1806 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania explained

Election Name:	United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania,
Country:	Pennsylvania
Type:	legislative
Ongoing:	no
Previous Election:	United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania, 1804
Previous Year:	1804
Next Election:	United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania, 1808
Next Year:	1808
Seats For Election:	All Pennsylvania seats to the United States House of Representatives
Election Date:	October 14, 1806
Party1:	Democratic-Republican
Last Election1:	17
Seats1:	15
Seat Change1:	2
Party2:	Federalist Party (United States)
Last Election2:	1
Seats2:	3
Seat Change2:	2

Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in Pennsylvania on October 14, 1806, for the 10th Congress.

Background

In the previous elections, 17 Democratic-Republicans and 1 Federalist had been elected to represent Pennsylvania. There were two subsequent special elections which did not result in any seats changing parties. One seat held by a Democratic-Republican had become vacant and was not yet filled at the time of the election.

As in the previous election, there was a breakaway faction of the Democratic-Republican Party allied with the Federalists known as the tertium quids or Constitutional Republicans, which ran candidates in several districts. Several of the elected quids aligned with the Federalists on the federal level.

Congressional districts

Pennsylvania was divided into 11 districts, of which four were plural districts with 11 Representatives between them, with the remaining 7 Representatives elected from single-member districts. The districts were:

The (3 seats) consisted of Delaware and Philadelphia counties (including the City of Philadelphia)
The (3 seats) consisted of Bucks, Luzerne, Montgomery, Northampton, and Wayne Counties
The (3 seats) consisted of Berks, Chester, and Lancaster Counties
The (2 seats) consisted of Cumberland, Dauphin, Huntingdon, and Mifflin Counties
The consisted of Centre, Clearfield, Lycoming, McKean, Northumberland, Potter, and Tioga Counties
The consisted of Adams and York Counties
The consisted of Bedford and Franklin Counties
The consisted of Armstrong, Cambria, Indiana, Jefferson, Somerset, and Westmoreland Counties
The consisted of Fayette and Greene Counties
The consisted of Washington County
The consisted of Allegheny, Beaver, Butler, Crawford, Erie, Mercer, Venango, and Warren Counties

Note: Many of these counties covered much larger areas than they do today, having since been divided into smaller counties

Election results

Fifteen incumbents (14 Democratic-Republicans and the sole Federalist) ran for re-election, of whom eleven won re-election. The incumbents Isaac Anderson (DR) and Christian Lower (DR), both of the did not run for re-election and one seat in the was vacant, the previous incumbent Michael Leib (DR) having resigned February 14, 1806. Two seats changed from Democratic-Republican to Federalist control.

Election results are unavailable for the .

**1806 United States House election results**
District	colspan="3"	Democratic-Republican	colspan="3"	Quid	colspan="3"	Federalist	Unknown
3 seats		John Porter^[1]		4,857		21.1%	John Sergeant	1,578	6.8%	William Graham	4,223	18.3%
		Jacob Richards (I)		4,770		20.7%		Joseph Hemphill	2,922	12.7%
		Joseph Clay (I)		4,700		20.4%
3 seats		Robert Brown		5,180		18.0%		William Milnor^[2]		4,824		16.8%
		John Pugh		4,761		16.6%	Frederick Conrad (I)	4,659	16.2%
	John Hahn	4,750	16.5%	William Latimore	4,589	16.0%
3 seats	John Whitehill (I)	5,666	15.5%		John Hiester		6,709		18.3%
	Roger Davis	5,545	15.2%		Matthias Richards		6,625		18.1%
	William Witman	5,539	15.1%		Robert Jenkins		6,487		17.7%
2 seats		Robert Whitehill (I)		6,024		47.7%			Oliver Pollock	225	1.8%
		David Bard (I)		5,388		42.7%
	Evers Doty	983	7.8%
		Daniel Montgomery, Jr.		3,161		57.7%	Andrew Gregg (I)	2,321	42.3%
					James Kelly (I)		2,979		100%
		John Rea (I)		1,511		52.7%	Henry Woods	503	17.6%	Andrew Dunlap	852	29.7%
	colspan=2	William Findley (I)		100%
		John Smilie (I)		1,987		100%
		William Hoge		1,203		62.0%	John Hamilton (I)	737	38.0%
		Samuel Smith		3,339		55.9%	John Wilkins	2,621	44.1%

Special election

Joseph Clay (DR) of the resigned March 18, 1808. A special election was held October 11, 1808, the same day as the 1808 general elections.

**1808 Special election results**
District	colspan="3"	Democratic-Republican	colspan="3"	Federalist
		Benjamin Say		7,598		55.7%	Charles W. Hare	6,046	44.3%

References

Electoral data and information on districts are from the Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project

Won special election to 9th Congress
Aligned with Federalists