1878 in Scotland explained

Events from the year 1878 in Scotland.

Incumbents

14 January – Alexander Graham Bell demonstrates the telephone to Queen Victoria.^[1]
15 March – restoration of the Scottish hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church, carried out on the instructions of the newly appointed Pope Leo XIII.
31 May – the North British Railway's first Tay Bridge across the Firth of Tay is ceremonially opened, its engineer, Thomas Bouch, being made a burgess of Dundee. Designed in iron to replace a train ferry, it is the world's longest bridge at this date.^[2]
12 December – the iron-hulled full-rigged ship Falls of Clyde is launched at Russell & Company's yard at Port Glasgow for Wright and Breakenridge's Glasgow-based Falls Line. In 1968 she will be laid up as a museum ship in Honolulu.
Sophia Jex-Blake sets up in practice in Edinburgh as the city's first woman doctor.
The hydropathic establishment in Moffat is opened.
Construction of forts on Inchkeith begins.
West coast shipping operator David Hutcheson & Co. passes wholly to control of David MacBrayne.
The sanitary porcelainware works at Barrhead that becomes part of Armitage Shanks is established.

20 January – Finlay Currie, actor (died 1968 in England)
23 March – Muirhead Bone, graphic artist (died 1953 in England)
12 April – Alex McDonald, footballer (died 1949)
24 July – Louisa Jordan, nurse (died 1915 in Serbia)
10 August – Louis Esson, poet and playwright (died 1943 in Australia)
14 December – James Greenlees, rugby union footballer, educationalist and soldier (died 1951)
Robert Freeman, Baptist minister in the United States
George Wittet, architect (died 1926 in Bombay)

26 January – Kirkpatrick Macmillan, inventor of the bicycle (born 1812)
19 February – George Paul Chalmers, painter (born 1833; died as the result of a street attack)
6 June – Robert Stirling, Church of Scotland minister and inventor of the Stirling engine (born 1790)
13 August – George Gilfillan, writer and poet (born 1813)
5 December – George Whyte-Melville, novelist and poet (born 1821)^[3]
31 December – James Matheson, Member of Parliament and co-founder of Jardine, Matheson & Co. (born 1796)

July – William McGonagall journeys on foot from Dundee to Balmoral Castle over mountainous terrain and through a violent thunderstorm in a fruitless attempt to perform his verse before Queen Victoria.^[4]

Book: Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 0-14-102715-0. 2006.
Book: Thomas, John. John Thomas (author). The North British Railway. 1. 1969. David & Charles. Newton Abbot. 0-7153-4697-0.
http://www.stanford.edu/group/auden/cgi-bin/auden/individual.php?pid=I22925&ged=auden-bicknell.ged stanford.edu
Autobiographical account published in his More Poetic Gems.