1768 in Canada explained

Events from the year 1768 in Canada.

Incumbents

George III[1]

Governors

James Murray

Montague Wilmot

Hugh Palliser

Events

Births

Historical documents

Gov. Carleton is to call popular assembly in Quebec when possible, encourage Protestant schools, grant land only to those capable of farming, etc.[4]

To keep their loyalty, Carleton wants to allow Canadians judicial redress without fees and delays, plus few honorary positions and civil service jobs[5]

Former governor James Murray defends duties he levied as lower than those of French regime, which he proved in court in lawsuit against him[6]

Writer not surprised Quebec is poor, and likely to be poorer, when tradesmen set up as merchants and buy foreign goods they could make themselves[7]

Numerous house fires in Montreal and Quebec, from people not cleaning their chimneys, necessitate ordinance for chimney cleaning every four weeks[8]

April 11 fire in Montreal drives scores of families from their homes, but reportedly none are injured[9]

Valentine, "a Panis Indian," guilty of murdering army officer and servant, to be hanged "and his Body to be delivered to the Surgeons to be dissected"[10]

Surgeon offers inoculation (gratis to poor) "by which Means he has procured sufficient Infection for those who chuse to be inoculated"[11]

Discharged soldiers and others who have lots on Gaspé and Chaleur bays must clear, work or drain 3 acres for every 50 of each lot within 3 years[12]

Teacher will teach reading (by sounds rather than alphabet names of letters), writing, English, Latin, "true" double-entry Italian bookkeeping etc.[13]

Man falsely sworn to be father of woman's child informs readers that real father has demanded child and "challenged her" for claiming it's him[14]

"To Be Sold, a very healthy handy Negro Girl, about Eleven Years of Age, speaks both French and English."[15]

Husband of missing woman describes her, offers $1.50 reward, and wants her to "acknowledge her Fault, and tell me truly, who it was encouraged her"[16]

Notice seeking "Will, the Property of Eleazar Levy, [who] is much known in Canada, [and] speaks French, English and Spanish;" $4 reward offered[17]

William Johnson's conference with Indigenous people in which Six Nations "and all their Tributaries" agree to land cession and boundary[18]

Trade as far as Mississippi "very dull" while French and Spanish from New Orleans undersell British, who hold Sauk hostages after violence along river[19]

Robert Rogers brought to Montreal under strong guard, committed to "the Chateau, and double Centinels set over him"[20]

On Lake Huron, Alexander Henry and others avoid starving by eating rock tripe, thus not needing plan to cannibalize young woman among them[21]

British government pleased "that the Acadians have at length seen that their true interests lie in a due Submission to His [Majesty's] Government"[22]

Certificate of "Pierre Beliveau an accadian" showing he has taken oath of allegiance to King in Kings County, Nova Scotia court[23]

Nova Scotia Lt. Gov. Francklin pleased so many Acadians take oath of allegiance, and has no intention to use them in military or oppose their religion[24]

Francklin praises priest for "quieting the minds of the Indians" and "reconciling the consciencies [''sic''] of the Accadians who have lately taken the Oaths"[25]

Surveyor Charles Morris: Saint John River is "fine Country of Land in general [and] every necessary Convenience of Life can be had at an easy Rate"[26]

At settlement of disbanded New England soldiers on Saint John River, hemp grown more than 9 ft. tall marks success "beyond their Expectation"[27]

"Grimross is the most considerable Settlement that the French had" on Saint Johns River, but it is "now all demolished, and[...]laid waste"[28]

Widow may sue late husband's heir for her "reasonable dower" of one-third of "houses, lands, tenement or hereditaments," or of rents or profits[29]

Trader Benjamin Lester on Trinity, Newfoundland damage when tide pushed by easterly gale tosses ships around "at near an hours time every where"[30]

Travelling to St. Pierre on scientific expedition in July 1768, Cassini describes constant frustration (and danger) of being fogbound on Grand Banks[31]

Orders to settle St. John's Island with civil government, grants of townships to noblemen, and 3 towns: Charlotte-Town, George-Town and Prince-Town[32]

Description of Hudson Strait Inuit clothing (men's and women's, including tall boots in which babies can be carried), plus praise for Inuit "disposition"[33]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Kings and Queens of Canada . aem . 24 February 2021 . 11 August 2017.
  2. Web site: Hall . Anthony . Albers . Gretchen . 14 August 2014 . Treaties of Fort Stanwix (1768 and 1784) . 16 December 2023 . The Canadian Encyclopedia.
  3. Web site: 1768 Boundary Line Treaty of Fort Stanwix . 16 December 2023 . National Park Service.
  4. "Instructions to Governor Carleton 1768," Documents Relating to the Constitutional History of Canada, 1759-1791 (1907), pgs. 210-26 (PDF frames 224-40). Accessed 1 June 2022
  5. "Carleton to Shelburne" (January 20, 1768), Documents Relating to the Constitutional History of Canada, 1759-1791 (1907), pgs. 205-7 (PDF frames 219-21). (See also Carleton's further thoughts on Canadian loyalty in his "secret correspondence" of November 20 (PDF frame 241)) Accessed 1 June 2022
  6. "London; To the Printer, &c." (February 29, 1768), The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 185 (July 14, 1768), 1st pg. Accessed 3 June 2022
  7. "Quebec, January 28; To the Printers of the Quebec-Gazette," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 161 (January 28, 1768), 3rd pg. Accessed 2 June 2022
  8. "An Ordinance for preventing Accidents by Fire" (February 23, 1768), The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 166 (March 3, 1768), 1st pg. (See also chimney safety suggestions (2nd-3rd pgs.) in April 14 Quebec Gazette and much stronger fire ordinance in November 11 Gazette and detailed suggestion for creation of fire prevention society in December 1 Gazette) Accessed 2 June 2022
  9. "Quebec, April 28," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 174 (April 28, 1768), 3rd pg. (See also Massachusetts proclamation for relief of Montreal fire victims) Accessed 2 June 2022
  10. "Quebec, September 15," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 194 (September 15, 1768), 3rd pg. Accessed 3 June 2022
  11. "Advertisements; To the Inhabitants of Quebec," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 194 (September 15, 1768), 3rd pg. Accessed 3 June 2022
  12. "Advertisements; Council-Chamber, Quebec, 14th March, 1768," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 168 (March 17, 1768), 3rd pg. Accessed 2 June 2022
  13. "Avertissemens; The Government of this Province[....]," (August 23, 1768), The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 191 (August 25, 1768), 3rd pg. Accessed 3 June 2022
  14. Alexander Lawson, "Whereas Margaret Row[....]" (February 23, 1768), The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 165 (February 25, 1768), 3rd pg. Accessed 2 June 2022
  15. "To Be Sold[....]," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 204 (November 24, 1768), 4th pg. Accessed 2 June 2022 (See also "number of negroe slaves bartered" on Africa west coast in 1768 is 104,100, including 6,300 by "British Americans")
  16. Ranald McDonald, "Whereas Janot McDonald[....]" The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 168 (March 17, 1768), 3rd pg. Accessed 2 June 2022
  17. Sarah Levy, "Run away on the 11th Instant, a Mulatto Man," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 185 (July 14, 1768), 3rd pg. (See also notice of missing "Negro Man, named Dick" in The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 200 (October 27, 1768)) Accessed 3 June 2022
  18. "New-York, November 17 [1768]" The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 212 (January 19, 1769), 2nd pg. Accessed 15 June 2022
  19. "Quebec, August 18; Extract of a Letter from Michillimackinac[...]dated 30th June," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 190 (August 18, 1768), 3rd pg. Accessed 3 June 2022
  20. "Quebec, July 28," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 187 (July 28, 1768), 3rd pg. Accessed 3 June 2022
  21. Alexander Henry the elder, Travels and Adventures in Canada and the Indian Territories[....] (1809), pg. 221 Accessed 31 May 2022
  22. https://archives.novascotia.ca/deportation/archives/?Number=ONEII&Page=352 Dispatch to Lt. Gov. Francklin
  23. http://cfml.ci.umoncton.ca/1755-html/index0e46.html?id=010800000 Oath of allegiance certificate
  24. https://archives.novascotia.ca/deportation/archives/?Number=ONEII&Page=353 Letter of Lt. Gov. Francklin
  25. https://archives.novascotia.ca/deportation/archives/?Number=ONEII&Page=356 Francklin to Carleton
  26. https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.39602/9 "Description of the Harbour and River of St. John's, in Nova-Scotia (made by) Charles Morris, Esq., Surveyor General of Halifax(....)"
  27. https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.39602/7 "Description of the Harbour and River of St. John's, in Nova-Scotia (made by) Charles Morris, Esq., Surveyor General of Halifax(....)"
  28. https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.39602/7 "Description of the Harbour and River of St. John's, in Nova-Scotia (made by) Charles Morris, Esq., Surveyor General of Halifax(....)"
  29. https://bnald.lib.unb.ca/legislation/act-convenient-and-speedy-assignment-dower "An Act for the convenient and speedy Assignment of Dower"
  30. Benjamin Lester Diaries 1768, Sept 15 - Sept 15a Maritime History Archive, Memorial University of Newfoundland. (See also further damage and loss of life on subsequent pages) Accessed 1 June 2022
  31. Jean-Dominique Cassini, Voyage to Newfoundland and Sallee (extract; 1778), pgs. 125-34 Accessed 1 June 2022
  32. "Halifax, in Nova-Scotia, May 2," The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 185 (July 14, 1768), 2nd pg. (See full details in The Quebec Gazette, Nomb. 197 (October 6, 1768)) Accessed 3 June 2022
  33. William Wales, "July the 25th(1768)" XIII; Journal of a Voyage[...]to Churchill River[....] (1771?), pgs. 108-10. Accessed 31 May 2022

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