| Election Name: | 1818–19 United States Senate elections |
| Country: | United States |
| Flag Year: | 1818 |
| Type: | legislative |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1816–17 United States Senate elections |
| Next Election: | 1820–21 United States Senate elections |
| Seats For Election: | 14 of the 42 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) |
| Majority Seats: | 22 |
| Election Date: | Dates vary by state |
| 1Blank: | Seats up |
| Party1: | Democratic-Republican Party |
| Last Election1: | 25 seats |
| Seats Before1: | 28 |
| Seats1: | 14 |
| Seats After1: | 30 |
| Seat Change1: | 3 |
| 1Data1: | 11 |
| Party2: | Federalist Party |
| Last Election2: | 13 seats |
| Seats Before2: | 12 |
| Seats2: | 0 |
| Seats After2: | 9 |
| Seat Change2: | 3 |
| 1Data2: | 3 |
| Majority Party | |
| Before Party: | Democratic-Republican Party |
| After Party: | Democratic-Republican Party |
The 1818–19 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1818 and 1819, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.
The Democratic-Republican Party gained two seats. The Federalists had only three seats being contested, of which they lost two and the third was left vacant due to a failure to elect.
Senate party division, 16th Congress (1819–1821)
After the admission of Illinois.
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In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1818 or before March 4, 1819; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||||||
| Louisiana (Class 2) | William C. C. Claiborne | Democratic-Republican | 1817 | Incumbent died November 23, 1817. New senator elected January 12, 1818. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
| Massachusetts (Class 1) | Eli P. Ashmun | Federalist | 1816 | Incumbent resigned May 10, 1818. New senator elected June 5, 1818. Federalist hold. | nowrap | ||||
| Illinois (Class 3) | New State | New State. New senators < | --elected-->elected October 7, 1818 on the first and third ballot. Lots were drawn to assign them, respectively, to Classes 3 and 2. The Class 3 senator had to run again for re-election in 1819, see below. Two Democratic-Republican gains. | nowrap rowspan=2 | First ballot: Second ballot: Third ballot: | ||||
| Illinois (Class 2) | |||||||||
| Vermont (Class 3) | James Fisk | Democratic-Republican | 1817 | Incumbent resigned January 8, 1818 to serve as collector of customs for the district of Vermont. New senator elected October 20, 1818 to finish the term. Winner also elected to the following term, see below. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
| Georgia (Class 2) | George M. Troup | Democratic-Republican | 1816 1816 | Incumbent resigned September 23, 1818. New senator elected November 7, 1818 on the fourth ballot. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1819 (except where noted due to late election); ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||||||
| Connecticut | David Daggett | Federalist | 1813 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected October 22, 1818 on the third ballot. Democratic-Republican gain. | nowrap | ||||
| Georgia | Charles Tait | Democratic-Republican | 1809 1813 | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election. New senator elected November 11, 1818. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
| Illinois | Ninian Edwards | Democratic-Republican | 1818 | Incumbent re-elected in early February 1819. | nowrap | ||||
| Indiana | Waller Taylor | Democratic-Republican | 1816 | Incumbent re-elected December 16, 1818. | nowrap | ||||
| Kentucky | Isham Talbot | Democratic-Republican | 1814 | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election. New senator elected December 17, 1818. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
| Louisiana | Eligius Fromentin | Democratic-Republican | 1813 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected on January 11, 1819, on the second ballot. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
| Maryland | Robert Goldsborough | Federalist | 1813 | Incumbent lost re-election. Legislature failed to elect and the seat became vacant. Federalist loss. | None. | ||||
| New Hampshire | Clement Storer | Democratic-Republican | 1817 | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election. New senator elected in 1818 on the third ballot. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
| New York | Rufus King | Federalist | 1813 | Incumbent ran for re-election. Legislature failed to elect and the seat became vacant. Federalist loss. Incumbent would later be re-elected in 1820, late in the next Congress. | nowrap | ||||
| North Carolina | Nathaniel Macon | Democratic-Republican | 1815 | Incumbent re-elected in 1818.[2] | nowrap | ||||
| Ohio | Jeremiah Morrow | Democratic-Republican | 1812 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 30, 1819 on the fourth ballot.[3] Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
| Pennsylvania | Abner Lacock | Democratic-Republican | 1812 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected December 8, 1818.[4] Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
| South Carolina | John Gaillard | Democratic-Republican | 1812 | Incumbent re-elected in 1818.[5] | nowrap | ||||
| Vermont | James Fisk | Democratic-Republican | 1817 | Incumbent resigned January 8, 1818 to serve as collector of customs for the district of Vermont. New senator elected October 20, 1818. Winner also elected to finish the term, see above. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | ||||
In these special elections, the winners were seated in 1819 after March 4; ordered by election date. The new Congress was seated December 6, 1819, so some of these late-elected senators were seated after that.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | ||||||
| Tennessee (Class 1) | John H. Eaton | Democratic-Republican | 1818 | Interim appointee elected October 9, 1819. | nowrap | |||
| Georgia (Class 2) | John Forsyth | Democratic-Republican | 1818 | Incumbent resigned February 17, 1819 to become U.S. Minister to Spain. New senator elected November 6, 1819. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | |||
| Kentucky (Class 2) | John Crittenden | Democratic-Republican | 1816 | Incumbent resigned March 3, 1819 to return to private practice. New senator elected December 10, 1819. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | |||
| Virginia (Class 2) | John Eppes | Democratic-Republican | 1816 | Incumbent resigned December 4, 1819 because of ill health. New senator elected December 10, 1819. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | |||
| Alabama (Class 2) | New State | New State. New senator elected December 14, 1819. Democratic-Republican gain. | nowrap | |||||
| Alabama (Class 3) | New State | New State. New senator elected December 14, 1819. Democratic-Republican gain. | nowrap | |||||
| Maryland (Class 3) | Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect, see above. New senator elected late December 14, 1819 and qualified December 21, 1819. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||||||
| Maryland (Class 1) | Alexander Hanson | Federalist | 1816 | Incumbent died April 23, 1819. New senator elected December 14, 1819 and qualified December 21, 1819. Democratic-Republican gain. | ||||
See also: List of United States senators from Alabama.
See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut.
See also: List of United States senators from Georgia.
See also: List of United States senators from Illinois.
See also: List of United States senators from Indiana.
See also: List of United States senators from Louisiana.
See also: List of United States senators from Louisiana.
See also: List of United States senators from Maryland.
See main article: 1819 United States Senate special election in Maryland.
See main article: 1819 United States Senate elections in Maryland.
| Election Name: | 1819 United States Senate elections in Maryland |
| Popular Vote1: | 49 |
| Colour1: | AACC99 |
| Percentage1: | 27.84% |
| Party1: | Democratic-Republican |
| Candidate1: | William Pinkney |
| Image1: | William Pinkney (NYPL Hades-256737-EM15101) (cropped).jpg |
| Popular Vote2: | 50 |
| Colour2: | AACC99 |
| Percentage2: | 28.41% |
| Party2: | Democratic-Republican |
| Candidate2: | Edward Lloyd |
| Next Year: | 1821 |
| Next Election: | 1821 United States Senate election in Maryland |
| Previous Year: | 1816 |
| Previous Election: | 1816 United States Senate special elections in Maryland |
| Votes For Election: | 80 members of the Maryland General Assembly |
| Vote Type: | Legislative |
| Election Date: | December 14, 1819 |
| Type: | presidential |
Due to both the Class 3 seat falling vacant at the normal end of the term and the Class 1 seat falling vacant due to the death of Alexander Contee Hanson, the legislature voted for both seats simultaneously. Edward Lloyd received the most votes and won the Class 3 seat. William Pinkney received the second-most votes and won the Class 1 seat.[6]
See also: List of United States senators from Massachusetts.
See also: List of United States senators from New Hampshire.
See main article: 1819–1820 United States Senate election in New York.
See also: List of United States senators from New York.
See also: List of United States senators from North Carolina.
See also: List of United States senators from Ohio.
See also: List of United States senators from Pennsylvania.
See also: List of United States senators from South Carolina.
See also: List of United States senators from Tennessee.
See also: List of United States senators from Vermont.
See also: List of United States senators from Vermont.
See also: List of United States senators from Virginia.