentucky | District | 11 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Louisiana | District | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Maine | District | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Maryland | District | 6 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Massachusetts | District | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Michigan | District | 12 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Minnesota | District | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Mississippi | District | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Missouri | District | 15 | 12 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Montana | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nebraska | District | 6 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
New Hampshire | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
New Jersey | District | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
New York | District | 34 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
North Carolina | District | 9 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
North Dakota | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ohio | District | 21 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Oregon | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Pennsylvania | District +2 at-large | 30 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 26 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
South Carolina | District | 7 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
South Dakota | At-large | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Tennessee | District | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Texas | District | 13 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Utah | At-large | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Vermont | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Virginia | District | 10 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Washington | At-large | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
West Virginia | District | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||
Wisconsin | District | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Wyoming | At-large | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
align=center colspan=2 | Total | 357 | 124 | 31 | 22 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 206 | 48 |
|-!
|-! | J. William Stokes| | Democratic| 1894| Incumbent's previous election declared void June 1, 1896 due to electoral fraud.
Incumbent re-elected November 3, 1896.
Incumbent also elected to the next term; see below.| nowrap |
|}
Three states, with 8 seats between them, held elections early in 1896:
See also: List of United States representatives from Alabama.
|-! | Richard Henry Clarke| | Democratic| 1888| | Incumbent retired to un for Governor of Alabama.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Jesse F. Stallings| | Democratic| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | George Paul Harrison Jr.| | Democratic| 1894| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William F. Aldrich| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected after initial results indicated loss to Plowman.| nowrap |
|-! | Albert Taylor Goodwyn| | Populist| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | John H. Bankhead| | Democratic| 1886| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Milford W. Howard| | Populist| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Joseph Wheeler| | Democratic| 1884| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Truman H. Aldrich| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Arkansas.
See main article: 1896 United States House of Representatives elections in California.
See also: List of United States representatives from California.
|-! | John All Barham| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Grove L. Johnson| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Samuel G. Hilborn| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | James G. Maguire| | Democratic| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Eugene F. Loud| | Republican| 1890| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | James McLachlan| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Populist gain.| nowrap |
|-! | William W. Bowers| | Republican| 1890| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Populist gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Colorado.
See also: List of United States representatives from Connecticut.
See also: List of United States representatives from Delaware.
See main article: 1896 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida.
|-! | Stephen M. Sparkman| | Democratic| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Charles Merian Cooper| | Democratic| 1892| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Georgia.
See also: List of United States representatives from Idaho.
|-! | Edgar Wilson| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent retired to run for Idaho Supreme Court.
New member elected.
Populist gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Illinois.
See also: List of United States representatives from Indiana.
See also: List of United States representatives from Iowa.
See also: List of United States representatives from Kansas.
See also: List of United States representatives from Kentucky.
See also: List of United States representatives from Louisiana.
See also: List of United States representatives from Maine.
|-! | Thomas Brackett Reed| | Republican| 1876| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Nelson Dingley Jr.| | Republican| 1880| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Seth L. Milliken| | Republican| 1882| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Charles A. Boutelle| | Republican| 1882| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Maryland.
See also: List of United States representatives from Massachusetts.
|-! | Ashley B. Wright| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Frederick H. Gillett| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Joseph H. Walker| | Republican| 1888| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Lewis D. Apsley| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William S. Knox| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William H. Moody| | Republican| 1895 (special)| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William Emerson Barrett| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Samuel W. McCall| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John F. Fitzgerald| | Democratic| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Harrison Henry Atwood| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-nomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William F. Draper| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Elijah A. Morse| | Republican| 1888| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John Simpkins| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Michigan.
See also: List of United States representatives from Minnesota.
See also: List of United States representatives from Mississippi.
|-! | John M. Allen| | Democratic| 1884| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John C. Kyle| | Democratic| 1890| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas C. Catchings| | Democratic| 1884| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Hernando Money| | Democratic| 1892| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | John S. Williams| | Democratic| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Walter M. Denny| | Democratic| 1894| | Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | James G. Spencer| | Democratic| 1894| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Missouri.
See also: List of United States representatives from Montana.
|-! | Charles S. Hartman| | Republican| 1892| |Incumbent re-elected.
Silver Republican gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Nebraska.
|-! | Jesse B. Strode| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | David H. Mercer| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | George de Rue Meiklejohn| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Populist gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Eugene Jerome Hainer| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Populist gain.| nowrap |
|-! | William E. Andrews| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Populist gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Omer Madison Kem| | Populist| 1890| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Populist hold.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Nevada.
See also: List of United States representatives from New Hampshire.
See also: List of United States representatives from New Jersey.
See also: List of United States representatives from New York.
See also: List of United States representatives from North Carolina.
See also: List of United States representatives from North Dakota.
|-! | Martin N. Johnson| | Republican| 1890| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
|-! | Charles Phelps Taft| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Jacob H. Bromwell| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Paul J. Sorg| | Democratic| 1894| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Fernando C. Layton| | Democratic| 1890| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Francis B. De Witt| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | George W. Hulick| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | George W. Wilson| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Luther M. Strong| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | James H. Southard| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Lucien J. Fenton| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Charles H. Grosvenor| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | David K. Watson| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Stephen Ross Harris| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Winfield S. Kerr| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | H. Clay Van Voorhis| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Lorenzo Danford| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Addison S. McClure| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Robert W. Tayler| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Stephen A. Northway| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Clifton B. Beach| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Theodore E. Burton| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Oregon.
|-! | Binger Hermann| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | William R. Ellis| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania.
See also: List of United States representatives from Rhode Island.
See main article: 1896 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina.
|-! | George W. Murray| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | W. Jasper Talbert| | Democratic| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Asbury Latimer| | Democratic| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Stanyarne Wilson| | Democratic| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Thomas J. Strait| | Democratic| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John L. McLaurin| | Democratic| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | J. William Stokes| | Democratic| 1894| Incumbent's previous election declared void June 1, 1896 due to electoral fraud.
Incumbent re-elected.
Incumbent also elected to finish the term.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from South Dakota.
|-! rowspan=2 |
| John Pickler| | Republican| 1889 | | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Populist gain.| rowspan=2 nowrap |
|-| Robert J. Gamble| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Populist gain.
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Tennessee.
|-! | William C. Anderson| | Republican| 1894| |Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Henry R. Gibson| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Foster V. Brown| | Republican| 1894| |Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | Benton McMillin| | Democratic| 1878| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | James D. Richardson| | Democratic| 1884| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Joseph E. Washington| | Democratic| 1886| |Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Nicholas N. Cox| | Democratic| 1890| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John E. McCall| | Republican| 1894| |Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|-! | James C. McDearmon| | Democratic| 1892| |Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Josiah Patterson| | Democratic| 1890| |Incumbent lost re-election as a National Democrat.
New member elected.
Democratic hold.|
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Texas.
See also: List of United States representatives from Utah.
See also: List of United States representatives from Vermont.
|-! | H. Henry Powers| | Republican| 1890| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | William W. Grout| | Republican| 1884| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Virginia.
See also: List of United States representatives from Washington.
|-! rowspan= "2"|
| William H. Doolittle| | Republican| 1892| |Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap rowspan="2"|
|-| Samuel C. Hyde| | Republican| 1894| |Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Silver Republican gain.
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from West Virginia.
|-! | Blackburn B. Dovener| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Alston G. Dayton| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | James H. Huling| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Warren Miller| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Wisconsin. Wisconsin elected ten members of congress on Election Day, November 3, 1896.[2] [3]
|-! | Henry Allen Cooper| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Edward Sauerhering| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Joseph W. Babcock| | Republican| 1892| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Theobald Otjen| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Samuel S. Barney| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Samuel A. Cook| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent declined re-nomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.| nowrap |
|-! | Michael Griffin| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Edward S. Minor| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | Alexander Stewart| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|-! | John J. Jenkins| | Republican| 1894| Incumbent re-elected.| nowrap |
|}
See main article: 1896 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming.
See also: List of United States representatives from Wyoming.
|-! | Frank W. Mondell| | Republican| 1894| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.| nowrap |
|}
See also: List of United States representatives from Oklahoma.
|-! | Dennis T. Flynn| | Republican| 1892| | Incumbent lost re-election.
New delegate elected.
Silver gain.| nowrap |
|}