Kentucky elected its members August 4, 1806.
| District | Incumbent | Party | First elected | Result | Candidates | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Matthew Lyon | Democratic-Republican | 1797 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | √ Matthew Lyon (Democratic-Republican) 57.9% David Walker (Democratic-Republican) 42.1% | ||||
| John Boyle | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | √ John Boyle (Democratic-Republican) | ||||
| Matthew Walton | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | √ John Rowan (Democratic-Republican) 55.8% Stephen Ormsby (Democratic-Republican) 44.2% | ||||
| Thomas Sandford | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | √ Richard M. Johnson (Democratic-Republican) 42.5% Thomas Sandford (Democratic-Republican) 30.2% James Moore 27.3% | ||||
| John Fowler | Democratic-Republican | 1797 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | √ Benjamin Howard (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed | ||||
| George M. Bedinger | Democratic-Republican | 1803 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic-Republican hold. | nowrap | √ Joseph Desha (Democratic-Republican) |