| Country: | Liechtenstein |
| Previous Election: | 1877 |
| Next Election: | 1882 |
| Election Date: | 15–16 May 1878 |
| Seats For Election: | 11 seats in the Landtag |
| Election Name: | 1878 Liechtenstein general election |
| Nopercentage: | yes |
| Landesverweser | |
| Before Election: | Karl von Hausen |
| After Election: | Karl von Hausen |
| Flag Year: | 1852 |
General elections were held in Liechtenstein on 15 and 16 May 1878. New elections were called after the Landtag was dissolved as part of the compromise between the representatives of the Oberland and Unterland regions during the 1877 general election.
Starting from this election, Landtag members were elected to represent their electoral districts and not Liechtenstein as a whole. The country was divided into two electoral districts; Oberland (with seven seats) and Unterland (with five seats).
Electors were selected through elections that were held between 16 and 30 April. Each municipality had two electors for every 100 inhabitants.
| Municipality | Electors | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Balzers | 22 | 0 | |
| Eschen | 18 | 0 | |
| Gamprin | 6 | 0 | |
| Mauren | 18 | 0 | |
| Planken | 2 | 0 | |
| Ruggell | 10 | 0 | |
| Schaan | 20 | 0 | |
| Schellenberg | 8 | 0 | |
| Triesen | 18 | 0 | |
| Triesenberg | 20 | 0 | |
| Vaduz | 18 | 0 | |
| Total | 160 | 0 | |
| Source: Vogt[1] | |||
The election of Oberland's Landtag members and substitutes was held on 15 May in Vaduz. Of Oberland's 100 electors, 96 were present. Oberland elected seven Landtag members and four substitutes.
The election of Unterland's Landtag members and substitutes was held on 16 May in Mauren. All of Unterland's 60 electors were present. Unterland elected five Landtag members and two substitutes.
| Electoral district | Seats | Electors | Turnout | Elected members | Elected substitutes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oberland | 7 | 100 | 96 | |||
| Unterland | 5 | 60 | 60 | |||
| Source: Vogt | ||||||