1895 in animation explained

Events in 1895 in animation.

Events

• August 28: Release of the film The Execution of Mary Stuart, directed by Alfred Clark. It is the first known film to use special effects, specifically the stop trick. Stop motion is closely related to the stop trick, in which the camera is temporarily stopped during the recording of a scene to create a change before filming is continued (or for which the cause of the change is edited out of the film). In the resulting film, the change will be sudden and a logical cause of the change will be mysteriously absent or replaced with a fake cause that is suggested in the scene. The technique of stop motion can be interpreted as repeatedly applying the stop trick. ^{[1] [2] [3]}

Births

February

• February 27: Edward Brophy, American comedian and actor (voice of Timothy Q. Mouse in Dumbo), (d. 1960).^[4]

March

• March 4: Milt Gross, American cartoonist and animator (Bray Productions, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer cartoon studio, Screen Gems, adapted his comic strip Count Screwloose into two animated short films), (d. 1953).^{[5] [6] [7] [8]}
• March 23: Larry Grey, English magician (voice of Bill the Lizard in Alice in Wonderland), (d. 1951).^[9]

April

• April 4: Tack Knight, American animator and comics artist (Animated Film Corporation, Walt Disney Company, Fleischer Brothers, The Adventures of Horace Cope), (d. 1976).^[10]
• April 22: Margaret J. Winkler, American animation producer and film distributor, credited as the first woman to produce and distribute animated films, (Pat Sullivan, Fleischer Brothers, Walt Disney, founder of Screen Gems) and wife of Charles Mintz, (d. 1990).^{[11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16]}
• April 30: Verena Ruegg, American animator, camerawoman, and painter, (worked in the ink and paint department of both the Walt Disney Studios and Warner Bros. Cartoons, camerawoman for the animation process during World War II), (d. 1973).^{[17] [18] [19]}

May

• May 19: Albert Hay Malotte, American pianist, organist, composer and educator (Walt Disney Animation Studios), (d. 1964).^{[20] [21]}
• May 21: Ben Hardaway, American animator (Looney Tunes, worked for Walter Lantz), (d. 1957).^{[22] [23] [24]}

June

• June 14: Cliff Edwards, American singer, musician and actor (voice of Jiminy Cricket in Pinocchio, Fun and Fancy Free and From All of Us to All of You, and Jim Crow in Dumbo), (d. 1971).^{[25] [26]}

November

• November 4:
  • Jack King, American animator, film director and comics artist (J.R. Bray, International Film Service, Walt Disney Company, Warner Bros. Cartoons), (d. 1958).^{[27] [28] [29]}
  • Ben Sharpsteen, American animation director and film producer, (sequence director for Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, supervising director for Pinocchio and Dumbo, production supervisor for Fantasia, Fun and Fancy Free, Melody Time, The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad, Cinderella, and Alice in Wonderland), (d. 1980).^{[30] [31]}

October

• October 20: Rex Ingram, American actor (narrator in John Henry and the Inky-Poo), (d. 1969).^{[32] [33]}

Sources

• • • • Leonard Maltin; Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons; Penguin Books; (1980, 1987)
• Russell Merritt and J. B. Kaufman; Walt in Wonderland: The Silent Films of Walt Disney; Johns Hopkins University Press; (paperback, 1993)

Notes and References

1. 2012-06-15. Romeo and Juliet. 10.5040/9781580819015.01. Romeo and Juliet .
2. Book: Crafton, Donald. Emile Cohl, Caricature, and Film. July 14, 2014. Princeton University Press. Google Books. 9781400860715.
3. Richard Rickitt: Special Effects: The History and Technique, Billboard Books; 2nd edition, 2007; ISBN 0-8230-8408-6
4. News: Edward Brophy Dies. The Kansas City Times . The Kansas City Times. May 31, 1960. 1. Newspapers.com. October 26, 2015.
5. News: 1953-12-01. MILT GROSS DEAD; NOTED CARTOONIST; ' Nize Baby' Stories, Drawings Brought Him Success and Influenced U. S. Slang (Published 1953). en-US. The New York Times. 2020-11-06. 0362-4331.
6. Web site: Markstein. Don. Milt Gross . . 2006-10-25 .
7. Cohen (2004), p. 40
8. Web site: MichaelBarrier.com -- Interviews: John Hubley . 2023-08-12 . www.michaelbarrier.com.
9. Book: Suicide in the Entertainment Industry. David K. Frasier. 11 September 2015. McFarland . 9781476608075. 2018-09-28.
10. Web site: Tack Knight. lambiek.net. May 20, 2020.
11. News: Margaret Winkler Mintz; Distributor of Animated Films. Los Angeles Times. June 24, 1990. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20120118012730/http://articles.latimes.com/1990-06-24/news/mn-1009_1_margaret-winkler-mintz. January 18, 2012.
12. Merritt and Kaufman. pg. 15-16
13. Maltin. pg. 23
14. News: The story of the Hungarian immigrant who funded Walt Disney. Austin. Daryl. December 21, 2019. Newsweek. December 21, 2019.
15. Book: Johnson, Mindy. Ink & paint: the women of Walt Disney's animation. 2017. 978-1-4847-2781-2. 39. 968290213.
16. News: Los Angeles Times. History of Gems. June 12, 1999. September 17, 2020.
17. Book: Downey, Lynn . Arequipa Sanatorium: Life in California's Lung Resort for Women . 2019-09-12 . University of Oklahoma Press . 978-0-8061-6511-0 . 107–108 . en.
18. Book: Adamson, Joe . Bugs Bunny : fifty years and only one grey hare . 1990 . New York : Henry Holt and Company . Internet Archive . 978-0-8050-1190-6 . 36.
19. News: October 14, 1942 . Lady Lenser . 3 . Variety . January 8, 2023.
20. News: Albert Hay Malotte Dies at 69; Set 'The Lord's Prayer' to Music . November 18, 1964 . The New York Times.
21. Bartolomé Llorens Peset, Fiesta en Purchena: Los Juegos Moriscos de Aben Humeya en la obra del compositor estadounidense Albert Hay Malotte. Ayuntamiento de Purchena: Almería, 2013.
22. Web site: Bugs Hardaway of Battery D . 2023-09-10 . cartoonresearch.com.
23. News: Death List of Notables . . Leader Herald . 1957.
24. News: Cartoon Creator Dies . 1957-02-06 . 2022-05-02 . . The Kingston Daily Freeman . 23.
25. News: New York Times . Cliff Edwards, 76, 'Ukulele Ike' Of Stage and Film, Dies on Coast . nytimes.com . July 22, 1971 . March 31, 2020.
26. Web site: Disney First Christmas Special. Tvparty.com. 8 August 2019.
27. Web site: Jack King. lambiek.net.
28. Barrier (2003), Warner Bros., pp. unnumbered pages
29. Lenburg (2006), pp. 179-180
30. Web site: Disney Legends - D23. February 21, 2017.
31. Web site: Home - History Museum - Field Trip - Fun Events - Calistoga CA - Sharpsteen Museum. February 21, 2017.
32. News: Rex Ingrain, the Actor, Dies in Hollywood at 73. His Portrayal of De Lawd in 'Green Pastures' Hailed. Medical School Graduate . . September 20, 1969 . 2012-11-17 .
33. 1969-10-02. Veteran Actor Rex Ingram Died of Heart Attack. Jet. 36. 26. 56.