1793 in Great Britain explained

Events from the year 1793 in Great Britain.

Incumbents

• Monarch – George III
• Prime Minister – William Pitt the Younger (Tory)^[1]
• Foreign Secretary – Lord Grenville

Events

• 1 February – French Revolutionary Wars: The French First Republic declares war on Britain, the Dutch Republic and (soon afterwards) Spain.^[2]
• 8 April – Acts of Parliament (Commencement) Act 1793: From this date, Acts are to be endorsed with the date of royal assent and will come into force on that date unless otherwise specified within; this overturns the previous convention that Acts come into force retrospectively at the date of commencement of the current Parliamentary session.^[3]
• 13 April
  • The Bank of England issues the first £5 note.^[4]
  • Manchester Penny Post launched, the first such service in the English provinces.^[5]
• May – Bennelong and Yemmerrawanne become the first Aboriginal Australians to visit Britain, landing at Falmouth, Cornwall, with Arthur Phillip.
• June – the Macartney Embassy, a diplomatic mission to China led by George Macartney, 1st Earl Macartney, reaches Canton, but will be rebuffed by the Qianlong Emperor.^[2]
• 20 July – Scottish explorer Alexander Mackenzie's 1792 - 1793 Peace River expedition to the Pacific Ocean reaches its goal at Bella Coola, British Columbia, making him the first known person to complete a transcontinental crossing of northern North America.^[6]
• 23 August – the Board of Agriculture founded.^[2]
• 12 September – Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson meets Emma, Lady Hamilton in Naples.^[7]
• 18 September–18 December – French Revolutionary Wars: Siege of Toulon – Admiral Hood's squadron of Royal Navy ships supporting French Royalists is forced to withdraw from Toulon after a successful siege by Napoleon, taking a number of French ships  - including the Lutine  - with them.^[2]
• 20 September – British troops from Jamaica land on the island of Saint-Domingue to join the Haitian Revolution in opposition to the French Republic and its newly freed slaves; on 22 September the main French naval base on the island surrenders peacefully to the Royal Navy.^{[8] [9]}
• 30 September – Bristol Bridge Riot against tolls: 11 people killed and 45 injured.^{[10] [11] [12]}
• 5 October – French Revolutionary Wars: Raid on Genoa – the Royal Navy boards and captures French warships sheltering in the neutral port of Genoa.
• 16 November – Catholic seminarians forced to leave the English College, Douai, settle at St Edmund's College, Ware, Hertfordshire.

Undated

• Westminster Quarters first written, for the bells of a new clock at the Church of St Mary the Great, Cambridge, by Prof. Joseph Jowett, probably with Prof. John Randall or William Crotch.
• Lansdown Crescent, Bath, designed by John Palmer, is completed.^[2]
• Physician Matthew Baillie publishes The Morbid Anatomy of Some of the Most Important Parts of the Human Body, a key text on pathology.
• Fritchley Tunnel, the world's oldest surviving railway tunnel is constructed at Fritchley in Derbyshire.
• Thomas Minton establishes his ceramics manufactory, Thomas Minton and Sons, in Stoke-upon-Trent, Staffordshire.
• Plymouth Gin Distillery begins production.^[13]

Births

• 22 February – Mary Elizabeth Mohl, née Clarke, saloniste (died 1883 in France)
• 3 March – William Macready, actor (died 1873)
• 6 March – William Dick, founder of Edinburgh Veterinary College (died 1866)
• April – Thomas Addison, physician (died 1860)
• 1 June
  • Augustus Earle, painter (died 1838)
  • Henry Francis Lyte, hymn-writer (died 1847)
• 13 July
  • John Clare, "peasant poet" (died 1864)
  • George Green, mathematician (died 1841)
• 21 July – Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, politician (d. 1768)^[14]
• 10 August – John Crichton-Stuart, 2nd Marquess of Bute, industrialist (died 1848)
• 25 September – Felicia Hemans, poet (died 1835)
• 17 November – Charles Lock Eastlake, painter (died 1865)
• 3 December – Clarkson Frederick Stanfield, marine painter (died 1867)
• 7 December – Joseph Severn, portrait and subject painter (died 1879)
• Sarah Booth, actress (died 1867)

Deaths

• 5 January – John Howie, biographer (born 1735)
• 1 February – William Barrington, 2nd Viscount Barrington, statesman (born 1717)
• 2 February – William Aiton, botanist (born 1731)
• 6 February – Thomas Turner, diarist (born 1729)
• 20 March – William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, judge and politician (born 1705)
• 26 March – John Mudge, physician and inventor (born 1721)
• 29 April – John Michell, scientist (born 1724)
• 31 May – Giambattista Tocco, Duke de Sicignano, ambassador of the Kingdom of Naples to London (suicide) (born c. 1760)^[15]
• 11 June – William Robertson, historian (born 1721)
• 26 June – Gilbert White, ornithologist (born 1720)
• 7 October – Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire, politician (born 1718)
• 16 October – John Hunter, surgeon (born 1728)
• 18 October – Highflyer, racehorse (born 1774)

See also

• 1793 in Wales

Notes and References

1. Web site: History of William Pitt 'The Younger' - GOV.UK . www.gov.uk . 1 July 2023 . en.
2. Book: 1793. The People's Chronology. Everett, Jason M.. Thomson Gale. 2006.
3. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/apgb/Geo3/33/13 The Acts of Parliament (Commencement) Act 1793
4. Book: Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 0-14-102715-0. 2006.
5. Book: Blake, Richard. The Book of Postal Dates, 1635–1985. Caterham. Marden. 5.
6. Book: Williams, Hywel. Cassell's Chronology of World History. registration. London. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 2005. 0-304-35730-8. 343–345.
7. Web site: Timeline: Emma Hamilton. Nelson Museum. Great Yarmouth. 2013. 2019-10-26. 2019-10-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20191026113209/https://www.nelson-museum.co.uk/timeline-emma.html. dead.
8. Book: Perry, James. Arrogant Armies: Great Military Disasters and the Generals Behind Them. Edison. Castle Books. 2005. 64–65.
9. Web site: British History Timeline. BBC History. 2007-09-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20070909012414/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/launch_tl_british.shtml. 2007-09-09.
10. Jones. Philip D.. 1980. The Bristol Bridge Riot and Its Antecedents: Eighteenth-Century Perception of the Crowd. The Journal of British Studies. 19. 2. 74–92. 10.1086/385756. 29 September 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120403001247/http://www.bradley.edu/academics/las/civ/bristol. 3 April 2012. dead.
11. Web site: 'Riot!' The Bristol Bridge Massacre of 1793. audio file. Bristol Radical History Group. 2007-03-07.
12. Book: Manson, Michael. Riot! The Bristol Bridge Massacre of 1793. Past & Present Press. 1998.
13. Web site: Plymouth Gin. Attractions in Devon. 2009-02-22. https://web.archive.org/web/20090207132345/http://www.devon-online.com/attractions/plymouthgin/Welcome.htm. 7 February 2009 .
14. Web site: History of Thomas Pelham-Holles 1st Duke of Newcastle - GOV.UK . www.gov.uk . 19 June 2023 . en.
15. Book: Lysons, Daniel. Daniel Lysons (antiquarian)

    . Daniel Lysons (antiquarian). The Environs of London: Middlesex. 1811. T. Cadell and W. Davies. London. 634.