1709 in Canada explained

Events from the year 1709 in Canada.

Incumbents

• French Monarch

Louis XIV^[1]

• British and Irish Monarch

Anne^[2]

Governors

• Governor General of New France

Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil^[3]

• Governor of Acadia

Daniel d'Auger de Subercase^[4]

• Colonial Governor of Louisiana

Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville^[5]

• Governor of Plaisance

Philippe Pastour de Costebelle

Events

• In New France, slavery becomes legal.^[6]

Births

• September 7 (O.S. September 18 - Dr. Samuel Johnson born in Lichfield, Staffordshire. (died 1784)^[7]
• September 26 - Jean-Louis Le Loutre, priest, Spiritan, and missionary (died 1772)

Deaths

• August - Robert Giguère, pioneer in New France and founder of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré (born 1616)
• September 9 - Jean-Baptiste Legardeur de Repentigny (born 1632)

Historical documents

Intendant's ordinance proclaims Panis and Blacks who have been purchased are property to be known as slaves (Note: "savages" used)^[8]

"Inhabitants remaining[...]are in a very bad condition" - Report to Queen Anne of aftermath of French attack on St. John's, Newfoundland^[9]

"Rotten and decay'd" - Indigenous spies sent by New York government report Canadian fortifications (except at Quebec City) are poor^[10]

"So great a plague to all Plantations in America" - New Englanders eager to attack Port Royal and its "nest of spoilers and robbers"^[11]

Inhabitants of Buoys Island (off Ferryland, Newfoundland) get evacuation offer but stay to meet possible third French attack^[12]

Notes and References

1. Web site: The Reign of Louis XIV (1643-1715): An Overview University of Kentucky College of Arts & Sciences . 2023-02-07 . history.as.uky.edu.
2. Emson . H. E. . 1992 . For The Want Of An Heir: The Obstetrical History Of Queen Anne . BMJ: British Medical Journal . 304 . 6838 . 1365–1366 . 0959-8138.
3. Web site: BAnQ numérique . 2023-02-07 . numerique.banq.qc.ca . fr.
4. Web site: Biography – PASTOUR DE COSTEBELLE, PHILIPPE – Volume II (1701-1740) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography . 2023-02-07 . www.biographi.ca.
5. Web site: Government House Table of Contents . 2023-02-07 . www.heritage.nf.ca.
6. Web site: Torture and Truth: Angélique and the Burning of Montreal . 2023-02-08 . www.canadianmysteries.ca . en.
7. Book: Boswell, James . The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. . Oxford University Press . 978-0-19-195632-4 . en-US . 10.1093/owc/9780199540211.001.0001/owc-9780199540211-chapter-1;jsessionid=489f2be39b2acb7d68e87431087f312d.
8. Jacques Raudot, "Ordinance relative to slavery in Canada" (translation; April 13, 1709), Archives nationales du Québec. Accessed 19 July 2021
9. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol25/pp34-54 "139 Council of Trade and Plantations to the Queen"
10. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol24/pp408-426 621iv a) and b); Reports of spies returned from Canada
11. https://www.british-history.ac.uk/cal-state-papers/colonial/america-west-indies/vol24/pp482-503 794; Letter of Governor Dudley et al.
12. Richard Amiss and 38 others, Petition to Governor Joseph Dudley of Massachusetts (May 1709). Accessed 28 January 2021