1802 in Germany explained

Events from the year 1802 in Germany.

Incumbents

Holy Roman Empire

• Francis II (5 July 17926 August 1806)

Important Electors

• Bavaria- Maximilian I (16 February 17996 August 1806)^[1]
• Saxony- Frederick Augustus I (17 December 176320 December 1806)^[2]

Kingdoms

• Kingdom of Prussia
  • Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 17977 June 1840)^[3]

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
  • Frederick Francis I– (24 April 17851 February 1837)
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  • Charles II (2 June 17946 November 1816)^[4]
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg
  • Wilhelm (6 July 17852 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign.^[5]
  • Peter I (2 July 182321 May 1829)
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
  • Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe
  • George William (13 February 17871860)
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  • Louis Frederick II (13 April 179328 April 1807)^[6]
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  • Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 179419 August 1835)
• Principality of Lippe
  • Leopold II (5 November 18021 January 1851)^[7]
• Principality of Reuss-Greiz
  • Heinrich XIII (28 June 180029 January 1817)
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
  • Friedrich Karl August (29 August 176324 September 1812)

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
  • Leopold III (16 December 17519 August 1817)^[8]
• Duke of Brunswick
  • Frederick William (16 October 180616 June 1815)^[9]
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
  • Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
  • Francis (8 September 18009 December 1806)
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
  • Bernhard II (24 December 180320 September 1866)^[10]
• Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  • Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 177525 March 1816)^[11]
• Duke of Württemberg - Frederick I (1797–1803)^[12]

Other

• Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
  • Louis I (6 April 179014 August 1806)^[13]
• Margrave of Baden- Charles Frederick (21 October 177127 April 1803)

Events

• 3 March – Ludwig van Beethoven publishes his Piano Sonata No. 14, commonly known as the "Moonlight Sonata" (Mondschein), in Vienna; the availability of the sheet music is announced by Giovanni Cappi in the newspaper Wiener Zeitung.^[14]
• Johann Wilhelm Ritter builds the first electrochemical cell.^{[15] [16]}

Births

• 2 May – Heinrich Gustav Magnus, German chemist, physicist (died 1870)
• 26 May – Karl Ferdinand Ranke, German educator (died 1876)
• 2 June – Karl Lehrs, German classicist (died 1878)
• 17 June – Hermann Goldschmidt, German painter and astronomer (died 1866)
• 26 August – Ludwig Michael Schwanthaler, German sculptor (died 1848)
• 29 November – Wilhelm Hauff, German poet and novelist (died 1827)
• Ernst Friedrich Zwirner, Silesian-born architect working in Germany (died 1861)

Date unknown

• Friedrich Hohe, German lithographer, painter (died 1870)

Deaths

• 5 June – Johann Christian Gottlieb Ernesti, German classicist (born 1756)
• 29 June – Johann Jakob Engel, German teacher and writer (born 1741)
• 25 July – Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal, Archbishop of Mainz (born 1719)
• 10 August – Franz Aepinus, German natural philosopher (born 1724)

Notes and References

1. 17. 921. Maximilian I., king of Bavaria.
2. Web site: General German Biography - Wikisource. 24 January 2021.
3. Web site: Tikkanen . Amy . 30 July 2018 . Federick William III . 2022-09-21 . Encyclopaedia Britannica.
4. Book: Huish, Robert . Public and Private Life His Late Excellent and most Gracious Majesty George The Third . T. Kelly . 1821 . 170 .
5. Web site: Oldenburg Royal Family . Monarchies of Europe . https://web.archive.org/web/20060317161934/http://www.btinternet.com/~allan_raymond/Oldenburg_Royal_Family.htm . 1 January 2021. 17 March 2006 .
6. Book: Thüringer Chronik-Verlag Müllerott. 978-3-910132-29-0. Apfelstedt. F.. Apfelstedt. Heinrich Friedrich Theodor. Das Haus Kevernburg-Schwarzburg von seinem Ursprunge bis auf unsere Zeit. 1996.
7. Book: 1850 . . 87th . . 38 .
8. J. Morley, "The Bauhaus Effect," in Social Utopias of the Twenties (Germany: Müller Bushmann press, 1995), 11.
9. Gerhard Schildt: Von der Restauration zur Reichsgründungszeit, in Horst-Rüdiger Jarck / Gerhard Schildt (eds.), Die Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte. Jahrtausendrückblick einer Region, Braunschweig 2000, pp. 753–766.
10. Web site: Biografie Georg I (German). Meininger Museen. 8 September 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20110915152148/http://www.meiningermuseen.de/pages/schloss/personen/herzogliche-familie/georg-i.php. 15 September 2011. dead.
11. Book: Albinus, Robert. Lexikon der Stadt Königsberg Pr. und Umgebung. Verlag Gerhard Rautenberg. 1985. 3-7921-0320-6. Leer. 371. de.
12. Book: David, Saul. Prince of pleasure : the Prince of Wales and the making of the Regency. 1998. New York : Atlantic Monthly Press. 978-0-87113-739-5. 24 January 2021.
13. Book: Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans. Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living . 1768. Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. Bourdeaux. fr. 38.
14. Timothy Jones, Beethoven: The 'Moonlight' and Other Sonatas, Op. 27 and Op. 31 (Cambridge University Press, 1999) p20, p129
15. Berg. Hermann. 2008. Johann Wilhelm Ritter: the Founder of Scientific Electrochemistry. Review of Polarography. 54. 99–103. 10.5189/revpolarography.54.99. free. 2.
16. Book: Wetzels, Walter D.. Selected Topics in the History of Electrochemistry. Electrochemical Society. 1978. Dubpernell. G.. Princeton. 68–73. J. W. Ritter: the Beginnings of Electrochemistry in Germany. Westbrook. J. H..