1869 in Wales explained

This article is about the particular significance of the year 1869 to Wales and its people.

Incumbents

• Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey – Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey (until 7 February); William Owen Stanley (from 2 March)^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}
• Lord Lieutenant of Brecknockshire – Charles Morgan, 1st Baron Tredegar^{[5] [6]}
• Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire – Edward Douglas-Pennant, 1st Baron Penrhyn^[7]
• Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire – Edward Pryse^{[8] [2]}
  • Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire – John Campbell, 2nd Earl Cawdor Lord Lieutenant of Denbighshire – Robert Myddelton Biddulph^[9]
• Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire – Sir Stephen Glynne, 9th Baronet^[10]
• Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan – Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot^[11]
• Lord Lieutenant of Merionethshire – Edward Lloyd-Mostyn, 2nd Baron Mostyn^[12]
• Lord Lieutenant of Monmouthshire – Henry Somerset, 8th Duke of Beaufort^[13]
• Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire – Sudeley Hanbury-Tracy, 3rd Baron Sudeley^[14]
• Lord Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire – William Edwardes, 3rd Baron Kensington^[15]
• Lord Lieutenant of Radnorshire – John Walsh, 1st Baron Ormathwaite^{[16] [2]}
• Bishop of Bangor – James Colquhoun Campbell^{[17] [18]}
  • Bishop of Llandaff – Alfred Ollivant Bishop of St Asaph – Thomas Vowler Short^{[19] [20]}
• Bishop of St Davids – Connop Thirlwall^{[21] [22]}

Events

• January
  • Henry Austin Bruce becomes MP for Renfrewshire.
  • Timothy Richards Lewis goes to India to study cholera.
• 1 May – The Western Mail is published for the first time.^[23]
• 19 May – Two days after John Young, the English manager of the Leeswood Green colliery, announces a pay cut, he is attacked by some of his workers.^[24]
• 2 June – Seven men are tried at Mold for attacking John Young. A riot breaks out as those convicted are being transported to the railway station; soldiers fire on the crowd, killing four people.^[25]
• 10 June
  • 53 men and boys are killed in the second underground explosion within two years at Ferndale Colliery in the Rhondda.
  • Three people are killed in a train derailment at Maesycwmmer in Glamorgan.
• August – Anti-Irish riots at Pontlottyn in the Rhymney Valley result in one death.^[26]
• 1 September – The Dyserth branch line is opened for goods traffic.
• 30 October – The first edition of the Welsh-language periodical Y Goleuad is published.^[27]
• unknown date
  • Landore steelworks at Swansea established by Carl Wilhelm Siemens.^[28]
  • John Hughes of Merthyr Tydfil buys land near the Sea of Azov, where he develops an ironworks and founds the city of Yuzovka (later Donetsk).
  • Joseph Leycester Lyne (Father Ignatius of Jesus) acquires land at Capel-y-ffin and begins construction of an Anglican Benedictine community, Llanthony Abbey.^[29]
  • Construction of the fort at St Catherine's Island, off Tenby.
  • Prehistoric burial remains are discovered at Parc le Breos on the Gower Peninsula.
  • John Owen of Tyn-llwyn is evicted from his farm for voting Tory.

Arts and literature

Awards

• The first official National Eisteddfod of Wales takes place at Holywell.

New books

• J. H. Clark – History of Monmouthshire
• John Hugh Evans –
• Jane Hughes –
  • • David Watkin Jones Nathaniel Jones John Petherick – Travels in Central Africa and Explorations of the Western Nile Tributaries
• William Rowlands – (Bibliography of the Welsh) (posthumous; ed. Daniel Silvan Evans)
• Jane Williams (Ysgafell) – A History of Wales derived from Authentic Sources^[30]
• Robert Williams (Trebor Mai) –

Music

• Owen Jones – (collection of hymns)

Sport

• Football – Ruabon footballers set up a club at Plas Madoc.
• Mountaineering – Emmeline Lewis Lloyd attempts an ascent of the Matterhorn.

Births

• 11 January – Ralph Sweet-Escott, English born, Wales rugby international (died 1907)
• 9 April – John Hugh Edwards, politician (died 1945)^[31]
• 19 May – John Henry Williams, Welsh politician (died 1936)
• 20 May – Robert Griffith Berry, minister and writer (died 1945)
• 12 August – Fred Parfitt, Wales international rugby player (died 1953)
• 6 September – Walford Davies, composer (died 1944)^[32]
• 24 September – Maud Cunnington, archaeologist (died 1951)
• 29 October – Bill Morris, Wales international rugby player (died 1946)
• 15 November – Percy Bennett, Wales international rugby player (died 1936)
• 20 November – Herbert Tudor Buckland, architect working in Birmingham (died 1951)

Deaths

• 23 March – William Williams (Caledfryn), poet, 68
• 31 March – David Rees (Y Cynhyrfwr), Nonconformist leader and author, 67^[33]
• 16 April – James Davies (Iago ap Dewi), poet, 68
• 1 July – David Jones, banker and politician, 58
• 14 July – Lloyd Kenyon, 3rd Baron Kenyon, 64
• 26 August – William Williams (Creuddynfab), 55^[34]
• October – John Jones (Talhaiarn), poet, 59 (suicide)^[35]
• 7 October – George Rice-Trevor, 4th Baron Dynevor, politician, 74^[36]
• 9 November – Harriet Windsor-Clive, 13th Baroness Windsor, philanthropist,^[37]
• 15 December – David Williams, politician, 70
• 17 December – Sarah Jacob, "the fasting girl", 12

See also

• 1869 in Ireland

Notes and References

1. Book: Edward Breese. Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. 1873. 24.
2. Book: J.C. Sainty . John Sainty (civil servant) . List of Lieutenants of Counties of England and Wales 1660-1974 . Swift Printers (Sales) Ltd . London . 1979.
3. Book: Nicholas, Thomas . Annals and antiquities of the counties and county families of Wales . Genealogical Pub. Co . Baltimore . 1991 . 9780806313146 . 695.
4. Book: Cylchgrawn Hanes Cymru. University of Wales Press. 1992. 169.
5. Web site: Morgan, Charles Morgan Robinson (1792–1875), of Ruperra, Glam. and Tredegar, Mon.. History of Parliament Online. 3 July 2013.
6. Book: Edwin Poole. The Illustrated History and Biography of Brecknockshire from the Earliest Times to the Present Day: Containing the General History, Antiquities, Sepulchral Monuments and Inscriptions. Edwin Poole. 1886. 378.
7. Book: Edward Breese. Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. 1873. 26.
8. News: Death of Colonel Pryse. 27 February 2018. Cambrian News. 1 June 1888. 4.
9. Web site: Myddelton Biddulph, Robert (1805-1872), of Chirk Castle, Denb. and 35 Grosvenor Place, Mdx.. History of Parliament Online. 3 December 2021.
10. Web site: Glynne, Sir Stephen Richard, 9th bt. (1807-1874), of Hawarden Castle, Flint.. 3 December 2021.
11. Campbell. Thomas Methuen. C.R.M. Talbot 1803–1890. Morgannwg. 2000. 44. 66–104. 17 May 2014.
12. Book: Edward Breese. Kalendars of Gwynedd; or, Chronological lists of lords-lieutenant [&c.] ... for the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, and Merioneth. 1873. 29.
13. Book: James Henry Clark. History of Monmouthshire. County Observer. 1869. 375.
14. Book: Amy Audrey Locke. The Hanbury Family. Arthur L. Humphreys. 1916. 170.
15. Book: Smith, Jenny . Portraits for a King : the British military paintings of A-J Dubois Drahonet (1791-1834 . National Army Museum . London . 1990 . 9780901721211 . 15.
16. Walsh, John Benn. 59.
17. Book: Fryde, E. B. . Handbook of British chronology . New York Cambridge University Press . Cambridge England . 1996 . 9780521563505 . 292.
18. Book: Thomas Duffus Hardy. Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae: Or A Calendar of the Principal Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in England and Wales.... University Press. 1854. 266.
19. s-SHOR-VOW-1790. Short, Thomas Vowler (1790-1872), bishop of St Asaph. William Thomas Havard. 1959. 3 December 2021.
20. Book: The Apostolical Succession in the Church of England. James Parkes and Company. 1866. 15.
21. Book: Thomas Duffus Hardy. Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae: Or A Calendar of the Principal Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in England and Wales.... University Press. 1854. 307.
22. Book: Annual Report Presented by the Council to the Court of Governors. National Library of Wales. 1962. 59.
23. http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/first-ever-western-mail-edition-1897135 Wales Online, "First ever Western Mail edition: May 1, 1869"
24. Book: Radford, Ken . Tales of North Wales . Skilton & Shaw . Edinburgh . 1982 . 9780284986146 . 37.
25. News: The Riot in Wales. The Times. London. 1869-06-04. 12. 26455.
26. Book: Leary, Paul . Irish migrants in modern Wales . Liverpool University Press . Liverpool . 2004 . 9780853238485 . 105.
27. Book: Ifano Jones. A History of Printing and Printers in Wales to 1810, and of Successive and Related Printers to 1923: Also, A History of Printing and Printers in Monmouthshire to 1923. W. Lewis (printers) Limited. 1925. 180.
28. Book: The Welsh Academy Encyclopedia of Wales. Cardiff. University of Wales Press. 2008.
29. Book: Barton, John . Off the beaten track . Mooreland Pub. Globe Pequot Press . Ashbourne, Derbyshire, England Old Saybrook, Conn . 1994 . 9781564402943 . 123.
30. Book: Roberts, Gwyneth . Jane Williams (Ysgafell . University of Wales Press . Cardiff . 2020 . 9781786835642 . 152.
31. s2-EDWA-HUG-1869. Edwards, John Hugh (1869-1945). 2001. William Llewelyn. Davies. William Llewelyn Davies.
32. s2-DAVI-WAL-1869. Davies, Sir Henry Walford (1869-1941), musician. John Charles McLean. 2001. 4 December 2021.
33. s-REES-DAV-1801. Rees, David (1801-1869), Congregational minister, and editor. John Dyfnallt Owen. 1959. 4 December 2021.
34. s1-WILL-WIL-1814. Williams, William (Creuddynfab; 1814-1869), poet and literary critic. Margaret Beatrice Davies. 1959. 4 December 2021.
35. s-JONE-JOH-1810. Jones, John (Talhaiarn; 1810-1869), architect and poet. David Gwenallt Jones. 1959. 4 December 2021.
36. News: The Death of Lord Dynevor (editorial). 12 April 2015. Welshman. 15 October 1869. 5.
37. "Death of the Baroness Windsor", The Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian, 13 November 1869, p.5