| Election Name: | 1868 Missouri gubernatorial election |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1864 Missouri gubernatorial election |
| Previous Year: | 1864 |
| Next Election: | 1870 Missouri gubernatorial election |
| Next Year: | 1870 |
| Election Date: | November 3, 1868 |
| Nominee1: | Joseph W. McClurg |
| Party1: | Republican Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 82,090 |
| Percentage1: | 56.67% |
| Nominee2: | John S. Phelps |
| Party2: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote2: | 62,778 |
| Percentage2: | 43.33% |
| Map Size: | 270px |
| Governor | |
| Before Election: | Thomas Clement Fletcher |
| Before Party: | Republican Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Joseph W. McClurg |
| After Party: | Republican Party (United States) |
The 1868 Missouri gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1868, and resulted in a victory for the Republican nominee, Congressman Joseph W. McClurg, over Democratic nominee former Congressman John S. Phelps.
This was the first election a governor was elected to a 2-year term, instead of 4 years. Missouri would return to electing its governors to 4-year terms in 1880.