1863 in architecture explained

The year 1863 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

Events

• January 10 – The Metropolitan Railway, London, England, is opened, the world's first underground railway (engineer: John Fowler).^[1]
• December 2 – The Statue of Freedom is set on top of the new dome of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.^[2]
• date unknown
  • The École des Beaux-Arts in Paris becomes independent of the Académie des Beaux-Arts.
  • William Burges is declared winner of the competition to design the new Saint Fin Barre's Cathedral, Cork (Church of Ireland), his first major commission.^[3]

Buildings and structures

Buildings opened

• March 2 – Clapham Junction railway station, London.
• October 18 – Befreiungshalle memorial above Kelheim in Bavaria, designed by Friedrich von Gärtner and completed by Leo von Klenze, is inaugurated.
• October 27 – Leeuwarden railway station in the Netherlands, designed by Charles van Brederode.
• December 13 – Gulen Church, Eivindvik, Norway, designed by Georg Andreas Bull,^[4] consecrated by Dean Thomas Erichsen.

Buildings completed

• Berns Salonger, Stockholm, Sweden.
• Smíchov Synagogue, Prague, Czech Republic.^[5]
• Kelham Hall near Newark-on-Trent, England, designed by George Gilbert Scott.

Awards

• RIBA Royal Gold Medal – Anthony Salvin.
• Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: .

Births

• April 3 – Henry van de Velde, Belgian painter, architect and interior designer (died 1957)^[6]
• May 17 – C. R. Ashbee, English interior designer (died 1942)
• October 21 – Sir George Troup, New Zealand architect, engineer and statesman (died 1941)
• December 16 – Ralph Adams Cram, American architect of academic and ecclesiastical buildings (died 1942)
• W. G. R. Sprague, Australian-born British theatre architect (died 1933)

Deaths

• June 16 – Ludwig Förster, Austrian religious architect (died 1797)
• September 17 – Charles Robert Cockerell, English architect, archaeologist and writer (born 1788)^[7]
• October 9 – Andrew Egan, Irish architect and builder (born c.1810)^[8]
• October 28 – William Cubitt, English building and civil engineering contractor and politician (born 1791)
• December 29 – Joseph John Scoles, English Catholic architect (born 1798)^[9]

Notes and References

1. Book: 1863. The People's Chronology. Everett, Jason M.. Thomson Gale. 2006.
2. Gale, Robert L. Thomas Crawford: American Sculptor, University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, 1964, p. 190
3. Book: David. Lawrence. Ann. Wilson. The Cathedral of St Fin Barre at Cork: William Burges in Ireland. 2006. Dublin. Four Courts Press. 978-1-84682-023-6. 19.
4. Web site: Gulen kyrkje. Kirkesøk: Kirkebyggdatabasen. 2014-01-09.
5. Web site: Smichov's historical holdout (June 19, 2003). Prague Post. 2011-09-11.
6. Book: Berko, P.. Berko, V.. 1981. Dictionary of Belgian painters born between 1750 & 1875. Knokke. 684–85.
7. Book: Watkin, David. The Life and Work of C. R. Cockerell. 1974. Zwemmer. 0-302-02571-5.
8. The Mark of a Man: The Life of Andrew Egan, Builder and Architect of Tuam. Deirdre. Goggin. 39–62. Journal of the Old Tuam Society. 1. 2004.
9. Book: Brodie . Antonia . Library . British Architectural . Architects . Royal Institute of British . Directory of British Architects, 1834-1914: Vol. 2 (L-Z) . 2001 . A&C Black . 9780826455147 . 553 . en.