1825 in the United States explained

The following are events from the year 1825 in the United States.

Incumbents

• President:

James Monroe (DR-Virginia) (until March 4)

John Quincy Adams (DR/NR-Massachusetts) (starting March 4)

• Vice President:

Daniel D. Tompkins (DR-New York) (until March 4)

John C. Calhoun (D-South Carolina) (starting March 4)

• Chief Justice: John Marshall (Virginia)
• Speaker of the House of Representatives:

Henry Clay (DR-Kentucky) (until March 4)

John W. Taylor (DR-New York) (starting December 5)

• Congress: 18th (until March 4), 19th (starting March 4)

Events

January–March

• January 10  - Indianapolis becomes the capital of Indiana (moved from Corydon, Indiana).
• February 9  - After no presidential candidate receives a majority of U.S. Electoral College votes, the United States House of Representatives elects John Quincy Adams as President of the United States in a contingent election.
• February 12  - Treaty of Indian Springs: The Lower Creek Council, led by William McIntosh, cedes a large amount of Creek territory in Georgia to the United States government.
• March 4  - John Quincy Adams is sworn in as the sixth president of the United States, and John C. Calhoun is sworn in as the seventh vice president.
• March 17  - The Norfolk & Dedham Group is founded as The Norfolk Mutual Fire Insurance Company.

April–June

• April 30  - Upper Creek chief Menawa leads an attack that assassinates William McIntosh for signing the Treaty of Indian Springs.
• May 11  - American Tract Society is founded.
• June 3  - Kansa Nation cedes its territory to the United States (see History of Kansas).
• June 11  - The first cornerstone is laid for Fort Hamilton in New York City.

July–September

• July 14  - The Jefferson Literary and Debating Society is founded by 16 disgruntled members of the now-defunct Patrick Henry Society in Room 7, West Lawn, of the University of Virginia.
• August 19  - First Treaty of Prairie du Chien at Fort Crawford, Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin

October–December

• October 25  - The Erie Canal opens, granting passage from Albany, New York to Lake Erie.
• November 7  - Treaty of St. Louis: 1,400 Missouri Shawnees are forcibly relocated from Missouri to Kansas. (See History of Kansas)
• November 12  - New Echota designated capital of the Cherokee Nation.
• November 26  - At Union College in Schenectady, New York a group of college students form Kappa Alpha Society as the first college social fraternity (it is the first to combine aspects of secret Greek-letter societies, literary societies and formalized student social groups).

Undated

• The Osage Nation cedes traditional lands by treaty.
• The Cherokee Nation officially adopts Sequoyah's syllabary.
• Vancouver, Washington is established by Dr. John McLoughlin on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company.
• Ypsilanti, Michigan is established.
• Vicksburg, Mississippi is incorporated.
• New Harmony, Indiana established as a social experiment, built by the Harmony Society and sold to Robert Owen.
• The United States Postal Service starts a dead letter office.
• Centenary College of Louisiana is founded in Jackson, Louisiana. The campus later moves to Shreveport, Louisiana.

Ongoing

• Era of Good Feelings (1817–1825)
• John Neal publishing serially the first written history of American literature (1824–1825)^[1]

Births

• January 5  - John Mason Loomis, lumber tycoon, Union militia colonel in the American Civil War and philanthropist (died 1900)
• January 11
  • Clement V. Rogers, Cherokee politician and father of Will Rogers (died 1911)
  • Bayard Taylor, poet and travel writer (died 1878)
• January 25  - George Pickett, Confederate general in the American Civil War (died 1876)
• February 11  - Frank Pidgeon, baseball pitcher (died 1884)
• April 7  - John H. Gear, U.S. Senator from Iowa from 1895 to 1900 (died 1900)
• April 17  - Jerome B. Chaffee, U.S. Senator from Colorado from 1876 to 1879 (died 1886)
• June 1  - John Hunt Morgan, Confederate general in the American Civil War (died 1864)
• July 2  - Richard Henry Stoddard, critic and poet (died 1903)
• July 10  - Benjamin Paul Akers, sculptor (died 1861)
• July 15  - Joseph Carter Abbott, U.S. Senator from North Carolina from 1868 to 1871 (died 1881)
• July 19  - George H. Pendleton, politician (died 1889)
• August 7  - Jacob Wrey Mould, New York architect, illustrator, linguist and musician (died 1886)^[2]
• August 10  - Edmund Spangler, carpenter and stagehand employed at Ford's Theatre at the time of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln (died 1875)
• September 13  - William Henry Rinehart, sculptor (died 1874)
• September 17  - Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II, politician and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (died 1893)
• September 24  - Frances Harper, née Watkins, African American poet and abolitionist (died 1911)
• October 8  - Paschal Beverly Randolph, occultist (died 1875)
• November 9  - A. P. Hill, Confederate general (killed 1865 in the American Civil War)
• December 18  - John S. Harris, U.S. Senator from Louisiana from 1868 to 1871 (died 1906)
• December 30
  • Newton Booth, U.S. Senator from California from 1875 to 1881 (died 1892)
  • Samuel Newitt Wood, politician (died 1891)

Deaths

• January 8  - Eli Whitney, inventor of the cotton gin and milling machine (born 1765)
• March 1  - John Haggin, "Indian fighter" and early settler of Kentucky (born 0420)
• March 4  - Hercules Mulligan, tailor and spy during the American Revolutionary War (born 1740)
• March 4  - Raphaelle Peale, still-life painter (born 1774)
• June 1  - Daniel Tompkins, sixth vice president of the United States from 1817 to 1825 (born 1774)
• June 4  - Morris Birkbeck, writer and social reformer (born 1764)
• June 14  - Pierre Charles L'Enfant, architect and civil engineer (born 1754 in France)
• August 16  - Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, politician and soldier (born 1746)
• August 27  - Lucretia Maria Davidson, poet (born 1808; died of consumption)
• December 28  - James Wilkinson, soldier and statesman (born 1757)

See also

• Timeline of United States history (1820–1859)

Notes and References

1. Book: Pattee, Fred Lewis . Pattee . Fred Lewis . Preface . v . American Writers: A Series of Papers Contributed to Blackwood's Magazine (1824-1825) . Duke University Press . Durham, North Carolina . 1937 . 464953146.
2. Book: MacKay. Robert B.. Anthony K.. Baker. Carol A.. Traynor. Long Island country houses and their architects, 1860-1940. Norton. 1997. 188. 978-0-393-03856-9.