| Election Name: | 1874 Canadian federal election |
| Country: | Canada |
| Flag Year: | 1868 |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Party Colour: | no |
| Party Name: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1872 Canadian federal election |
| Previous Year: | 1872 |
| Next Election: | 1878 Canadian federal election |
| Next Year: | 1878 |
| Majority Seats: | 104 |
| Turnout: | 69.6%[1] (0.7pp) |
| Election Date: | January 22, 1874 |
| Elected Members: | 3rd Canadian Parliament |
| Outgoing Members: | 2nd Canadian Parliament |
| Leader1: | Alexander Mackenzie |
| Leader Since1: | March 6, 1873 |
| Leaders Seat1: | Lambton |
| Last Election1: | 95 seats, 34.7% |
| Seats1: | 129 |
| Seat Change1: | 35 |
| Popular Vote1: | 128,455 |
| Percentage1: | 39.5% |
| Swing1: | 4.8% |
| Leader2: | John A. Macdonald |
| Leader Since2: | July 1, 1867 |
| Leaders Seat2: | Kingston |
| Last Election2: | 100 seats, 38.7% |
| Seats2: | 65 |
| Seat Change2: | 35 |
| Popular Vote2: | 97,925 |
| Percentage2: | 30.1% |
| Swing2: | 8.6% |
| Map Size: | 380px |
| Map2 Image: | Chambre des Communes 1874.png |
| Map2 Size: | 380px |
| Map2 Caption: | The Canadian parliament after the 1874 election |
| Prime Minister | |
| Posttitle: | Prime Minister after election |
| Before Election: | Alexander Mackenzie |
| After Election: | Alexander Mackenzie |
The 1874 Canadian federal election was held on January 22, 1874, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 3rd Parliament of Canada. Sir John A. Macdonald, who had recently been forced out of office as prime minister, and his Conservatives were defeated by the Liberal Party under their new leader Prime Minister Alexander Mackenzie.
Macdonald's government had been forced to resign on November 5, 1873, because of allegations of corruption relating to the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway (see the Pacific Scandal). The Liberals under Mackenzie formed a government two days later with an election called for January. The Tories were unable to recover from the scandal and lost the election as a result.
The election was the first general election after Prince Edward Island's entry into Confederation, and the first to use secret ballots in Canada.
| 3rd Parliament | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Party | Party leader |
| Seats | Popular vote | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1872 | Elected | Change | % | Change | Liberal | Alexander Mackenzie | 140 | 95 | 129 | +35.8% | 128,455 | 39.49% | +4.77pp | Conservative | John A. Macdonald | 65 | 63 | 39 | align="right" | -38.1% | 57,691 | 17.74% | align="right" | -8.02pp | Liberal-Conservative1 | 38 | 36 | 26 | align="right" | -27.8% | 40,234 | 12.37% | align="right" | -0.53pp | Conservative Labour | 1 | 1 | align="right" width="51" | - | align="right" | -100% | 1,515 | 0.47% | +0.02pp | Independents | 7 | 1 | 4 | +300% | 10,453 | 3.21% | +1.58pp | Independent Liberal | 5 | 2 | 5 | +300% | 6,541 | 2.01% | +0.37pp | Independent Conservative | 3 | 2 | 3 | +50% | 2,360 | 0.73% | +0.03pp | Unknown | 104 | align="right" | - | - | align="right" | - | 78,008 | 23.98% | +1.78pp | ||||||
| Total | 355 | 200 | 206 | +3.0% | 325,247 | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source: Parliamentary website, Detailed riding results | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes:
1 Liberal-Conservatives sat with the Conservative caucus in the House of Commons.
Acclamations
The following Members of Parliament were elected by acclamation;
| Party name | BC | ON | QC | NB | NS | PEI | Total | Seats | 3 | 1 | 61 | 34 | 10 | 15 | 5 | 129 | Popular vote | 34.1 | 47.0 | 39.6 | 34.8 | 47.1 | 38.1 | 56.8 | 39.5 | Seats | 1 | 1 | 15 | 17 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 39 | Vote | 4.5 | 13.8 | 19.5 | 17.6 | 6.8 | 17.8 | 17.5 | 17.7 | Seats | 1 | 10 | 12 | 1 | 2 | align="right" | - | 26 | Vote | 16.9 | 10.4 | 14.9 | 8.6 | 19.2 | 15.4 | 12.4 | Conservative Labour | Seats | align="right" | - | align="right" | - | Vote | 0.9 | 0.5 | Unknown | Seats | Vote | 29.2 | 13.8 | 27.2 | 27.5 | 19.9 | 9.0 | 10.3 | 24.0 | Independent | Seats | 1 | align="right" | - | align="right" | - | 2 | 1 | 4 | Vote | 9.5 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 17.6 | 7.7 | 3.2 | Independent Liberal | Seats | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | Vote | 15.4 | 1.7 | 8.2 | 2.0 | Independent Conservative | Seats | 1 | 2 | 3 | Vote | 15.9 | 2.9 | 0.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Total seats | 6 | 4 | 88 | 65 | 16 | 21 | 6 | 206 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||