| Election Name: | 1854 United States House of Representatives election in Florida |
| Country: | Florida |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | United States House of Representatives election in Florida, 1852 |
| Previous Year: | 1852 |
| Next Election: | 1856 United States House of Representatives election in Florida |
| Next Year: | 1856 |
| Election Date: | October 2, 1854 |
| Nominee1: | Augustus Maxwell |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 5,638 |
| Percentage1: | 55.26% |
| Nominee2: | Thomas Brown |
| Party2: | Whig Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote2: | 4,564 |
| Percentage2: | 44.74% |
| Representative | |
| Before Election: | Augustus Maxwell |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Augustus Maxwell |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Flag Image: | Flag_of_the_United_States_(1851–1858).svg |
The 1854 United States House of Representatives election in Florida was held on Monday, October 2, 1854 to elect the single United States Representative from the state of Florida, one from the state's single at-large congressional district, to represent Florida in the 34th Congress. The election coincided with the elections of other offices, including the senatorial election and various state and local elections.[1]
The winning candidate would serve a two-year term in the United States House of Representatives from March 4, 1855, to March 4, 1857.
Despite Brown leaving office as a popular governor, the national Whig Party had all but collapsed by this election. Additionally, many Southerners who were formerly sympathetic to the Whigs now aligned fully with the Democratic Party, due to the perception that the Whigs were willing to compromise with abolitionist Northerners. To take advantage of this, Maxwell actively campaigned in Pensacola, a former Whig stronghold, as well as running up his margins in deeply conservative North Central Florida, particularly in Columbia and Jefferson counties, both of which had high enslaved populations.[2] [3]
| County[4] | Augustus Maxwell Democratic | Thomas Brown Whig | Total votes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | % | |||||
| align="center" | Alachua | 262 | 61.79% | 162 | 38.21% | 424 |
| align="center" | Calhoun | 87 | 50.88% | 84 | 49.12% | 171 |
| align="center" | Columbia | 529 | 61.37% | 333 | 38.63% | 862 |
| align="center" | Duval | 406 | 49.39% | 416 | 50.61% | 822 |
| align="center" | Escambia | 179 | 50.28% | 177 | 49.72% | 356 |
| align="center" | Franklin | 132 | 52.38% | 120 | 47.62% | 252 |
| align="center" | Gadsden | 388 | 47.37% | 431 | 52.63% | 819 |
| align="center" | Hamilton | 133 | 49.44% | 136 | 50.56% | 269 |
| align="center" | Hernando | 124 | 63.92% | 70 | 36.08% | 194 |
| align="center" | Hillsborough | 223 | 65.20% | 119 | 34.80% | 342 |
| align="center" | Holmes | 66 | 46.15% | 77 | 53.85% | 143 |
| align="center" | Jackson | 357 | 46.30% | 414 | 53.70% | 771 |
| align="center" | Jefferson | 364 | 74.90% | 122 | 25.10% | 486 |
| align="center" | Leon | 424 | 55.86% | 335 | 44.14% | 759 |
| align="center" | Levy | 59 | 55.14% | 48 | 44.86% | 107 |
| align="center" | Madison | 437 | 55.60% | 349 | 44.40% | 786 |
| align="center" | Marion | 256 | 56.64% | 196 | 43.36% | 452 |
| align="center" | Monroe | 151 | 66.81% | 75 | 33.19% | 226 |
| align="center" | Nassau | 60 | 46.15% | 70 | 53.85% | 130 |
| align="center" | Orange | 18 | 22.50% | 62 | 77.50% | 80 |
| align="center" | Putnam | 123 | 70.29% | 52 | 29.71% | 175 |
| align="center" | Santa Rosa | 188 | 47.84% | 205 | 52.16% | 393 |
| align="center" | St. Johns | 137 | 57.08% | 103 | 42.92% | 240 |
| align="center" | St. Lucie | 12 | 100% | 0 | 0% | 12 |
| align="center" | Sumter | 78 | 61.90% | 48 | 38.10% | 126 |
| align="center" | Wakulla | 169 | 55.78% | 134 | 44.22% | 303 |
| align="center" | Walton | 132 | 43.56% | 171 | 56.44% | 303 |
| align="center" | Washington | 144 | 72.36% | 55 | 27.64% | 199 |
| Totals | 5,638 | 55.26% | 4,564 | 44.74% | 10,202 | |