| Election Name: | 1862 South Australian colonial election |
| Country: | South Australia |
| Flag Image: | Flag of the United Kingdom.svg |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1860 South Australian colonial election |
| Previous Year: | 1860 |
| Next Election: | 1865 South Australian colonial election |
| Next Year: | 1865 |
| Seats For Election: | All seats in the South Australian House of Assembly |
| Election Date: | 10−28 November 1862 |
Colonial elections were held in South Australia from 10 November to 28 November 1862.[1] All 36 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly were up for election.
This election was called after only two years, and followed increased instability in government. In 1861, the Colony saw five different governments: Richard Hanson was replaced by Thomas Reynolds, who re-shuffled his personnel, only to be replaced by George Waterhouse, who also carried out a re-shuffle. The instability convinced the Governor that the best solution was an early election.
There were nine by-elections in the inter-election period.
There was a redistribution carried out for this election. The basis of representation was changed to 18 electorates of two members each, with no increase in the total membership of the Assembly.
Since the inaugural 1857 election, no parties or solid groupings had been formed, which resulted in frequent changes of the Premier. If for any reason the incumbent Premier of South Australia lost sufficient support through a successful motion of no confidence at any time on the floor of the house, he would tender his resignation to the Governor of South Australia, which would result in another member deemed to have the support of the House of Assembly being sworn in by the Governor as the next Premier.
Informal groupings began and increased government stability occurred from the 1887 election. The United Labor Party would be formed in 1891, while the National Defence League would be formed later in the same year.