1806 in the United Kingdom explained

Events from the year 1806 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

• Monarch – George III
• Prime Minister – William Pitt the Younger (Tory) (until 23 January); William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville (Coalition) (starting 11 February)
• Foreign Secretary – Henry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave (until 7 February) Charles James Fox (from 7 February) Charles Grey, Viscount Howick (from 24 September)

Events

• 5 January – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall of Greenwich Hospital, London.
• 8 January – Battle of Blaauwberg: British infantry force troops of the Batavian Republic in the Dutch Cape Colony to withdraw.
• 9 January
  • The Dutch commandant of Cape Town surrenders to British forces. On 10 January, formal capitulation is signed under the Treaty Tree in Papendorp (modern-day Woodstock).
  • Lord Nelson is given a state funeral and interment at St Paul's Cathedral in London, attended by the Prince of Wales.^[1]
• 18 January – The Dutch Cape Colony capitulates to British forces, the origin of its status as a colony within the British Empire.
• 23 January – William Pitt the Younger dies aged 46 at Bowling Green House on Putney Heath of a gastrointestinal tract complaint and is succeeded as wartime Prime Minister by his cousin Lord Grenville.
• 6 February – Battle of San Domingo: The British Royal Navy gains a victory over the French off Santo Domingo.
• 11 February – Ministry of All the Talents formed by Grenville.
• 20 March – Construction begins of Dartmoor Prison, to house prisoners of war.^[2]
• 8 April – Proceedings for the impeachment of Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville (on the initiative of Samuel Whitbread) for the misappropriation of public money at the Admiralty begin; he will be acquitted in the last impeachment trial ever held in the House of Lords.
• 4 July – Battle of Maida in Calabria: British forces defeat the French.
• 7 July – Start of the first Gentlemen v Players cricket match (discontinued in 1963).^{[3] [4]}
• 10 July – Vellore Mutiny, the first instance of a mutiny by the Indian sepoys against the British East India Company.
• 23 July – British invasions of the River Plate: A British expeditionary force of 1,700 men lands on the left bank of the Río de la Plata and invades Buenos Aires.
• 18 August – English seal hunter Abraham Bristow discovers the Auckland Islands.^{[5] [6]}
• 7 October – Carbon paper patented by Ralph Wedgwood.^[2]
• 20 October – is wrecked in the Strait of Sicily with the loss of 347 of the 488 onboard.
• 29 October to 17 December – a General election sees Grenville continue as Prime Minister.
• November – Napoleon declares a Continental Blockade against Britain.

Undated

• Supposedly secret 'Delicate Investigation' by senior statesmen into the life of Caroline of Brunswick, the Prince of Wales's estranged wife, finds "no foundation" for allegations against her morals.^[7]
• Annual British iron production reaches 260,000 tons.

Ongoing

• Anglo-Spanish War, 1796–1808
• Napoleonic Wars, 1803–1815

Publications

• A New System of Domestic Cookery, 1st edition, "by A Lady" (Maria Eliza Rundell) published in London by John Murray.
• Rhymes for the Nursery by sisters Jane and Ann Taylor published in London, including Jane's "The Star" ("Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star").^{[8] [9] [10]}

Births

• 1 February – Jane Williams (Ysgafell), writer (died 1885)
• 6 March – Elizabeth Barrett Browning, poet (died 1861)
• 9 April – Isambard Kingdom Brunel, engineer (died 1859)
• 21 April – George Cornewall Lewis, statesman (died 1863)
• 4 May – William Fothergill Cooke, inventor (died 1879)
• 20 May – John Stuart Mill, philosopher (died 1873)
• 27 June – Augustus De Morgan, mathematician, logician (died 1871)
• 10 November – Alexander Milne, admiral (died 1896)
• 11 December – William Prowting Roberts, Chartist lawyer (died 1871)

Deaths

• c. January?? – Mungo Park, Scottish explorer (born 1771)
• 23 January – William Pitt the Younger, Prime Minister (born 1759)^[11]
• 19 February – Elizabeth Carter, writer (born 1717)
• 20 February – Lachlan McIntosh, Scottish-born American military and political leader (born 1725)
• 17 March – David Dale, Scottish philanthropist (born 1739)
• 23 March – George Pinto, composer (born 1785)
• 24 May – John Campbell, 5th Duke of Argyll, Scottish field marshal (born 1723)
• 10 July – George Stubbs, painter (born 1724)
• 13 September – Charles James Fox, statesman (born 1749)
• 22 October – Thomas Sheraton, furniture designer (born 1751)
• 23 November – Roger Newdigate, politician (born 1719)
• 29 December – Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond, politician (born 1735)

Notes and References

1. Book: Hibbert, Christopher. Christopher Hibbert. Nelson: A Personal History. 1994. 382.
2. Book: Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 0-14-102715-0. 2006.
3. Book: Palmer, Alan. Palmer . Veronica. 1992. The Chronology of British History. Century Ltd. London. 241–242. 0-7126-5616-2.
4. Web site: Gentlemen v Players in 1806 scoreboard. cricketarchive.com. 2020-02-25.
5. Book: Exploring Polar Frontiers: A Historical Encyclopedia. limited. ABC-CLIO. 2003. 978-1-57607-423-7. Mills, William J.. 39. Auckland Islands. 437171111.
6. A. G. E.. Jones. Captain Abraham Bristow and the Auckland Islands. Notes and Queries. 1970. 17. 10. 369–371. 10.1093/nq/17-10-369.
7. Plowden, Alison (2005). Caroline and Charlotte: Regency Scandals 1795–1821. Stroud: Sutton Publishing.
8. Book: Iona and Peter Opie. The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes. Oxford University Press. 1997. 0-19-860088-7. 2nd. 397–8. Iona and Peter Opie.
9. Book: Cryer, Max. Love Me Tender: the Stories Behind the World's Best-loved Songs. London. Frances Lincoln. 2009. 978-0-7112-2911-2. 83–5.
10. Web site: The Star . Representative Poetry Online . University of Toronto . 2005. dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110706222119/https://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poem/2113.html . 6 July 2011 .
11. Web site: History of William Pitt 'The Younger' - GOV.UK . www.gov.uk . 1 July 2023 . en.