16th Canadian Parliament explained

Jurisdiction:	CA
#:	16th
Type:	Minority
Houseimage:	Chambre des Communes 1926.png
Status:	inactive
Term-Begin:	1926-12-09
Term-End:	1930-05-30
Pm:	William Lyon Mackenzie King
Ministry:	14th Canadian Ministry
Pm-Begin:	1926-09-25
Pm-End:	1930-08-07
Lo:	Hugh Guthrie
Loterm:	11 October 1926  - 11 October 1927
Lo2:	Richard Bedford Bennett
Loterm2:	12 October 1927  - 6 August 1930
Party:	Liberal Party
Party2:	Conservative Party
Unrecparty1:	Progressive Party
Unrecparty2:	United Farmers of Alberta
Unrecparty3:	Labour
Sc:	Rodolphe Lemieux
Scterm:	8 March 1922 – 2 June 1930
Ss:	Hewitt Bostock
Ssterm:	7 February 1922 – 12 May 1930
Ss2:	Arthur Charles Hardy
Ssterm2:	13 May 1930 – 2 September 1930
Gsl:	Raoul Dandurand
Gslterm:	25 September 1926 – 6 August 1930
Osl:	William Benjamin Ross
Oslterm:	31 December 1926 – 10 January 1929
Osl2:	Wellington Bartley Willoughby
Oslterm2:	11 January 1929 – 7 August 1930
Sessionbegin:	9 December 1926
Sessionend:	14 April 1927
Sessionbegin2:	26 January 1928
Sessionend2:	11 June 1928
Sessionbegin3:	7 February 1929
Sessionend3:	14 June 1929
Sessionbegin4:	20 February 1930
Sessionend4:	30 May 1930
Monarchterm:	6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936
Viceroy:	Freeman Freeman-Thomas
Viceroyterm:	2 October 1926 – 4 April 1931
Members:	245
Lastparl:	15th
Nextparl:	17th

The 16th Canadian Parliament was in session from 9 December 1926, until 30 May 1930. The membership was set by the 1926 federal election on 14 September 1926, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1930 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party minority under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 14th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Conservative Party, led briefly by Hugh Guthrie, and then by Richard Bedford Bennett.

The Speaker was Rodolphe Lemieux. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1924-1933 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were four sessions of the 16th Parliament:

Session	Start	End
1st	9 December 1926	14 April 1927
2nd	26 January 1928	11 June 1928
3rd	7 February 1929	14 June 1929
4th	20 February 1930	30 May 1930

List of members

Following is a full list of members of the sixteenth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district.Party leaders are italicized.Cabinet ministers are in boldface.The Prime Minister is both.The Speaker is indicated by "".

Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.

Alberta

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Acadia			Robert Gardiner	United Farmers of Alberta	1921
Athabaska			Donald Ferdinand Kellner	United Farmers of Alberta	1921, 1926
Battle River			Henry Elvins Spencer	United Farmers of Alberta	1921
Bow River			Edward Joseph Garland	United Farmers of Alberta	1921
Calgary East			Herbert Bealey Adshead	Labour	1926
Calgary West			Richard Bedford Bennett	Conservative	1911, 1925
Camrose			William Thomas Lucas	United Farmers of Alberta	1921
Edmonton East			Kenneth Alexander Blatchford	Liberal	1926
Edmonton West			Charles Stewart	Liberal	1925
			Charles Stewart (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Lethbridge			Lincoln Henry Jelliff	United Farmers of Alberta	1921
Macleod			George Gibson Coote	United Farmers of Alberta	1921
Medicine Hat			Frederick William Gershaw	Liberal	1925
Peace River			Donald MacBeth Kennedy	United Farmers of Alberta	1921
Red Deer			Alfred Speakman	United Farmers of Alberta	1921
Vegreville			Michael Luchkovich	United Farmers of Alberta	1926
Wetaskiwin			William Irvine	United Farmers of Alberta	1921, 1926

British Columbia

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Cariboo			John Anderson Fraser	Conservative	1925
Comox—Alberni			Alan Webster Neill	Independent	1921
Fraser Valley			Harry James Barber	Conservative	1925
Kootenay East			James Horace King (until 11 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1922
			James Horace King (by-election of 9 November 1926)	Liberal
Kootenay West			William Esling	Conservative	1925
Nanaimo			Charles Dickie	Conservative	1921
New Westminster			William Garland McQuarrie	Conservative	1917
Skeena			James Charles Brady	Conservative	1926
Vancouver—Burrard			John Arthur Clark	Conservative	1921
Vancouver Centre			Henry Herbert Stevens	Conservative	1911
Vancouver North			Alexander Duncan McRae	Conservative	1926
Vancouver South			Leon Johnson Ladner	Conservative	1921
Victoria			Simon Fraser Tolmie (resigned 5 June 1928)	Conservative	1917
			D'Arcy Plunkett (by-election of 6 December 1928)	Conservative	1928
Yale			Grote Stirling	Conservative	1924

Manitoba

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24% rowspan=3	Brandon			Robert Forke (until 5 October 1926 ministerial appointment)	Liberal-Progressive	1921
		Robert Forke (by-election of 2 November 1926, until 30 December 1929 Senate appointment)	Liberal-Progressive
		Thomas Crerar (by-election of 5 February 1930)	Liberal	1917, 1930
Dauphin			William John Ward	Liberal-Progressive	1921
Lisgar			John Livingstone Brown	Liberal-Progressive	1921
Macdonald			William James Lovie	Progressive	1921
Marquette			James Allison Glen	Liberal-Progressive	1926
Neepawa			Robert Milne	Progressive	1921, 1926
Nelson			Thomas William Bird	Progressive	1921
Portage la Prairie			Ewan McPherson	Liberal	1926
Provencher			Arthur-Lucien Beaubien	Liberal-Progressive	1921
Selkirk			Leland Payson Bancroft	Liberal-Progressive	1921, 1926
Souris			James Steedsman	Progressive	1921
Springfield			Edgar Douglas Richmond Bissett	Liberal-Progressive	1926
St. Boniface			John Power Howden	Liberal	1925
Winnipeg North			Abraham Albert Heaps	Labour	1925
Winnipeg North Centre			James Shaver Woodsworth	Labour	1921
Winnipeg South			John Stewart McDiarmid	Liberal	1926
Winnipeg South Centre			Joseph Thorarinn Thorson	Liberal	1926

New Brunswick

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Charlotte			Robert Watson Grimmer	Conservative	1921
Gloucester			Peter Veniot (until 5 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1926
			Peter Veniot (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Kent			Alfred Edmond Bourgeois	Liberal	1926
Northumberland			Charles Joseph Morrissy	Liberal	1926
Restigouche—Madawaska			Stanislas Blanchard	Liberal	1926
Royal			George Burpee Jones	Conservative	1921
St. John—Albert			Thomas Bell	Conservative	1925
			Murray MacLaren	Conservative	1921
Victoria—Carleton			James Kidd Flemming	Conservative	1925
			Albion Roudolph Foster (by-election of 16 June 1927)	Liberal	1927
Westmorland			Otto Baird Price	Conservative	1925
York—Sunbury			Richard Hanson	Conservative	1921

Nova Scotia

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24% rowspan=2	Antigonish—Guysborough			John Carey Douglas	Conservative	1917, 1926
		William Duff (by-election of 18 January 1927)	Liberal	1917, 1927
Cape Breton North—Victoria			Lewis Wilkieson Johnstone	Conservative	1925
Cape Breton South			Finlay MacDonald	Conservative	1925
Colchester			George Taylor MacNutt	Conservative	1925
Cumberland			Robert Knowlton Smith	Conservative	1925
Digby—Annapolis			Harry Short	Conservative	1925
Halifax			William Anderson Black	Conservative	1923
			Felix Patrick Quinn	Conservative	1925
Hants—Kings			James Lorimer Ilsley	Liberal	1926
Inverness			Isaac Duncan MacDougall	Conservative	1925
Pictou			Thomas Cantley	Conservative	1925
Queens—Lunenburg			William Gordon Ernst	Conservative	1926
Richmond—West Cape Breton			John Alexander MacDonald	Conservative	1925
Shelburne—Yarmouth			Paul Hatfield (until 6 October 1926)	Liberal	1921
			James Ralston (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal	1926

Ontario

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Algoma East			Beniah Bowman	United Farmers of Ontario	1926
Algoma West			Thomas Edward Simpson	Conservative	1917
Brantford City			Robert Edwy Ryerson	Conservative	1925
Brant			Franklin Smoke	Conservative	1925
Bruce North			James Malcolm (until 22 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1921
			James Malcolm (by-election of 9 November 1926)	Liberal
Bruce South			Walter Allan Hall	Liberal	1925
Carleton			William Foster Garland	Conservative	1912, 1921
Dufferin—Simcoe			William Earl Rowe	Conservative	1925
Durham			Fred Wellington Bowen	Conservative	1921
Elgin West			Mitchell Hepburn	Liberal	1926
Essex East			Edmond George Odette	Liberal	1926
Essex South			Eccles James Gott	Conservative	1925
Essex West			Sidney Cecil Robinson	Conservative	1925
Fort William			Robert James Manion	Conservative	1917
Frontenac—Addington			John Wesley Edwards (died 18 April 1929)	Conservative	1908, 1925
			William Spankie (by-election of 22 July 1929)	Conservative	1929
Glengarry			Archibald John Macdonald	Liberal	1925
Grenville—Dundas			Arza Clair Casselman	Conservative	1921, 1925
Grey North			William Pattison Telford	Liberal	1926
Grey Southeast			Agnes Campbell Macphail	Progressive	1921
Haldimand			Mark Cecil Senn	Conservative	1921
Halton			Robert King Anderson	Conservative	1917
Hamilton East			George Septimus Rennie	Conservative	1926
Hamilton West			Charles William Bell	Conservative	1925
Hastings—Peterborough			Alexander Thomas Embury	Conservative	1925
Hastings South			William Ernest Tummon	Conservative	1925
Huron North			John Warwick King (died 14 January 1927)	Progressive	1921
			George Spotton (by-election of 12 September 1927)	Conservative	1927
Huron South			Thomas McMillan	Liberal	1925
Kenora—Rainy River			Peter Heenan (until 11 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1925
			Peter Heenan (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Kent			James Warren Rutherford	Liberal	1926
Kingston City			Arthur Edward Ross	Conservative	1921
Lambton East			Burt Wendell Fansher	Progressive	1921, 1926
Lambton West			William Thomas Goodison (died 3 December 1928)	Liberal	1925
			Ross Wilfred Gray (by-election of 14 January 1929)	Liberal	1929
Lanark			Richard Franklin Preston (died 8 February 1929)	Conservative	1922
			William Samuel Murphy (by-election of 29 July 1929)	Independent Conservative	1929
Leeds			Hugh Alexander Stewart	Conservative	1921
Lincoln			James Dew Chaplin	Conservative	1917
London			John Franklin White	Conservative	1921
Middlesex East			Adam King Hodgins	Conservative	1925
Middlesex West			John Campbell Elliott (until 25 October 1926 ministerial appointment)	Liberal	1925
			John Campbell Elliott (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Muskoka—Ontario			Peter McGibbon	Conservative	1925
Nipissing			Edmond Lapierre	Liberal	1921
Norfolk—Elgin			William Horace Taylor	Liberal	1926
Northumberland			Milton Edgar Maybee	Conservative	1921
Ontario			Thomas Erlin Kaiser	Conservative	1925
Ottawa (City of)			Edgar-Rodolphe-Eugène Chevrier	Liberal	1921, 1926
			Gordon Cameron Edwards	Liberal	1926
Oxford North			Hugh Allan	Liberal	1926
Oxford South			Thomas Merritt Cayley	Liberal	1926
Parkdale			David Spence	Conservative	1921
Parry Sound			James Arthurs	Conservative	1908
Peel			Samuel Charters	Conservative	1917
Perth North			Francis Wellington Hay	Liberal	1926
Perth South			Frederick George Sanderson	Liberal	1925
Peterborough West			Edward Armour Peck	Conservative	1925
Port Arthur—Thunder Bay			Donald James Cowan	Conservative	1926
Prescott			Louis Mathias Auger (until resignation)	Liberal	1926
			Elie-Oscar Bertrand (by-election of 29 July 1929)	Liberal	1929
Prince Edward—Lennox			John Hubbs	Conservative	1921
Renfrew North			Ira Delbert Cotnam	Conservative	1925
Renfrew South			Martin James Maloney	Conservative	1925
Russell			Alfred Goulet	Liberal	1925
Simcoe East			Alfred Burke Thompson	Conservative	1925
Simcoe North			William Alves Boys	Conservative	1921
Stormont			Arnold Neilson Smith	Liberal	1925
Timiskaming North			Joseph-Arthur Bradette	Liberal	1926
Timiskaming South			Malcolm Lang	Labour	1926
Toronto East			Edmond Baird Ryckman	Conservative	1921
Toronto East Centre			Robert Charles Matthews	Conservative	1926
Toronto—High Park			Alexander James Anderson	Conservative	1925
Toronto Northeast			Newton Manly Young	Conservative	1926
Toronto Northwest			Thomas Langton Church	Conservative	1921
Toronto—Scarborough			Joseph Henry Harris	Conservative	1921
Toronto South			George Reginald Geary	Conservative	1925
Toronto West Centre			Horatio Clarence Hocken	Conservative	1917
Victoria			Thomas Hubert Stinson	Conservative	1925
Waterloo North			William Daum Euler (until ministerial appointment)	Liberal	1917
			William Daum Euler (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Waterloo South			Alexander McKay Edwards	Conservative	1925
Welland			George Hamilton Pettit	Conservative	1925
Wellington North			Duncan Sinclair	Conservative	1925
Wellington South			Hugh Guthrie	Conservative	1900
Wentworth			Gordon Crooks Wilson	Conservative	1911
York North			Thomas Herbert Lennox	Conservative	1925
York South			Robert Henry McGregor	Conservative	1926
York West			Henry Lumley Drayton	Conservative	1919
			Earl Lawson (by-election of 29 October 1928)	Conservative	1928

Prince Edward Island

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	King's			John Alexander Macdonald	Conservative	1925
Prince			Alfred Edgar MacLean	Liberal	1921
Queen's			Robert Harold Jenkins	Liberal	1925
			John Ewen Sinclair	Liberal	1917, 1926

Quebec

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Argenteuil			George Halsey Perley	Conservative	1904, 1925
Bagot			Georges Dorèze Morin (died in office)	Liberal	1925
			Cyrille Dumaine (by-election of 27 January 1930)	Liberal	1930
Beauce			Édouard Lacroix	Liberal	1925
Beauharnois			Maxime Raymond	Liberal	1925
Bellechasse			Joseph Oscar Lefebre Boulanger	Liberal	1926
Berthier—Maskinongé			Joseph-Charles-Théodore Gervais	Liberal	1917
Bonaventure			Charles Marcil	Liberal	1900
Brome—Missisquoi			William Frederic Kay	Liberal	1911
Cartier			Samuel William Jacobs	Liberal	1917
Chambly—Verchères			Aimé Langlois	Liberal	1925
Champlain			Arthur Lesieur Desaulniers	Liberal	1917
Charlevoix—Saguenay			Pierre-François Casgrain	Liberal	1917
Chicoutimi			Julien-Édouard-Alfred Dubuc	Independent Liberal	1917
Châteauguay—Huntingdon			James Alexander Robb (until 5 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1908
			James Alexander Robb (by-election of 2 November 1926, died 11 November 1929)	Liberal
			Dennis James O'Connor (by-election of 27 January 1930)	Liberal	1930
Compton			Joseph Étienne Letellier de Saint-Just	Liberal	1925
Dorchester			Lucien Cannon (until 5 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1917
			Lucien Cannon (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Drummond—Arthabaska			Wilfrid Girouard	Liberal	1925
Gaspé				Liberal	1896
Hochelaga			Édouard-Charles St-Père	Liberal	1921
Hull			Joseph-Éloi Fontaine	Liberal	1917
Jacques Cartier			Joseph-Théodule Rhéaume	Liberal	1922
Joliette			Jean-Joseph Denis (until 3 November 1928 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1917
			Charles-Édouard Ferland (by-election of 17 December 1928)	Liberal	1928
Kamouraska			Joseph Georges Bouchard	Liberal	1922
Labelle			Joseph Henri Napoléon Bourassa	Independent	1896, 1925
Lake St. John			Armand Sylvestre	Liberal	1925
Laprairie—Napierville			Roch Lanctôt (died 30 May 1929)	Liberal	1904
			Vincent Dupuis (by-election of 22 July 1929)	Liberal	1929
L'Assomption—Montcalm			Paul-Arthur Séguin	Liberal	1908
Laurier—Outremont			Joseph-Alexandre Mercier	Liberal	1925
Laval—Two Mountains			Liguori Lacombe	Liberal	1925
Lévis			Joseph-Étienne Dussault	Liberal	1925
L'Islet			Joseph-Fernand Fafard	Liberal	1917
Lotbinière			Joseph-Achille Verville	Liberal	1925
Maisonneuve			Clément Robitaille	Liberal	1921
Matane			Georges-Léonidas Dionne	Liberal	1925
Mégantic			Eusèbe Roberge	Liberal	1922
Montmagny			Leo Kemner Laflamme	Liberal	1925
Mount Royal			Robert Smeaton White	Conservative	1888, 1925
Nicolet			Joseph-Félix Descoteaux	Liberal	1923
Pontiac			Frank S. Cahill	Liberal	1917
Portneuf			Michel-Siméon Delisle	Liberal	1900
Québec—Montmorency			Henri-Edgar Lavigueur	Liberal	1917
Quebec East			Ernest Lapointe (until 5 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1904
			Ernest Lapointe (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Quebec South			Charles Gavan Power	Liberal	1917
Quebec West			Georges Parent	Liberal	1904, 1917
Richelieu			Arthur Cardin (until 5 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1911
			Arthur Cardin (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Richmond—Wolfe			Edmund William Tobin	Liberal	1900
Rimouski			Eugène Fiset	Liberal	1924
St. Ann			James John Edmund Guérin	Liberal	1925
St. Antoine			Leslie Gordon Bell	Conservative	1925
St. Denis			Joseph-Arthur Denis	Liberal	1921
St. Henri			Paul Mercier	Liberal	1921
St. Hyacinthe—Rouville			René Morin	Liberal	1921
St. James			Fernand Rinfret (until 5 October 1926 Secretary of State appointment)	Liberal	1920
			Fernand Rinfret (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
St. Johns—Iberville			Aldéric-Joseph Benoit	Liberal	1922
St. Lawrence—St. George			Charles Cahan	Conservative	1925
St. Mary			Hermas Deslauriers	Liberal	1917
Shefford			Pierre-Ernest Boivin	Liberal	1926
Sherbrooke			Charles Benjamin Howard	Liberal	1925
Stanstead			Willis Keith Baldwin	Liberal	1917
Témiscouata			Jean-François Pouliot	Liberal	1924
Terrebonne			Jules-Édouard Prévost	Liberal	1917
Three Rivers—St. Maurice			Arthur Bettez	Liberal	1925
Vaudreuil—Soulanges			Lawrence Alexander Wilson (resigned 1 February 1929)	Liberal	1925
			Lawrence Alexander Wilson (by-election of 29 July 1929)	Liberal
Wright			Fizalam-William Perras	Liberal	1925
Yamaska			Aimé Boucher	Liberal	1921

Saskatchewan

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Assiniboia			Robert McKenzie	Liberal	1925
Humboldt			Albert Frederick Totzke	Liberal	1925
Kindersley			Archibald M. Carmichael	Progressive	1921
Last Mountain			William Russell Fansher	Progressive	1925
Long Lake			John Frederick Johnston	Liberal	1917
Mackenzie			Milton Neil Campbell	Progressive	1921
Maple Creek			George Spence (resigned 14 October 1927)	Liberal	1925
			William George Bock (by-election of 25 November 1927)	Liberal	1927
Melfort			Malcolm McLean	Liberal	1925
Melville			William Richard Motherwell (until 11 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1921
			William Richard Motherwell (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Moose Jaw			John Gordon Ross	Liberal	1925
North Battleford			Cameron Ross McIntosh	Liberal	1925
Prince Albert			William Lyon Mackenzie King (until 11 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1908, 1919, 1921, 1926
			William Lyon Mackenzie King (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Qu'Appelle			John Millar	Liberal-Progressive	1921
Regina			Charles Avery Dunning (until 5 October 1926 emoulment appointment)	Liberal	1926
			Charles Avery Dunning (by-election of 2 November 1926)	Liberal
Rosetown			John Evans	Progressive	1921
Saskatoon			Alexander MacGillivray Young	Liberal	1925
South Battleford			John Vallance	Liberal	1925
Swift Current			Charles Edward Bothwell	Liberal	1925
Weyburn			Edward James Young	Liberal	1925
Willow Bunch			Thomas F. Donnelly	Liberal	1925
Yorkton			George Washington McPhee	Liberal	1925

Yukon

Electoral district	Name	width=20%	Party	First elected/previously elected
width=24%	Yukon			George Black	Conservative	1921

By-elections

See main article: By-elections to the 16th Canadian Parliament.

References

• Web site: Government of Canada. Privy Council Office. 14th Ministry. Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. 9 November 2006. 19 August 2004. https://web.archive.org/web/20040819192212/http://www.pco-bcp.gc.ca/default.asp?Language=E&Page=Publications&doc=min%2Fmin_14_e.htm. dead.
• Web site: Government of Canada. Library of Parliament. Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. 16th Parliament. 30 November 2006. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20061220074115/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/house/mpsparl.asp?Language=E. 20 December 2006.
• Web site: Government of Canada. Library of Parliament. Duration of Sessions. 12 May 2006. 14 November 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20071114112755/http://www2.parl.gc.ca/parlinfo/compilations/parliament/Sessions.aspx. dead.
• Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . General Elections . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060504214348/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/process/House/asp/Elections.asp?Language=E&Hist=Y&gen=Y . 4 May 2006 .
• Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Key Dates for each Parliament . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20050914163314/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/process/info/parl-dates.asp?lang=E&Hist=Y . 14 September 2005 .
• Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070311060420/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/house/OppLeader.asp?lang=E&Hist=Y . 11 March 2007 .
• Web site: Government of Canada. Library of Parliament. Prime Ministers of Canada. 12 May 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060427095217/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/key/pm/index.asp?Language=E&param=pi&param2=gen. 27 April 2006 .
• Web site: Government of Canada . Library of Parliament . Speakers . 12 May 2006 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060917033025/http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/key/hf-parl-off/index.asp?Language=E . 17 September 2006 .