| Election Name: | 1856 United States House of Representatives election in Florida |
| Country: | Florida |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | United States House of Representatives election in Florida, 1854 |
| Previous Year: | 1854 |
| Next Election: | United States House of Representatives election in Florida, 1858 |
| Next Year: | 1858 |
| Election Date: | October 6, 1856 |
| Nominee1: | George Sydney Hawkins |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 6,392 |
| Percentage1: | 53.08% |
| Nominee2: | James McNair Baker |
| Party2: | Know Nothing |
| Popular Vote2: | 5,650 |
| Percentage2: | 46.92% |
| Map Size: | 300px |
| Representative | |
| Before Election: | Augustus Maxwell |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | George Sydney Hawkins |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Flag Image: | Flag_of_the_United_States_(1851–1858).svg |
The 1856 United States House of Representatives election in Florida was held on Monday, October 6, 1856 to elect the single United States Representative from the state of Florida, one from the state's single at-large congressional district, to represent Florida in the 35th Congress. The election coincided with the elections of other offices, including the presidential election, the senatorial election, the gubernatorial election, and various state and local elections.[1]
The winning candidate would serve a two-year term in the United States House of Representatives from March 4, 1857, to March 4, 1859.
Florida's single seat in the House of Representatives had been held by the Democrats since 1852. In the 1854 election, the Democratic Party made key gains in the former Whig strongholds of Pensacola and Jacksonville. By 1856, the Whig Party had collapsed, and they were replaced in the South by the Know Nothing Party, also known as the American Party, which was serving as a successor to the prior Anti-Masonic Party.
Baker campaigned heavily alongside the Know Nothing candidates for president and governor, former President Millard Fillmore and former Tallahassee Mayor David S. Walker, respectively.[5] However, Baker fell severely ill during the election and was not able to campaign properly for the last few months, instead relying on Walker to campaign for him. This put Baker, a political unknown, at a severe disadvantage to Hawkins, who was a popular judge throughout the state.[6]
| County[7] | George Sydney Hawkins Democratic | James McNair Baker Know Nothing | Total votes | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | % | ||||||||||
| align="center" | Alachua | 337 | 63.83% | 191 | 36.17% | 528 | |||||
| align="center" | Brevard | 10 | 66.67% | 5 | 33.33% | 15 | |||||
| align="center" | Calhoun | 112 | 62.57% | 67 | 37.43% | 179 | |||||
| align="center" | Columbia | 419 | 45.05% | 511 | 54.95% | 930 | |||||
| align="center" | Dade | align="center" | 0 | align="center" | 0% | align="center" | 0 | align="center" | 0% | align="center" | 0 |
| align="center" | Duval | 268 | 35.26% | 492 | 64.74% | 760 | |||||
| align="center" | Escambia | 260 | 52.42% | 236 | 47.58% | 496 | |||||
| align="center" | Franklin | 178 | 67.17% | 87 | 32.83% | 265 | |||||
| align="center" | Gadsden | 385 | 49.23% | 397 | 50.77% | 782 | |||||
| align="center" | Hamilton | 195 | 48.03% | 211 | 51.97% | 406 | |||||
| align="center" | Hernando | 122 | 58.65% | 86 | 41.35% | 208 | |||||
| align="center" | Hillsborough | 316 | 67.09% | 155 | 32.91% | 471 | |||||
| align="center" | Holmes | 44 | 29.93% | 103 | 70.07% | 147 | |||||
| align="center" | Jackson | 414 | 47.48% | 458 | 52.52% | 872 | |||||
| align="center" | Jefferson | 374 | 71.37% | 150 | 28.63% | 524 | |||||
| align="center" | Leon | 438 | 56.88% | 332 | 43.12% | 770 | |||||
| align="center" | Levy | 57 | 44.53% | 71 | 55.47% | 128 | |||||
| align="center" | Liberty | 97 | 56.73% | 74 | 43.27% | 171 | |||||
| align="center" | Madison | 469 | 48.91% | 490 | 51.09% | 959 | |||||
| align="center" | Manatee | 24 | 42.11% | 33 | 57.89% | 57 | |||||
| align="center" | Marion | 361 | 58.13% | 260 | 41.87% | 621 | |||||
| align="center" | Monroe | 235 | 80.20% | 58 | 19.80% | 293 | |||||
| align="center" | Nassau | 106 | 53.54% | 92 | 46.46% | 198 | |||||
| align="center" | Orange | 51 | 52.58% | 46 | 47.42% | 97 | |||||
| align="center" | Putnam | 117 | 50.87% | 113 | 49.13% | 230 | |||||
| align="center" | Santa Rosa | 206 | 40.71% | 300 | 59.29% | 506 | |||||
| align="center" | St. Johns | 195 | 74.43% | 67 | 25.57% | 262 | |||||
| align="center" | Sumter | 93 | 58.13% | 67 | 41.88% | 160 | |||||
| align="center" | Volusia | 26 | 38.24% | 42 | 61.76% | 68 | |||||
| align="center" | Wakulla | 155 | 45.72% | 184 | 54.28% | 339 | |||||
| align="center" | Walton | 177 | 51.60% | 166 | 48.40% | 343 | |||||
| align="center" | Washington | 151 | 53.08% | 106 | 46.92% | 257 | |||||
| Totals | 6,392 | 53.08% | 5,650 | 46.92% | 12,042 | ||||||