1730 in Canada explained

Events from the year 1730 in Canada.

Incumbents

Louis XV[1]

George II[2]

Governors

Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois

Étienne Perier

Lawrence Armstrong

Henry Osborn

Events

Deaths

Historical documents

Jesuit's long report on Saguenay region, it's geography and Mistassini Cree, and Innu (Montagnais) near Tadoussac (Note: "savages" used)[4]

New York governor seeks way to subsidize Oswego garrison and trade (key to Six Nations support) with tax acceptable to Assembly and Crown[5]

"That they might live and settle among them" - French and Meskwaki (Fox) in Seneca territory concern New York Indian commissioners[6]

N.Y. legislators on backfired past attempt to squeeze French out of Indigenous trade, and effect of current trouble from Oswego traders[7]

French send "a thousand sail of ships annually" to fish off Newfoundland and had 220,000 quintals of cod for Marseille market in 1730[8]

Legal advice that Newfoundland justices' powers don't include judging property cases, and taxation must have consent of some popular assembly[9]

"Hundreds of these poor creatures are beging [sic] up and down" - Servants' wages are withheld at end of fishing season, leaving them destitute[10]

Fishing admirals hold themselves superior to justices of the peace and Governor Osborn, whose authority is "only from the Privy Council"[11]

"So avers to all Government" - Fishing captains and traders won't support civil authority, even at tax rate of "one farthing in the pound"[12]

Newfoundlanders ask protection from price gouging by "masters of shipps," and that their flax and hemp "be sent home freight free"[13]

History of 1720s fighting between Saint George River settlers and "French Indians" to keep former's land out of "the hands of the Indians"[14]

Surveyor of His Majesty's Woods told to, "by the most gentle usage," deter Penobscot from hindering settlement beyond Saint George River[15]

In face of aggressiveness from Massachusetts, David Dunbar reaches out to Penobscot and their Canada-educated, mixed-race comrade[16]

Gov. Belcher objects to Dunbar's settlements between Sagadahoc (Kennebec) River and Gulf of St. Lawrence, which Massachusetts claims[17]

Nova Scotia governor offers Dunbar his limited advice on Penobscot (Note: "animals" and "savages" used)[18]

Dunbar relates complaints of Minas region merchants required to discount wares they supply to Annapolis Royal garrison[19]

Sure that his own settlements will take years to actualize, Gov. Philipps envies way new "Province of Maine" governor attracts settlers[20]

David Dunbar criticized for settlement names like "Province of Georgia" (it's Nova Scotia land) and "Fredericksburg" (which isn't English)[21]

Fidelity oath (in French) signed by Annapolis Acadians, plus their address welcoming governor's written assurance of religious rights[22]

1755 Acadian petition includes 1730 fidelity oath (in English) and testimony that Gov. Philipps promised them neutrality at that time[23]

With brief French lesson, Trade Board says oath given to Annapolis Acadians doesn't actually require their fidelity to His Majesty[24]

"Good management, plain reasoning and presents" - Philipps reports that Indigenous and French have submitted to British governance[25]

Oath of allegiance signed by 591 of "the French inhabitants of Nova Scotia"[26]

Philipps again appeals for adequate defence of Canso, pointing out its £30-40,000 value in duties and its 6–7 hours march from French forces[27]

Philipps told issuing settler-requested £2,000 in paper money impossible "till you shall have an Assembly," and then with "very great caution"[28]

David Dunbar worried about working in Nova Scotia, where people are afraid to travel and "are even insulted in their garrisons"[29]

Philipps to assist in settling Irish and Palatines in defensible townships between Penobscot and St. Croix rivers (Note: "savage" used)[30]

Fine and prison sentence set for "wild fellows who catch the horses in the fields and race them to the great detriment of the beasts"[31]

Hudson's Bay Company employee reports on wild rice, good grass for hay, and thriving fruit trees (!) in Moose River country[32]

Governors instructed not to seize whale products or discourage that fishery but "to encourage the same to the utmost of their power"[33]

Notes and References

  1. Guéganic (2008), p. 13.
  2. Web site: 30 December 2015 . George I . 18 April 2016 . Official web site of the British monarchy.
  3. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/antoine-laumet-cadillac "Cadillac, Antoine Laumet"
  4. Letter of Pierre Laure (translation; March 13, 1730), The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents; Vol. LXVIII; Lower Canada, Crees, Louisiana, 1720-1736. Accessed 10 May 2021 http://moses.creighton.edu/kripke/jesuitrelations/relations_68.html (scroll down to "Page 23")
  5. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp397-410 622 (xiii) Gov. Montgomerie to the Council of Trade and Plantations abstract
  6. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp397-410 622 i-ii(a and b) Indian Commissioners, Albany
  7. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp397-410 622 ii memorandum of N.Y. Council and Assembly members
  8. https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.20114/10?r=0&s=1 Considerations on the State of the British Fisheries in America....
  9. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp85-97 "196 Mr. Attorney General to the Council of Trade and Plantations"
  10. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp258-275 422 Letter of Governor Osborn
  11. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp258-275 "422 ii Complaint of the Justices of the Peace at Placentia against the Fishing Admirals"
  12. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp321-331 503 Letter of William Keen
  13. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp51-68 "90 Petition of inhabitants of Newfoundland to the King"
  14. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp70-85 175 Petition referred by Privy Council to Trade Board
  15. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp97-113 "215 Mr. Popple to Col. Dunbar"
  16. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp340-357 533 Letter of Lt. Gov. Dunbar
  17. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol38/pp1-14 "13 i Memorial of Governor Belcher to the King"
  18. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp357-376 "563 ii Governor Philipps to Col. Dunbar"
  19. 533 Letter of Lt. Gov. Dunbar (November 17, 1730), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 37, 1730. Accessed 12 May 2021 https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp340-357 (scroll down letter to "It is now the 30th of November")
  20. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp1-18 "3 Governor Philipps to the Council of Trade and Plantations"
  21. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp97-113 "215 Mr. Popple to Col. Dunbar"
  22. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp1-18 3 i and 3 ii
  23. https://archives.novascotia.ca/deportation/archives/?Number=NSHSIII&Page=111 "I yesterday recd a Memorial"
  24. https://archives.novascotia.ca/deportation/archives/?Number=ONEI&Page=84 Mr. Secretary Popple to Govr. Philipps
  25. https://archives.novascotia.ca/deportation/archives/?Number=ONEI&Page=86 Govr. Philipps to the Duke of Newcastle
  26. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp251-255 "411 iii Oath of allegiance to King George"
  27. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp251-255 "411 Governor Philipps to the Council of Trade and Plantations"
  28. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp113-130 246 Trade Board to Philipps
  29. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp19-37 45 Letter of David Dunbar
  30. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp85-97 "197 H.M. Additional Instructions to Governor Phillips (sic)"
  31. https://archives.novascotia.ca/heartland/archives/?Number=Two&Page=199 Order Against Riding Horses
  32. Arthur Dobbs, An Account of the Countries Adjoining to Hudson's Bay.... (1745), pgs. 45-6. Accessed 7 May 2021
  33. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol37/pp19-37 "72 Order of King in Council"

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