1803 in Germany explained

Events in the year 1803 in Germany

Incumbents

Holy Roman Empire

• Francis II (5 July 17926 August 1806)

Important Electors

• Baden- Charles Frederick (27 April 18036 August 1806)
• Bavaria- Maximilian I (16 February 17996 August 1806)^[1]
• Saxony- Frederick Augustus I (17 December 176320 December 1806)^[2]
• Württemberg - Frederick I (180330 October 1816)^[3]

Kingdoms

• Kingdom of Prussia
  • Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 17977 June 1840)

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
  • Frederick Francis I (24 April 17851 February 1837)
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  • Charles II (2 June 17946 November 1816)^[4]
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg
  • Wilhelm (6 July 17852 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.^[5]
  • Peter I (2 July 182321 May 1829)
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
  • Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe
  • George William (13 February 17871860)
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  • Louis Frederick II (13 April 179328 April 1807)^[6]
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  • Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 179419 August 1835)
• Principality of Lippe
  • Leopold II (5 November 18021 January 1851)^[7]
• Principality of Reuss-Greiz
  • Heinrich XIII (28 June 180029 January 1817)
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
  • Friedrich Karl August (29 August 176324 September 1812)

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
  • Leopold III (16 December 17519 August 1817)^[8]
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
  • Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
  • Francis (8 September 18009 December 1806)
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
  • Bernhard II (24 December 180320 September 1866)^[9]
• Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  • Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 177525 March 1816)^[10]

Other

• Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
  • Louis I (6 April 179014 August 1806)^[11]

Events

• 25 February – A major redistribution of territorial sovereignty within the Holy Roman Empire is enacted via an act known as the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss.
• 30 May – Following Britain's declaration of war on France, Édouard Mortier leads 12,000 troops in an Invasion of Hanover
• 5 July – The convention of Artlenburg confirms the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).

Births

January–June

• 15 February
  • John Sutter, pioneer (died 1880)^[12]
  • Karl Friedrich Schimper, botanist, naturalist and poet (died 1867)^[13]
• 26 February – Arnold Adolph Berthold, physiologist and zoologist (died 1861)^[14]
• 17 March Carl Jacob Löwig, chemist (died 1890)^[15]
• 12 May – Justus von Liebig, chemist (died 1873)^[16]

July–December

• 8 July – Julius Mosen, poet (died 1867)
• 17 July – Johann Samuel Eduard d'Alton, anatomist (died 1854)
• 19 July – Wolfgang Franz von Kobell, mineralogist and writer (died 1882)
• 5 October – Friedrich Bernhard Westphal, painter (died 1844)
• 29 November – Gottfried Semper, architect (died 1879)
• 26 September – Adrian Ludwig Richter, German painter (died 1884)
• 6 October – Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, German physicist and meteorologist (died 1879)
• 31 December – Johann Carl Fuhlrott, German paleoanthropologist (died 1877)

Deaths

January–June

• 18 February – Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, poet (born 1719)
• 14 March – Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, poet (born 1724)

July–December

• 18 December – Johann Gottfried Herder, philosopher and writer (born 1744)

Notes and References

1. 17. 921. Maximilian I., king of Bavaria.
2. Web site: General German Biography - Wikisource. 24 January 2021.
3. Book: David, Saul. Prince of pleasure : the Prince of Wales and the making of the Regency. 1998. New York : Atlantic Monthly Press. 978-0-87113-739-5. 24 January 2021.
4. Book: Huish, Robert . Public and Private Life His Late Excellent and most Gracious Majesty George The Third . T. Kelly . 1821 . 170 .
5. Web site: Oldenburg Royal Family . Monarchies of Europe . https://web.archive.org/web/20060317161934/http://www.btinternet.com/~allan_raymond/Oldenburg_Royal_Family.htm . 1 January 2021. 17 March 2006 .
6. Book: Thüringer Chronik-Verlag Müllerott. 978-3-910132-29-0. Apfelstedt. F.. Apfelstedt. Heinrich Friedrich Theodor. Das Haus Kevernburg-Schwarzburg von seinem Ursprunge bis auf unsere Zeit. 1996.
7. Book: 1850 . . 87th . . 38 .
8. J. Morley, "The Bauhaus Effect," in Social Utopias of the Twenties (Germany: Müller Bushmann press, 1995), 11.
9. Web site: Biografie Georg I (German). Meininger Museen. 8 September 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20110915152148/http://www.meiningermuseen.de/pages/schloss/personen/herzogliche-familie/georg-i.php. 15 September 2011. dead.
10. Book: Albinus, Robert. Lexikon der Stadt Königsberg Pr. und Umgebung. Verlag Gerhard Rautenberg. 1985. 3-7921-0320-6. Leer. 371. de.
11. Book: Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans. Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living . 1768. Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. Bourdeaux. fr. 38.
12. http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D29855.php Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz
13. Web site: Karl Friedrich SCHIMPER . GEDBAS . 29 August 2018.
14. The Endocrinologist. Arnold Adolph Berthold and the Transplantation of Testes. 6. 3. 164–168. May 1996. 10.1097/00019616-199605000-00002.
15. Nekrolog: Carl Löwig . . . 23. 3 . 905–909. 1890. 10.1002/cber.18900230395.
16. Web site: J. von Liebig (1803 - 1873) . Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences . 26 July 2015.